Preoperative decompression in treatment of large cystic lesions of the jaws

The cysts of the jaws are a common pathological process in the human organism.The aim of this study is to discuss the perspective effect of the treatment of large mandibular cysts, in which we have applied decompression as the first stage of their operative treatment.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subjects of the study are 11 patients with large cystic lesions of the mandible. We used the decompression method as the first stage of their operative treatment.RESULTS: The effect of the decompression was monitored radiologically. Changes in the size of the lesion and the bone density were noticed

Diagnostic challenges of burning mouth syndrome

This survey presents some modern diagnostic approaches to a painful pathology of oral cavity defined as burning mouth syndrome (BMS). Absence of relevant clinical and laboratory signs hampers the diagnosis and results in delayed proper treatment. Clinicians should distinguish between primary and secondary BMS. Laboratory examinations include haematological screening, salivary analyses, epicutaneous and microbiological tests. Psychological assessments and autonomic nervous system testing play a diagnostic and differential-diagnostic role, too. Application of an interdisciplinary diagnostic approach is justified.Scripta Scientifica Medica 2013; 45(1): 12-16

Fine needle aspiration biposy in the diagnosis of head and neck neoplasms: Literature review

Диагностиката и лечението на различни заболявания в областта на главата и шията е пряко обвързана с морфологични доказателства. Всеки от начините за набавяне на клетъчен материал има своите предимства и недостатъци. Образуванията в областта на главата и шията са често недостъпни за инцизионна биопсия, поради дълбочината на разположението им, a също и близостта на малки по размер, но важни по функция анатомични структури. Това прави тънкоиглената аспирационна биопсия (ТАБ) често използван, минимално инвазивен метод за извличане на клетъчен материал.The diagnosis and treatment of various diseases in the head and neck region is directly related to morphological proof. Every method of acquiring cell material has its advantages and shortcomings. Neoplasms in the head and neck region are often inaccesible for incisional biopsy, due to their deep location and close proximity to small, but with important function, anatomical structures. This makes the fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) a frequently used, minimally invasive method for extraction of cell material

The effect of LLLT on the hard and soft tissues of the jaw bones

Introduction: Dental implantology is developing rapidly. Surgical procedures related to this type of therapy require a long recovery period. The application of regeneration-stimulating procedures would reduce this period.   Aim: The aim of this study is to present the results of modern research on the stimulating effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) on bone recovery and on the treatment of soft tissues.Material: An extensive analysis is made of the results in 28 literature sources on the interaction between LLLT and implant osseointegration and the quality of the surrounding soft tissues. Conclusion: Laser irradiation has a broad impact spectrum on tissues and a single overexposure or lower level exposure may change significantly clinical results. Adopting the appropriate method of stimulation is of major importance.

Contemporary management of Burning Mouth Syndrome

Burning mouth syndrome is characterized by a bilateral burning sensation in the oral mucosa and perioral areas, taste disorders, oral dryness and absent objective findings. It is difficult to diagnose and manage as well. Three main therapeutic approaches are nowadays used: behavioural interventions, topical medications and systemic medications. The first one includes cognitive behavioural therapy, group psychotherapy and electroconvulsive therapy. Topical drugs belong to several groups such as benzodiazepines, anesthetics, atypical analgesics, tricyclic antidepressants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antimicrobials and mucosal protectors. System drugs additionally include anticonvulsants, selective inhibitors the reuptake of serotonin and norepinepherine, antioxidants, dopamine agonists, histamine-2 receptor antagonists, herbal medicines and salivary stimulants as well. Lowenergy laser therapy can be successfully applied, too

Photodynamic inactivation of human dental biofilm Isolated Streptococcus Mutans With 2 Photosensitizers - an In Vitro Study

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to compare the in vitro antimicrobial effect of 2 photosensitizers: Fo­toSan® medium and ZnPcMe on Streptococcus mutans - biofilm isolated clinical stainMATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve patients were instructed to restrain from oral hygiene for 24 hours. Plaque was collected with sterile dental floss, placed in a vial containing 3ml of BFS. Ten-fold dilu­tions of the suspension were made. 0.1ml Samples were plated on Mitis Salivarius agar (1). Bacteria were Gram stained as well and underwent morphological identification. A bacterial suspension at a density of 106 cells/ml. was used. An incubation mixture of 1 ml. bacterial suspension (106 Cl./ml.) and the corresponding PS was prepared, achieving a different final concentration of PS. LED light source with a wavelength of 643 nm was used for irradiation. Samples and controls for each tested PS after 24 h incubation at 37 º C were re­ported.RESULTS: The control samples in dark showed a minor antimicrobial effect. Samples of bacterial suspen­sion + PS + light irradiation expressed a pronounced antibacterial effect on Streptococcus mutans with small differences in the 2 tested PSs.CONCLUSIONS: The clinical strain Streptococcus mutans was susceptible to photodynamic inactivation by the two used photosensitizers: FotoSan® medium and ZnPcMe. Dark toxicity is to be neglected. ZnPcMe should undergo further trials and given the positive photodynamic effect in vitro, to be licensed for clinical use. FotoSan®medium should undergo further in vivo and in vitro experiments in order to establish an al­ternative protocol for caries prevention

