Tiempo y eficacia

El modo de vida actual fomenta la instantaneidad y la prisa. En el periodismo, ligado por definición a la noticia y la actualidad, este apresuramiento se hace especialmente palmario, en detrimento, demasiadas veces, del análisis y la reflexión. El periodismo cultural, por la naturaleza de su propio objeto (la cultura, el conocimiento, las artes), aparece como un reducto de libertad de pensamiento y expresión en que la servidumbre a la inmediatez es menor, pero con demasiada frecuencia la industria cultural pesa más que la cultura a secas, y el criterio de oportunidad comercial se impone. El presente artículo analiza esta situación y aboga por valores como la reflexión, la elaboración y la vocación minoritarias como antídoto contra la mercantilización y banalización de la prensa cultural

Analysis of the Machining Process of Titanium Ti6Al-4V Parts Manufactured by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM)

In the current days, the new range of machine tools allows the production of titanium alloy parts for the aeronautical sector through additive technologies. The quality of the materials produced is being studied extensively by the research community. This new manufacturing paradigm also opens important challenges such as the definition and analysis of the optimal strategies for finishing-oriented machining in this type of part. Researchers in both materials and manufacturing processes are making numerous advances in this field. This article discusses the analysis of the production and subsequent machining in the quality of TI6Al4V produced by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM), more specifically Plasma Arc Welding (PAW). The promising results observed make it a viable alternative to traditional manufacturing methods.This research was funded by the vice-counseling of technology, innovation and competitiveness of the Basque Government grant agreement kk-2019/00004 (PROCODA project)

Thread Quality Control in High-Speed Tapping Cycles

Thread quality control is becoming a widespread necessity in manufacturing to guarantee the geometry of the resulting screws on the workpiece due to the high industrial costs. Besides, the industrial inspection is manual provoking high rates of manufacturing delays. Therefore, the aim of this paper consists of developing a statistical quality control approach acquiring the data (torque signal) coming from the spindle drive for assessing thread quality using different coatings. The system shows a red light when the tap wear is critical before machining in unacceptable screw threads. Therefore, the application could reduce these high industrial costs because it can work self-governance.This research was funded by the vice‐counseling of technology, innovation and competitiveness of the Basque Government grant agreements IT‐2005/00201, ZL‐2019/00720 (HARDCRAFT project) and KK‐2019/00004 (PROCODA project)

Tiempo y eficacia

Current lifestyle promotes instantaneity and hastiness. This is especially true for journalism, since it is linked to news and present because of its nature, but too often urgency is detrimental to both analysis and reflexivity. Dedicated to cultura, literatura and arts, cultural journalism appears as a refuge for freedom of thought and expression, and seems to be less subdued to haste. However, cultural industry is usually more powerful tan cultura itself, and commercial interests prevail over quality. This paper analyzes this situation and upholds values such as reflection, well prepared work and elitism as an antidote to mercantilism and triviality in cultural journalism.El modo de vida actual fomenta la instantaneidad y la prisa. En el periodismo, ligado por definición a la noticia y la actualidad, este apresuramiento se hace especialmente palmario, en detrimento, demasiadas veces, del análisis y la reflexión. El periodismo cultural, por la naturaleza de su propio objeto (la cultura, el conocimiento, las artes), aparece como un reducto de libertad de pensamiento y expresión en que la servidumbre a la inmediatez es menor, pero con demasiada frecuencia la industria cultural pesa más que la cultura a secas, y el criterio de oportunidad comercial se impone. El presente artículo analiza esta situación y aboga por valores como la reflexión, la elaboración y la vocación minoritarias como antídoto contra la mercantilización y banalización de la prensa cultural

Characterization of Inconel 718® superalloy fabricated by wire Arc Additive Manufacturing: effect on mechanical properties and machinability

Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing has the potential to become an appropriate technique to produce large complex-shaped metallic parts. However, a post-processing machining operation is necessary to reach the final geometry. In this work, Inconel 718 walls were manufactured in a monitored environment and their microstructure and mechanical properties were characterised. Then, slot milling operations were performed to investigate the influence of cutting speed and machining direction. The conclusions drawn from this article can be used as a guide for a correct definition of strategies and milling parameters. It was observed that at higher cutting speeds a better surface quality and lower torques are obtained. Moreover, the main novelty of this work is that is shows the influence of the anisotropy of WAAM-Inconel 718 on its machinability. Milling along the torch's travel direction offers better dimensional tolerance values with lower cutting torques, being more favourable than machining in the building direction.The authors acknowledge the Basque Government for financing the HARIPLUS, HAZITEK 2019 program (ZL-2019/00352) and QUALYFAM project [kk-2020/00042]. The authors are also thankful to the Basque government for supporting the Basque university group on Advanced manufacturing ref: IT1337-19

Oversizing Thread Diagnosis in Tapping Operation

Automotive, railway and aerospace sectors require a high level of quality on the thread profiles in their manufacturing systems knowing that the tapping process is a complex manufacturing process and the last operation in a manufacturing cell. Therefore, a multivariate statistical process control chart, for each tap, is presented based on the principal components of the torque signal directly measured from spindle motor drive to diagnosis the thread profile quality. This on-line multivariate control chart has implemented an alarm to avoid defected screw threads (oversized). Therefore, it could work automatically without any operator intervention assessing the thread quality and the safety is guaranteed during the tapping process.This research was funded by the vice-counselling of technology, innovation and competitiveness of the Basque Government grant agreements IG-2011/0000392, ZL-2019/00720 (HARDCRAFT project) and KK-2019/00004 (PROCODA project). The work done in this paper has also received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement no. 723698 (ForZDM). Besides, this project, called IDI-20100674, was supported by the Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology answering to the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (Spanish Government)

