PREVALENCE, DISTRIBUTION AND DETERMINANTS OF ESCHERICHIA COLI RESISTANCE TO CEFTRIAXONE IN ADULT INDOOR UTI POPULATION OF DISTRICT PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN

Background: Escherichia coliresistance to ceftriaxone in UTIs is an emerging health problem.Our objectives were to determine prevalence, distribution and determinants of E. coliresistance to ceftriaxone in adult indoor UTI population of District Peshawar, Pakistan. Materials &amp; Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan from 1st January 2017 to 30th June 2017. 380 UTIs cases were selected from population at riskconsecutively.Sex and age groups were demographic, while presence of E. coli resistance to ceftriaxone was research variable. All variables were nominal.Prevalenceand distribution were analyzed by count, percentage and confidence intervals for proportion for population. Hypotheses for distribution were substantiated by chi-square goodness-of-fit and of association by chi-square test of association. Results: Out of 380 patients with UTI, 136 (35.80%) were men,244(64.20%) women, 262 (68.95%) in age group 18-45 years and 118 (31.05%) in age group 46-65 years. Frequency/ prevalence of E. coli resistance was 287/380 (75.53%, 95%CI 71.20-79.85). Out of 287 patients with E. coli resistance to ceftriaxone, 101 (26.58%) were men and 186 (48.95%) women, 198 (52.11%) in age group 18-45 years and 89 (23.42%) in age group 46-65 years. Our prevalence of E. coli resistance to ceftriaxone was higher than expected (p&lt;.00001), our distribution by sex(p&lt;.00125) and age groups (p&lt;.00001) were different than expected. Presence of E. coli resistance to ceftriaxone was not associated to sex (p=.669333) and age groups (p=.975097). Conclusion:Prevalence of E. coli resistance to ceftriaxone in adult UTI population of District Peshawar, Pakistan was alarmingly high 75.53%. Prevalence was more in women than men and more in younger age group (18-45 years) than older age group (46-60 years) population.Overall prevalence of E. coli resistance to ceftriaxone was higher than expected. Distribution by sex showed higher prevalence than expected in men and lower than expected in women, and higher than expected in younger age group and lower than expected in older age group. Presence of E. coli resistance to ceftriaxone was not associated to sex and age groups respectively in adult UTI population of District Peshawar, Pakistan.</jats:p

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In XVII Biennial Animal Nutrition conference on “Nutritional Challenges for Raising Productivity to Improve Farm Economy”, February 1-3, 2018, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India. 446p.Not AvailableNot Availabl

Impact of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy on Body Weight in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Aim: To determine the impact of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure therapy on body weight in Obstructive Sleep Apnea patients and assess the relationship between the weight change and other associated symptoms of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Methods: From a Tertiary care Hospital, Karachi we enrolled 184 Obstructive Sleep Apnea patients of both gender with age more than 18 years of whom 92 patients were exposed to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure while 92 patients were not exposed. In a pre-and post-treatment, information on height, weight, Body mass Index, and neck circumference were recorded. Sleep score was evaluated through Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Results: Results revealed that CPAP effects on weight and BMI. 24% of participants exposed with CPAP gained weight (p=0.03) whereas 72% of participants reduced the weights (p=0.004). The paired t-test showed the mean difference of 3.53±7.5kg (mean±SD, p-value: 0.00). The multivariate analysis showed that CPAP lessens the poor concentration (OR: -4.852; p-value: &lt;0.001), decreases daytime sleepiness (OR: -3.91; p-value: &lt;0.001) and the persons who used dietary plan with CPAP therapy were 6.3 times (p-value: &lt;0.001) more likely to change the weight. Conclusion: The weight of the patient changes with the treatment of OSA after taking a minimum of six months of CPAP therapy. The frequency of weight change in this study population was directed toward weight loss. Elimination of OSA symptoms is directly linked with weight reduction. Keywords: Obstructive sleep apnea, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure therapy, Bodyweight.</jats:p