Surface roughness of CP-Ti, Ti6Al4V and sputtered Ti specimen after oxygen plasma treatment for different lengths of time, respectively.

<p>Star sign means significant difference (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p

Normalized XPS spectra of (a) CP-Ti, (b) Ti6Al4V and (c) sputtered Ti before and after oxygen plasma treatment for different lengths of time.

<p>Normalized XPS spectra of (a) CP-Ti, (b) Ti6Al4V and (c) sputtered Ti before and after oxygen plasma treatment for different lengths of time.</p

Water contact angles of CP-Ti and Ti6Al4V specimen treated by oxygen plasma.

<p>Water contact angles of CP-Ti and Ti6Al4V specimen treated by oxygen plasma.</p

Surface roughness of CP-Ti, Ti6Al4V and sputtered Ti specimen after oxygen plasma treatment for different lengths of time, respectively.

<p>Star sign means significant difference (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p

Topographic images with section analysis of sputtered Ti substrates: (a) untreated, (b) OPT for 5 minutes, (c) OPT for 10 minutes and (d) OPT for 30 minutes.

<p>Topographic images with section analysis of sputtered Ti substrates: (a) untreated, (b) OPT for 5 minutes, (c) OPT for 10 minutes and (d) OPT for 30 minutes.</p

The results of MTT assay of CP-Ti and Ti6Al4V.

<p>In CP-Ti groups, star sign means significant difference; as well as Ti6Al4V groups, different letter meant statistic different. (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p

The F-actin immunofluorescence staining of MG-63 cell line cultured on CP-Ti and Ti6Al4V (200x).

<p>(a) is CP-Ti, and (b) is Ti6Al4V. The blue ovoid to round dots was the portion of cell nuclei. The cell shape of CP-Ti Control was polygonal, as well as spindle shape of other groups. All cells cultured on Ti6Al4V displayed spindle shape.</p

Table_1_Real-world study of patients with locally advanced HNSCC in the community oncology setting.docx

IntroductionThere is a need to understand the current treatment landscape for LA HNSCC in the real-world setting.MethodsThis retrospective study assessed real-world outcomes and treatment patterns of 1,158 adult patients diagnosed with locally advanced (stage III-IVB) HNSCC initiating chemoradiotherapy (CRT) within the period January 2015 to December 2017 in a large network of US community oncology practices. Structured data were abstracted from electronic health records. Demographic, clinical and treatment characteristics were analyzed descriptively overall and stratified by index treatment (cisplatin + radiotherapy [RT], cisplatin + other chemotherapy + RT, or cetuximab + RT). Time to next treatment (TTNT) and overall survival (OS) were measured using the Kaplan-Meier method, and median duration of treatment was assessed. OS was compared across treatment cohorts using multinomial logistic regression with inverse probability treatment weighting. To identify covariates associated with OS, a multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazard model was used.ResultsThis study examined 22,782 records, of which 2124 had stage III to stage IVB and no other cancers, and 1158 met all eligibility criteria. Among the treatment cohorts analyzed (cisplatin + RT, cisplatin + other chemotherapy + RT, or cetuximab + RT), cisplatin + RT was the most common concurrent chemotherapy (65.8%). Among 1158 patients, 838 (72.4%) did not initiate subsequent treatment and 139 (12.0%) died. The median TTNT and median OS were only reached by the cetuximab + RT cohort. Among patients with oropharynx primary tumor location, patients with human papilloma virus (HPV) positive status had the longest time on treatment and highest survival at 60 months. Covariates associated with improved survival were never/former tobacco use, HPV positive status, and overweight or obese body mass index. Covariates associated with poorer survival were age of 60+ years, primary tumor location of hypopharynx or oral cavity and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score of 2+.ConclusionThese data describe real-world treatment patterns in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell cancer and sets the baseline to assess outcomes for future studies on the community oncology population.</p

Effect of p-cresol on cell cycle distribution of EAHY and U937 cells.

<p>(A) Induction of S-phase cell cycle arrest of endothelial cells by p-cresol, (B) Induction of apoptosis of EAHY endothelial cells by p-cresol (C) Induction of S-phase cell cycle arrest of U937 mononuclear cells by cresol, (D) Induction of apoptosis of U937 cells by p-cresol (sub-G0/G1 population, %) (Mean±SE).</p

Effect of p-cresol on PGF2α production of EAHY and U937 cells.

<p>(A) EAHY endothelial cells, and (B) U937 mononuclear cells. Results were expressed as Mean ±SE. No statistically significant difference when compared with control was noted (P>0.05).</p