Sequences of PCR primers.

<p>Sequences of PCR primers.</p

The cell injury in the brain was assessed by detecting the DNA fragmentation using TUNEL staining.

<p>Panel 1. It was shown that the cells have a normal structure and are light blue-stained. In the SAH group, the dystrophic and brown-stained TUNEL-positive cells are observed in the cortex. And the TUNEL-positive cells in the PDTC group are less than that in the SAH group. Panel 2. Quantification of the TUNEL staining showed that the TUNEL-positive cells are significantly increased in the SAH group compared with that in the control group. In the PDTC group, the TUNEL-positive cells are significantly decreased compared with that in the SAH group. **P<0.01 vs. control group, #P<0.05 vs. SAH group.</p

Localization of activated NF-κB detected by immunohistochemistry.

<p>NF-κB p65 immunoactivity was mainly presented in neurons in the SAH group. Furthermore, NF-κB p65 immunoactivity mainly located in the nuclei of neurons.</p

The gene expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, and ICAM-1 in the brain.

<p>The representative autoradiograms of the RT-PCR results of TNF-α, IL-1β, ICAM-1. B) Relative amount of TNF-α, IL-1β and ICAM-1 mRNA. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and ICAM-1 mRNA increased after SAH and was suppressed in the PDTC group. **P<0.01 vs. control group, ##P<0.01 vs. SAH group.</p

The time course of NF-κB DNA-binding activity detected by EMSA after SAH and the effects of PDTC on NF-κB activation.

<p>A. The representative autoradiogram showed the NF-κB DNA-binding activity in each group. B. The time course of NF-κB DNA-binding activity after SAH. Quantification of the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB was performed by densitometric analysis. The NF-κB DNA-binding activity was up-regulated significantly after SAH, especially on day 3 and 5, while restored on day 7. C. the effects of intracisternal administration of PDTC on NF-κB DNA-binding activity. It was shown that NF-κB DNA-binding activity was suppressed after treatment with PDTC. 1 stands for the control group. 2, 3 and 4 stand for the D-3, 5 and 7 SAH groups. 5 stands for the PDTC groups. Results are represented as means ± SEM from five independent experiments in each group. *P<0.05 vs. control group, **P<0.01 vs. control group, #P<0.05 vs. D-5 SAH group.</p