Democracy in Global Environmental Governance: Issues, Interests, and Actors in the Mekong and the Rhine

Globalization and Governance: The Prospects for Democracy, Symposiu

Democracy in Global Environmental Governance: Issues, Interests, and Actors in the Mekong and the Rhine

Globalization and Governance: The Prospects for Democracy, Symposiu

Globalization and the Institutional Dynamics of Global Environmental Governance

This paper is concerned with globalization and the institutional dynamics of global environmental governance. How do the phenomena of globalization shape the study of the institutional dimensions of global environmental governance, and how do these phenomena influence the practicality of law and state-centric politics? These questions guide the direction of this paper and its aim to advance theories and research methods for the study of the dynamics of institutions for governance. By synthesizing the conceptual findings of the literature, this paper develops an analytical framework of globalization and analytical themes to advance the systematic study of the dynamics of institutions, which are inherent in the design, function, and effectiveness of international and global environmental institutions and governance

Active tectonics and earthquake potential of the Myanmar region

This paper describes geomorphologic evidence for the principal neotectonic features of Myanmar and its immediate surroundings. We combine this evidence with published structural, geodetic, and seismic data to present an overview of the active tectonic architecture of the region and its seismic potential. Three tectonic systems accommodate oblique collision of the Indian plate with Southeast Asia and extrusion of Asian territory around the eastern syntaxis of the Himalayan mountain range. Subduction and collision associated with the Sunda megathrust beneath and within the Indoburman range and Naga Hills accommodate most of the shortening across the transpressional plate boundary. The Sagaing fault system is the predominant locus of dextral motion associated with the northward translation of India. Left-lateral faults of the northern Shan Plateau, northern Laos, Thailand, and southern China facilitate extrusion of rocks around the eastern syntaxis of the Himalaya. All of these systems have produced major earthquakes within recorded history and continue to present major seismic hazards in the region

Simulated Toothbrushing Wear of Different Composite Resin Restorative Materials

Abstract - This study evaluated surface roughness after simulated toothbrushing of five commercial composite resin restorative materials: one microhybrid: Denfil; one Ormocer: Admira; two nanohybrids: Grandio and Ceram X mono; and one Giomer: Beautifil II. Cylindrical specimens of five composite resin (n=12 for each material) were used. All samples were brushed for 200 min with dentifricewater slurry in a simulated toothbrushing machine. This period is clinically equal to two years age of toothbrushing. Before and after simulated toothbrushing wear parameters for surface roughness (Ra, µm) were determined by a surface profilometer respectively. The data was statistically analyzed by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post hoc test to evaluate the difference among the tested materials and Paired Sample T test to evaluate the surface roughness changes after simulated toothbrushing. And then, comparing the surface roughness among the tested materials: Denfil, Admira, Grandio, Ceram X mono and Beautiful II. SEM observation was doneto evaluate the changes in surface topography of all tested composite resin materials before and after simulated toothbrushing. The mean percentages for surface roughness, initial surface roughness means ranged from 0.2081 (0.0672), 0.1571 (0.0294), 0.1977 (0.0642), 0.1977 (0.0679), and 0.1822 (0.0641) for Denfil, Admira, Grandio, CeramX mono, and Beautifil II respectively to 0.3072 (0.0957), 0.2331 (0.0489), 0.2315 (0.0705), 0.2252 (0.0880), and 0.1995 (0.0605) after testing. After simulated toothbrushing, statistically significant change in weight loss and surface roughness was detected in all tested materials (p<0.01). The results of this study suggested that some important general relationships exist between the compositions, microstructures and mechanical properties of tested composite resins. The analysis of differences before and after the simulated toothbrushing may provide some further basis for a rational choice of the most appropriate composite resin material from wearing aspect

Interactive Learning Paper Model of Inguinal Canal

The inguinal region is one of the most complex anatomic areas of human body even though it has been the subject of great interest to anatomists and surgeons because of its clinical importance. The aims of the study are to: 1. provide a simplification and in-depth understanding of the complex and confusing inguinal canal anatomy. 2. incorporate time-effective method in learning. 3. provide revision for coursework at any time and place. This study took place during the 2008–2009 academic year. The anatomical diagrams were prepared with the Microsoft word 2007 and printed on three A-4 papers. The inguinal canal was constructed using ordinary scissors and glue. The efficacy of the model construction is evaluated by testing 10 questions regarding the anatomy of inguinal canal before(pre-test) and after(post-test) doing the construction. The 5-point scale questionnaire was used to elicit the students’ views on different teaching methods in our university. The questionnaire with free comments section was completed by 62 second-year medical students (response rate 60.19%). Ninety six students performed the construction with most completing it within one hour. Scores on the anatomy pre-test and post-test were compared. The mean pre-test score was 8.406/10 and the mean post-test score was 9.309 /10. It was found that there was a significant increase in post-test score (P.05) in the 5-points scale questionnaire. We concluded that the 3-D paper model provides the opportunity to learn and correlate the spatial relations among the inguinal structures in a short period of time especially when taking constraints of time and the availability of other resources into account. Moreover, this model is inexpensive and easy to construct and a valuable supplement to conventional teaching methods

Interactive Learning Paper Model of Inguinal Canal

The inguinal region is one of the most complex anatomic areas of human body even though it has been the subject of great interest to anatomists and surgeons because of its clinical importance. The aims of the study are to: 1. provide a simplification and in-depth understanding of the complex and confusing inguinal canal anatomy. 2. incorporate time-effective method in learning. 3. provide revision for coursework at any time and place. This study took place during the 2008–2009 academic year. The anatomical diagrams were prepared with the Microsoft word 2007 and printed on three A-4 papers. The inguinal canal was constructed using ordinary scissors and glue. The efficacy of the model construction is evaluated by testing 10 questions regarding the anatomy of inguinal canal before(pre-test) and after(post-test) doing the construction. The 5-point scale questionnaire was used to elicit the students’ views on different teaching methods in our university. The questionnaire with free comments section was completed by 62 second-year medical students (response rate 60.19%). Ninety six students performed the construction with most completing it within one hour. Scores on the anatomy pre-test and post-test were compared. The mean pre-test score was 8.406/10 and the mean post-test score was 9.309 /10. It was found that there was a significant increase in post-test score (P.05) in the 5-points scale questionnaire. We concluded that the 3-D paper model provides the opportunity to learn and correlate the spatial relations among the inguinal structures in a short period of time especially when taking constraints of time and the availability of other resources into account. Moreover, this model is inexpensive and easy to construct and a valuable supplement to conventional teaching methods