Sialoendoscopic treatment of parotid gland diseases

In the present survey, the emergence of parotid gland endoscopy or sialoendoscopy as well as the most recent achievements of this minimally invasive technique for safe and effective treatment of salivary gland diseases are discussed. The results from some meta-analyses in this interdisciplinary field are briefly presented. The clinical applications of interventional sialoendoscopy in patients with chronic parotitis, in adults and children as well as with salivary gland stones are briefly presented

Diagnostic approach to the incorrect position of lower second premolars

Abstract: The lower second premolar is regarded as the third most common impacted tooth after lower wisdom teeth and upper canines. The aim of the present study is to apply objective diagnostic methods to help determine the impaction likelihood of lower second premolars and their distal inclination. For the purpose of this study 137 panoramic radiographs (OPGs) have been examined of children aged 8 - 16 years. The methodology used in this study helped measure the inclination and angle between the lower second premolar and the crown and axis of the first permanent molar and the mandibular plane. Prevalence of the distal inclination of lower second premolars was observed. Indicators for the impacted lower second premolar proved to be the germ inclination of the lower fifth tooth in relation to the first molar of more than 30° and the intersection of the crown of the sixth tooth by the axis of premolar as well as the inclination towards the mandibular plane of less than 68°. Early extraction of deciduous molars, reserving or creating space when there is a lack of space, allow for favourable conditions for altering the eruption path of the premolar

GaAlAs phototherapy for tension and compression related temporomandibular disorders

Introduction: The aim of this study is to evaluate the distribution of the most common etiological factors responsible for the development of chronic temporomandibular disorders, and to test the pain - relief effectiveness of combined gallium-aluminum-arsenide laser (GaAlAs; 785 nm) and superluminiscent diods (SLD; 633 nm) phototherapy (MedX 1100 device) for most common tension and compression pain-related diagnostic subgroups of chronic temporomandibular disorders. Material and methods: This study includes 62 patients - 7 men and 55 women, aged between 21-74 years with clinical signs and symptoms of chronic temporomandibular joint and myofascial pain. Using DC/TMD instruments the most common causative factors were identified, and part of the TMDs assessed were classified to tension and compression related diagnostic subgroups. Trigger point oriented combination of laser (MedX 1100 console with three GaAlAs laser diodes, 785 nm, 3x33 mW, 100 s, 8 J/cm 2 per spot) and SLD red light sessions (633 nm, 200 mW, 300 s, 8 J/cm 2 per spot) was applied for temporomandibular joints and affected muscles.Results and conclusion: Using descriptive analysis and paired samples Student`s t-test, the most statistically manifested pain reduction is found for Arthralgia attributed to Tension-related TMDs (Subluxations, Dislocations, Sprain and strain of joints, ligaments and TMJ - related structures, Flexion-extension injuries; p=0,000001), followed by Myalgia for the same disorders (p=0,000014), followed by Arthralgia attributed to Compression-related TMDs (bruxism, psychosomatic parafunctions, occlusal microtrauma, dentofacial anomalies and malocclusions, p=0,000037), and Myalgia attributed to the same TMDs (p=0,000808). This study shows that combined phototherapy provides statistically significant reduction of pain symptoms for the most common temporomandibular disorders, and that Arthralgia and Myalgia attributed to tension-related disorders are better influenced by combined phototherapy than compression-related ones

Мandibular range of motion and its relation to temporomandibular disorders

Introduction. One of the most important signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is deviation or restriction in the mandibular range of motion. Limited or increased movement is considered as a sign of dysfunction, so measurement and evaluation of mandibular movement ranges are considered important parameters within the clinical examination and a significant component in the treatment and follow up of the temporomandibular disorders.Material and methods. A total of 34 articles are included in this comprehensive review of the relevant studies on mandibular range of motion related to temporomandibular disorders. This review provides summarized clinical and cephalometric analyses focused on the three planes of the mandibular range of motion used in all classifications and diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders.Results and conclusion. The majority of the studies show variations in the degree of mandibular movements in patients with TM pathology. This review of the literature presents a synthesized version of the basic parameters of the mandibular movements that can be considered in the diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders in accordance with the postulates of the relevant research and diagnostic criteria