Normal type-2 Fuzzy Rational B-Spline Curve

In this paper, we proposed a new form of type-2 fuzzy data points(T2FDPs) that is normal type-2 data points(NT2FDPs). These brand-new forms of data were defined by using the definition of normal type-2 triangular fuzzy number(NT2TFN). Then, we applied fuzzification(alpha-cut) and type-reduction processes towards NT2FDPs after they had been redefined based on the situation of NT2FDPs. Furthermore, we redefine the defuzzification definition along with the new definitions of fuzzification process and type-reduction method to obtain crisp type-2 fuzzy solution data points. For all these processes from the defining the NT2FDPs to defuzzification of NT2FDPs, we demonstrate through curve representation by using the rational B-spline curve function as the example form modeling these NT2FDPs

Pengaruh Orientasi Pasar terhadap Kinerja Hotel Berbintang Studi Kasus : Hotel Berbintang di Provinsi DKI Jakarta dan Jawa Barat

Penelitian ini bertuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh orientasi pasar terhadap kinerja pada hotel berbintang di Provinsi DKI Jakarta dan Jawa Barat, adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey dan dilakukan secara sensus terhadap semua hotel berbintang 3, 4, 5 yang berada di Propinsi DKI Jakarta dan Jawa Barat. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Pengaruh orientasi pasar terhadap kinerja hotel adalah 68,8 %

Effect of Groundnut Plant Residues on Germination and Radicle Elongation of Four Crop Species

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) )yield has been reported to decrease by more than 50% with successive croppings. Filtrates from fresh and decomposed groundnut plant residues were bioassyed for their effects on germination and radicle elongation of four crop species. Results obtained indicated that the inhibitory substance(s)present in the residues is soluble in water; heat treatment or prolonged decomposition seemed 10 reduces or possible eliminate the inhibitory activity of the residues. The production of the inhibitor(s) also seem to follow a cycle and may also be associated with changes in pH of the residue filtrates.Delaying D planting of the subsequent crop is suggested as a precaution against poor germination and early growth if plant residue Were incorporated or left on Ihe soilsurface after harvest

Growth inhibition and stimulation by groundnut plant residue

Groundnut plant residue at different placements in the soil was tested for phytotoxic and other effects on the growth and development of groundnut and maize plants. Results indicated that the residue released substances during decomposition that inhibited growth and development of groundnut. Residues mixed with the soil or banded in a layer below the seed was the most inhibitory to the growth of groundnut. However, early maize growth was stimulated by the presence of residue on the soil surface or in the soil

SEM study of the morphology of leaves of four dessert banana cultivars (Musa spp. cv. ‘Intan’, ‘Jari Buaya’, ‘Novaria’ and ‘Raja Udang Merah’) in Malaysia

The leaf surface morphology of four banana cultivars namely, ‘Intan’, ‘Novaria’, ‘Jari Buaya’ and ‘Raja Udang Merah’ was studied using the SEM. Stomatal density differed among the cultivars and between the two leaf surfaces. The abaxial surface had 2–3 fold more stomata/mm2 than the adaxial surface. ‘Jari Buaya’ had the highest stomatal density. Wax layer between the two leaf surfaces also differed. The abaxial surface showed more conspicuous and well-organized wax layer. The stomatal complex of both surfaces was located in a slight depression among the epidermal cells but with the stomatal aperture situated slightly higher than the position of the guard cells. The results are discussed in terms of plant water relations and the effectiveness of fungicide sprays to control leaf diseases

Analisis Pengaruh Motivasi, Pengetahuan, dan Sikap Konsumen terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan dalam Penggunaan Orthodonsi pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri di Kota Palembang

Penelitian dilakukan pada siswa kelas X dan XI SMA Negeri di Kota Palembang yang menggunakan orthodonsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh motivasi, pengetahuan dan sikap konsumen secara parsial dan simultan terhadap pengambilan keputusan dalam penggunaan orthodonsi pada siswa SMA Negeri di Kota Palembang. Desain penelitian yang dipakai adalah konklusif causal dan analisa data menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh SMA Negeri di Kota Palembang yang berjumlah 22 sekolah. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan berdasarkan metode penarikan sampel acak sederhana dengan mengambil 1/3 dari jumlah populasi yaitu 8 (delapan) SMA Negeri di Kota Palembang. Responden berjumlah 305 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner dan jenis data adalah data primer. Teknik skala pengukuran menggunakan skala Likert. Teknik Analisa data menggunakan analisa regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel motivasi berpengaruh terhadap pengambilan keputusan dan secara simultan variabel motivasi (X1), pengetahuan (X2) dan sikap (X3) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengambilan keputusan (Y) dalam penggunaan orthodonsi pada siswa SMA Negeri di Kota Palembang sebesar 68,5%, sedangkan 31,5% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti

Analisis Pengaruh Faktor Nilai, Citra, Kepuasan yang Dirasakan, Layanan Konsumen, Jaminan terhadap Loyalitas Konsumen Kecap ABC di Kota Palembang

This research aimed to 1) reveal how much the effect of value, image, satisfaction, customer services, and warranty on customer loyalty of ABC soya in Palembang, and 2) know dominant variables affecting the customer loyalty of ABC soya in Palembang. The method used in this study was causal method. The number of the samples are 120 respondents. The data collection techniques used are quesionaires, and interviews. And then, analyzed using multiple linier regression with statistical product for special solution (SPSS) for windows version 13,0.This research results indicated that factor of value, image, satisfaction, customer services, and warranty has positive effect on customer loyalty of ABC soya in Palembang that is 34.3%, the rest are caused by the others factor , and partially the factor of satisfaction had a dominant effects on costumer loyalty of ABC soya in Palembang

Germination pattern of three Mangifera species

The germination patterns of three Mangifera species at the seedbed stage were described. Seeds of M. foetida (Bacang), M. odorata (Kuini) and clones of M. indica (Telur, Tangkai Panjang and Sala) were sown vertically with the dorsal edge in the sandy seedbed. Germination and seedling emergence appear to be regulated physically by the fibrous endocarp. The endocarp resistance to seedling emergence consequently resulted in seedling abnormalities, especially in strongly polyembryonic cultivar such as Sala. Seed position during sowing, to a certain extent, may reduce the percentage of occurrence of seedling abnormalities. Seedling height, leaf number and the number of days for the first leaf flush to become green were related to the number of seedlings produced per seed and were cultivar-specific