Perceiving Unknown in Dark from Perspective of Cell Vibration

Low light very likely leads to the degradation of image quality and even causes visual tasks' failure. Existing image enhancement technologies are prone to over-enhancement or color distortion, and their adaptability is fairly limited. In order to deal with these problems, we utilise the mechanism of biological cell vibration to interpret the formation of color images. In particular, we here propose a simple yet effective cell vibration energy (CVE) mapping method for image enhancement. Based on a hypothetical color-formation mechanism, our proposed method first uses cell vibration and photoreceptor correction to determine the photon flow energy for each color channel, and then reconstructs the color image with the maximum energy constraint of the visual system. Photoreceptor cells can adaptively adjust the feedback from the light intensity of the perceived environment. Based on this understanding, we here propose a new Gamma auto-adjustment method to modify Gamma values according to individual images. Finally, a fusion method, combining CVE and Gamma auto-adjustment (CVE-G), is proposed to reconstruct the color image under the constraint of lightness. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to six state of the art methods in avoiding over-enhancement and color distortion, restoring the textures of dark areas and reproducing natural colors. The source code will be released at https://github.com/leixiaozhou/CVE-G-Resource-Base.Comment: 13 pages, 17 figure

Defending against Distributed Denial of Service

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack is currently a serious problem in the Internet. It is characterized by an explicit attempt by an attacker to prevent legitimate users of a service from using the desired resource. The counter measures have been researched for some years, which can be classified into two categories, one is passive, and the other is active. We conclude that most current defense measures are passive, that is, the defense actions are taken only after the DDoS attacks are launched. Therefore, more or less, the target host or network is harmed before the attack source(s) can be found and controlled. Current passive defense techniques and their limitations are analyzed. We discuss some passive mechanisms such as traffic monitoring, filtering, and congestion control. After that, we propose a novel concept of active defense against DDoS attacks. This is a new point of view to treat the problem of defeating the infamous DDoS attacks on the Internet. It has numerous of advantages over conventional passive defense mechanisms. As an example of active defense, we introduce the Distributed Active Defense System (DADS) project at Deakin University. Challenges and future work of active defense against DDoS is discussed in the later part

Using multi-core processors to support network security applications

Multi-core processors represent a major evolution in computing hardware technology. Multi-core provides a network security application with more processing power from the hardware perspective. However, there are still significant software design challenges that must be overcome. In this paper, we present new architecture for multi-core supported network security applications, which aims at providing network security processing without causing performance penalty to normal network operations. We also provide an instance of this architecture – a multi-core supported intrusion detection system based on neural network. While hardware-based parallelisms have shown their advantage on throughput performance, parallelisms based multi-core provides more flexible, high performance, comprehensive, intelligent, and scalable solutions to network security applications

Using multi-core to support security-related applications

This tutorial introduces the challenges of modern security-related applications and the opportunities that multi-core technology brings. We envision that multi-core supported security applications will become the killer applications for next generation personal computers

Protecting information infrastructure from DDoS attacks by MADF

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks have become one of the most serious threats to the information infrastructure. In this paper, we propose a new approach, Mark-Aided Distributed Filtering (MADF), to find the network anomalies by using a back-propagation neural network. The marks in the IP header that are generated by a group of IP traceback schemes called Deterministic Packet Marking (DPM)/Flexible Deterministic Packet Marking (FDPM) assist this process of identifying and filtering attack packets. MADF can detect and filter DDoS attack packets with high sensitivity and accuracy, thus providing high legitimate traffic throughput and low attack traffic throughput

Pervasive computing at tableside : a wireless web-based ordering system

In this paper, we introduce a wireless web-based ordering system called iMenu in restaurant industry. By using wireless devices such as Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) and WebPads, this system realizes the paradigm of pervasive computing at tableside. Detailed system requirement, design, implementation and evaluation of iMenu are presented. While many researchers have explored wireless web-based information systems in different industries, this paper presents a system that employs wireless multi-tiered web-based architecture to build pervasive systems. Instead of discussing theoretical issues on pervasive computing, we focus on practical issues of developing a real system, such as choosing of web-based architecture, design of input methods in small screens, and response time in wireless web-based systems. The evaluation of iMenu shows it increases productivity of restaurant staff. It also has other desirable features such as integration, interoperation and scalability. Compared to traditional restaurant ordering process, by using this system customers get faster and better services, restaurant staff cooperate more efficiently with less working mistakes, and enterprise owners thus receive more business profits

Guest editorial: Security in next generation wireless networks

In the past decades, the evolution of wireless technologies has brought significant changes in modern communication networks through its wireless extension of wired networks. Wireless communications offer organizations and users many benefits such as portability and flexibility, increased productivity, and lower installation costs. However, risks are inherent in any wireless network. As the technologies of next generation wireless networks are emerging, security has become a primary concern in order to provide dependable and secure communication between the wireless nodes in a hostile environment. The next generation wireless networks face many unique challenges in security such as open network architecture, shared wireless medium, limited resource constraints, and highly dynamic network topology. This special issue in Security and Communication Networks presents current research focusing on the standard or protocol related security, attacks and defense applications, security architecture and frameworks, and theories and methodologies in security in next generation wireless networks

Guest editorial: Security in next generation wireless networks

In the past decades, the evolution of wireless technologies has brought significant changes in modern communication networks through its wireless extension of wired networks. Wireless communications offer organizations and users many benefits such as portability and flexibility, increased productivity, and lower installation costs. However, risks are inherent in any wireless network. As the technologies of next generation wireless networks are emerging, security has become a primary concern in order to provide dependable and secure communication between the wireless nodes in a hostile environment. The next generation wireless networks face many unique challenges in security such as open network architecture, shared wireless medium, limited resource constraints, and highly dynamic network topology. This special issue in Security and Communication Networks presents current research focusing on the standard or protocol related security, attacks and defense applications, security architecture and frameworks, and theories and methodologies in security in next generation wireless networks

Managing email overload with an automatic nonparametric clustering approach

Email overload is a recent problem that there is increasingly difficulty people have faced to process the large number of emails received daily. Currently this problem becomes more and more serious and it has already affected the normal usage of email as a knowledge management tool. It has been recognized that categorizing emails into meaningful groups can greatly save cognitive load to process emails and thus this is an effective way to manage email overload problem. However, most current approaches still require significant human input when categorizing emails. In this paper we develop an automatic email clustering system, underpinned by a new nonparametric text clustering algorithm. This system does not require any predefined input parameters and can automatically generate meaningful email clusters. Experiments show our new algorithm outperforms existing text clustering algorithms with higher efficiency in terms of computational time and clustering quality measured by different gauges

Network attacks and defense systems

In recent years there has been significant increase in attacks via wired, wireless and optical transmission platforms, such as DDoS, viruses, worms, spyware, and malware, etc, causing huge economical and social damage. While the network attack systems have become more easy-to-use, sophisticated, and powerful, interest has greatly increased in the field of building more effective, intelligent, and active defense systems which are distributed and networked. Today's network defense systems face significant challenges to provide protection to networks and hosts