EXAMINING LUNG CANCER DISPARITIES AND RISK FACTORS IN WISCONSIN, USA (2016-2020)

Studies over the United States has shown that disparity still exists in lung cancer mortality. Such disparity has been attributed to several risk factors such as genetics, socio-economic status, comorbidities, amongst others. This study investigates the spatial variations in lung cancer mortality rates in Wisconsin, USA, through analyzing county-level data from the Center for Disease Control (CDC) and National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER). Emphasis is placed on exploring the relationship between access to lung cancer services, socio-economic factors, and lung cancer mortality rate, utilizing American Community Survey and County ranking data. Scan Statistics (SaTScan) was used to identify mortality clusters, while regression analysis was employed to assess relationships between socio-economic factors and lung cancer mortality rate. The results reveal potential spatial patterns, indicating disparities and risks, with high relative risk cluster predominant in the Northern counties. In addition, poverty and smoking remain the major socio-economic factors contributing to lung cancer disparities in the state. Lastly, the result of the study also suggests that there is disparity in access to lung cancer screening sites in counties across Wisconsin, with southeastern part of Wisconsin having more access than other regions

EXAMINING LUNG CANCER DISPARITIES AND RISK FACTORS IN WISCONSIN, USA (2016-2020)

Studies over the United States has shown that disparity still exists in lung cancer mortality. Such disparity has been attributed to several risk factors such as genetics, socio-economic status, comorbidities, amongst others. This study investigates the spatial variations in lung cancer mortality rates in Wisconsin, USA, through analyzing county-level data from the Center for Disease Control (CDC) and National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER). Emphasis is placed on exploring the relationship between access to lung cancer services, socio-economic factors, and lung cancer mortality rate, utilizing American Community Survey and County ranking data. Scan Statistics (SaTScan) was used to identify mortality clusters, while regression analysis was employed to assess relationships between socio-economic factors and lung cancer mortality rate. The results reveal potential spatial patterns, indicating disparities and risks, with high relative risk cluster predominant in the Northern counties. In addition, poverty and smoking remain the major socio-economic factors contributing to lung cancer disparities in the state. Lastly, the result of the study also suggests that there is disparity in access to lung cancer screening sites in counties across Wisconsin, with southeastern part of Wisconsin having more access than other regions

Current Status, Emerging Challenges, and Future Prospects of Industrial Symbiosis in Africa

AbstractThe concept of industrial symbiosis have contributed to the achievement of a circular economy—a production and consumption model that promotes sustainability and also benefits countries economically, socially, and environmentally. There exists a variety of literature that highlights several cases of the application of industrial symbiosis in different geographical locations of the world. However, only a few of these studies have investigated its prevalence in Africa. Therefore, the goal of this study is to analyze the few cases of industrial symbiosis in Africa, highlight the current status, the current regulatory context, the challenges to the implementation of this model, and propose new paths for industrial symbiosis in Africa. The study carried out shows that there exists good potential for industrial symbiosis to thrive in Africa, owing to the type of economic activities and the waste generated in Africa. It also shows that if industrial symbiosis is implemented on a larger scale, it would contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions, reduce waste, and help Africa make more efficient use of its resources. However, for this to become a reality, concrete, well-thought-out actions must be taken at various levels to encourage all organizations to develop great synergy. Providing specific Industrial symbiosis-focused legislative frameworks, funding intervention from the government, and involvement of the government in the implementation of concise action plans are some aspects that can help increase the prospects of industrial symbiosis in African countries.</jats:p