The Human Development Index (HDI) and the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) 2013-2017: analysis of social conflict and populism in Europe

This paper proposes a statistical model for identifying which contexts favour the growth of populism in European democracies by analysing the relationship between the Human Development Index (HDI) and the Corruption Perception Index (CPI). With the aid of United Nations (UN), Transparency International Organization and Institute for Global Change data for the years 2013-2017, and after applying statistical convergence, our study identifies different clusters of European democracies where populism has grown after serious episodes of social conflict in the wake of one of the most important financial and economic crises in recent history. The study’s findings provide new insights which help to identify weaknesses in democracies where populist parties could grow

The hidden link between entrepreneurship and military education

Nowadays, military service is mandatory in twenty-nine countries around the world. This military education develops abilities on strategy, teamwork and networking and encourages values such as loyalty, effort, and well- done work. Israel is a clear example of this behavior due to its sociocultural, educative, linguistic and policy dimensions which allow it to develop a competitive strategy based on startups with high potential growth (Haour, 2005). Authors such as Kerrick et al. (2016), Hansemark (2003) and Hatten and Ruhland (1995) show empirical results about the relationship between entrepreneurial education and its impact on entrepreneurship during adulthood. Other authors identify behaviors such as self-efficacy and a passion for inventing, founding and developing skills which could be learnt in different educational scenarios such as in the military (Dinnar and Susskind, 2019). The aim of this paper is to study the link between military education and entrepreneurship. Using a sample frame from the World Military Guide (WMG) and the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), we analyze variables associated with entrepreneurial activity and entrepreneurial training in 42 countries worldwide for the period 2013–2018, of which 13 countries have mandatory military service. The study shows that mandatory military service does not predispose to greater entrepreneurial activity compared to other countries where military service is not mandatory

The value of entrepreneurship by gender on regional behaviour

This paper examines how the value of entrepreneurship by gender is related to regional behaviour. Researchers have traditionally defined entrepreneurial organization as separate to gender and to economic growth. Using the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) we complete a dataset of 50 countries using variables such as total early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA) and opportunity-driven entrepreneurial activity (OPP). The methodology used proposes an analysis of regional convergence, comparing the evolution over time of both the rate of entrepreneurial activity and the ratios of opportunity-driven and need-driven entrepreneurial activity, distinguishing by gender. On the other hand, a regression model is proposed that explains the greater presence of female entrepreneurship. The results show that entrepreneurship by gender is an important factor to define different cluster of countries according to how men and women entrepreneurs create new economic opportunities

Longevity trends in entrepreneurial activity: an analysis of the characteristics of senior entrepreneurship in Spain

Purpose Over the last decades, the development of entrepreneurial activity has allowed greater growth and economic development in Spain. However, within the analysis of Spanish entrepreneurial dynamics, insufficient attention has been paid to a key group: senior entrepreneurs. The fact that the first two decades of the 21st century have been accompanied by the two worst economic crises in remembrance since the Great Depression of the 1930s has had a great impact on the professional careers of the group of senior workers, whose careers have been cut short due to the closure of companies. In this way, the present work delves into the reality of senior entrepreneurs in Spain, analyzing the main characteristics of this group, which is becoming increasingly important in society. Design/methodology/approach Using microdata from the Spanish National Statistics Institute's Labour Force Survey, the study focuses on reference persons who, being 50 years of age or over and actively working, work as an entrepreneur and have started their activity in the last 12 months. The study covers, in turn, the analysis period of the fourth quarters from 2005 to 2020. In relation to the methodology, the work focuses on the use of binary logistic regression techniques, given that the phenomenon to be studied is binary in nature: entrepreneurship or not. Findings The main conclusions drawn are the importance of sociodemographic factors such as educational level, age, the profession of the couple as well as the fact of having or not having children. The sector of activity and region are also significant. It is also concluded that senior entrepreneurship in Spain is of a necessary nature, considering the evolution of unemployment and decisions based on pension reform. Research limitations/implications The main limitations of the study refer to the lack of socioeconomic information. Thus, it would be interesting to know the link among the sociodemographic characteristics and the economic situation of the professionals, as well as the fact of whether they have started from a previous situation of unemployment or employment. Practical implications The obtained conclusions allow progress to be made in the generation of economic policies aimed at the professional reorientation of a group of workers who, due to labor market circumstances, are obliged to end long professional careers and to seek alternatives. In fact, entrepreneurship is a viable professional alternative for these professionals. Originality/value Despite the importance of senior professionals in the Spanish economy, more research is needed on their characteristics and needs. Despite important studies such as Socci et al . (2020) or Perez-Encinas et al . (2021), there are not many studies for the Spanish reality. This paper seeks to deepen the understanding of the sociodemographic characteristics of Spanish senior entrepreneurs, based on current public information and considering different stages of the economic cycle