Attraction of Culex mosquitoes to aldehydes from human emanations.

Anecdotes related to preferential mosquito bites are very common, but to date there is no complete explanation as to why one out of two people systematically receives more mosquito bites than the other when both are equally accessible. Here we tested the hypothesis that two constituents of skin emanations, 6-methyl-5-heptan-2-one (6-MHO) and geranylacetone (GA), are natural repellents and may account for differential attraction in different ratios. We studied skin emanations from two human subjects, confirmed in behavioral assays that female southern house mosquitoes are significantly more attracted to subject A (attractant) than to subject N (non-attractant), and tested their 6-MHO/GA ratios in a dual-choice olfactometer. Although repelling at high doses, 6-MHO/GA mixtures were not active at the levels emitted by human skin. We found, however, differential attraction elicited by the aldehydes in the ratios produced by subjects A and N. When tested in a dose commensurate with the level released from human skin and in the ratio produced by subject A, the aldehyde mixture significantly attracted mosquitoes. By contrast, an aldehyde mixture at the same ratio released by subject N did not attract mosquitoes. We, therefore, hypothesized that aldehydes may play a role in the commonly observed differential attraction

Assessment of green jobs in Dubai

This paper presents an assessment method for measuring green jobs in Dubai. Firstly, we describe the economic structure of Dubai and identify, which part of the economic sectors can be accounted for as green by international standards. Secondly, we describe the labor market in Dubai and assign the green economy’s activities to the respective labor force. Finally we conclude with a comparison with the literature and an outlook on future development

Linguagem dos alunos e a interaçâo dos conceitos espontâneos e científicos na aprendizagem de matemática

Buscamos identificar características da linguagem produzida por alunos de 1º ano do Ensino Médio de escola pública da cidade de São Paulo na aprendizagem de funções exponenciais e logarítmicas. Focamos os registros de linguagem em transformação e sua relação com a aprendizagem de matemática. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de gravações em sala de aula e fazem parte de pesquisa mais ampla. As análises mostraram a importância do diálogo entre os alunos na construção de conceitos científicos. Verificou-se que no decorrer da atividade o desenvolvimento das falas apontou para uma evolução na generalização dos significados, isto é, na direção dos conceitos científicos

Open Issues and Chances for Topological Pyramids

High resolution image data require a huge amount of computational resources. Image pyramids have shown high performance and flexibility to reduce the amount of data while preserving the most relevant pieces of information, and still allowing fast access to those data that have been considered less important before. They are able to preserve an existing topological structure (Euler number, homology generators) when the spatial partitioning of the data is known at the time of construction. In order to focus on the topological aspects let us call this class of pyramids “topological pyramids”. We consider here four open problems, under the topological pyramids context: The minimality problem of volumes representation, the “contact”-relation representation, the orientation of gravity and time dimensions and the integration of different modalities as different topologies.Austrian Science Fund P20134-N13Junta de Andalucía FQM–296Junta de Andalucía PO6-TIC-0226

The complex understanding of Annexin A1 phosphorylation.

Abstract Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is the first characterized member of the annexins superfamily. It binds the cellular membrane phospholipids in Ca2 + regulated manner. Annexin A1 has been found in several tissues and many physiological roles as hormones secretion, vesiculation, inflammatory response, apoptosis and differentiation have been shown. Its subcellular localization and binding with many partner proteins are altered accordingly with its physiological role. The Annexin A1 membrane localization is crucial for binding to receptors, suggesting a paracrine and juxtacrine extracellular action. Annexin A1 is subjected to several post-translational modifications. In particular the protein is phosphorylated on several residues both on the N-terminal functional domain and on the C-terminus core. Different kinases have been identified as responsible for the phosphorylation status of selective residues. The specific change in the phosphorylation status on the different sites alters ANXA1 localization, binding properties and functions. This review shows the physiological relevance of the ANXA1 phosphorylation leading to the conclusion that numerous and different roles of Annexin A1 could be associated with different phosphorylations to alter not only intracellular localization and bindings to its partners but also the extracellular receptor interactions

A New Compound Heterozygosis For Inactivating Mutations In The Glucokinase Gene As Cause Of Permanent Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus (pndm) In Double-first Cousins

Background: Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus (PNDM) is a rare disorder, characterized by uncontrolled hyperglycemia diagnosed during the first 6 months of life. In general, PNDM has a genetic origin and most frequently it results from heterozygous mutations in KCNJ11, INS and ABCC8 genes. Homozygous or compound heterozygous inactivating mutations in GCK gene as cause of PNDM are rare. In contrast, heterozygosis for GCK inactivating mutations is frequent and results in the maturity-onset diabetes of young (MODY), manifested by a mild fasting hyperglycemia usually detected later in life. Therefore, as an autosomal recessive disorder, GCK-PNDM should be considered in families with history of glucose intolerance or MODY in first relatives, especially when consanguinity is suspected. Results: Here we describe two patients born from non-consanguineous parents within a family. They presented low birth weight with persistent hyperglycemia during the first month of life. Molecular analyses for KCNJ11, INS, ABCC8 did not show any mutation. GCK gene sequencing, however, revealed that both patients were compound heterozygous for two missense combined in a novel GCK-PNDM genotype. The p.Asn254His and p.Arg447Gly mutations had been inherited from their mothers and fathers, respectively, as their mothers are sisters and their fathers are brothers. Parents had been later diagnosed as having GCK-MODY. Conclusions: Mutations' in silico analysis was carried out to elucidate the role of the amino acid changes on the enzyme structure. Both p.Asn254His and p.Arg447Gly mutations appeared to be quite damaging. This is the first report of GCK-PNDM in a Brazilian family.

Vozes de alunos na resolução de potenciação com expoente negativo

Este trabalho é parte de um trabalho mais amplo, uma pesquisa sobre processos de linguagem presentes na aprendizagem de funções exponenciais e logarítmicas. Atividades específicas de potenciação com base racional e expoente negativo foram preparadas na expectativa de que os alunos interagissem entre si e com o professorpesquisador, com o referencial teórico de Bakhtin (2006) principalmente tema, enunciação, significação e réplica. Os discursos esperado de alunos que estão envolvidos com a aprendizagem de funções exponenciais e logarítmicas apoiam-se em grande parte nas técnicas de resolução de operações com potências de mesma base e de divisão de frações. A todo instante é exigido de um aluno que esteja familiarizado com esse tipo de atividade, que tenha conhecimento e domínio sobre operações tais como multiplicação e divisão com potências de mesma base, multiplicação e divisão de frações. Outros autores estudaram erros na aprendizagem de funções exponenciais e logarítmicas como Feltes (2007), Karrer (1999 )Kaststberg (2002). Dos discursos dos alunos, gravados em vídeo, resultaram vozes não estanques como a da técnica e do tecnicismo. Nossas análises permitiram interpretar sinais de evolução da voz do tecnicismo mecanicista, limitado a uma situação concreta, para a voz da técnica, fundamentada na generalização

A review of scale development practices in nonprofit management and marketing

Open access article. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License (CC BY 3.0) appliesWe describe a set of recommended practices for scale development research in nonprofit management and marketing. General process issues are described followed by recommendations for EFA and CFA components of scaling research. Implications for researchers, journal editors and reviewers are discussed.Ye