New Pyridinium Ylide Dyes for Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Applications

Novel organic pyridinium ylide sensitizers (NO109–111) consisting of various anchoring groups were synthesized and characterized for applications in dye sensitized solar cells. Compared with the pyridine-<i>N</i>-oxide dye (NO108), the ylide sensitizers with strong electron-withdrawing acceptors exhibited dominant ultraviolet absorption properties and efficient binding abilities to the TiO₂ surface. Among these dyes, the pyridinium ylide NO111 sensitized solar cell showed the highest efficiency (5.15%), which was improved to 7.41% by employing coadsorbent chenodeoxycholic acid

Tcf-4 knockdown suppresses Wnt signaling in colon cancer cells.

<p>SW480 and HCT116 cells were treated with adenoviruses (50 MOI) carrying shRNA. <b>a</b>, At 24 h post-infection, the cells were cotransfected with reporter genes harboring Tcf-4 binding sites (TOPflash) or a mutant Tcf-binding site (FOPflash), respectively, together with pRL-TK. Luciferase activity was determined 24 h post-transfection, normalized against values for the corresponding pRL-TK activity. Values represent means ± s.d. of three independent experiments. *<i>P</i><0.01 versus control shRNA. <b>b</b>, At 48 h post-infection, cells were harvested and protein expression was determined by western blot.</p

Effect of adenovirus-mediated transduction of shRNA on the expression of β-catenin and Tcf-4 in colon cancer cells.

<p>SW480 and HCT116 cells were treated with different multiplicity of infection (MOI) of adenovirus carrying shRNA. Samples were collected at 48 h post-infection. Western blot analysis of cell lysates for the protein expression of β-catenin (a) and Tcf-4 (b).</p

Tcf-4 knockdown is more effective at enhancing chemosensitivity than β-catenin knockdown in colon cancer cells.

<p>Cells were infected with adenoviruses (50 MOI) carrying shRNA; 48 h post-infection, cells were treated with 5-FU or oxaliplatin at various concentrations for 72 h. The cell viability was determined using an MTT assay. Bar graphs represent the mean values of triplicate determinations ± s.d.</p

Additional file 1: of Effect of vitamin A supplementation on gut microbiota in children with autism spectrum disorders - a pilot study

Differential feature plots meaning for LEfSe. (DOCX 11 kb

Tcf-4 knockdown is more effective at inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis than β-catenin knockdown in colon cancer cells.

<p>Cells were treated with adenoviruses (50 MOI) carrying shRNA for 24 h. <b>a,</b> Cell proliferation was determined using a colony formation assay. <b>b,</b> Cell apoptosis was determined using Annexin-V-FITC staining. <b>c</b>, The expression of proapoptotic enzyme caspase-3 was determined by western blot. Each data point represents the mean ± s.d. of three or more independent determinations. *<i>P</i><0.01 versus control shRNA; ^#<i>P</i><0.05 versus β-catenin shRNA; ^##<i>P</i><0.01 versus β-catenin shRNA.</p

Tcf-4 knockdown enhances FOXO4 activity in colon cancer cells.

<p>SW480 and HCT116 cells were treated with adenoviruses (50 MOI) carrying shRNA. Samples were collected at 48 h post-infection. The protein level of FOXO4, phosphorylated FOXO4 S193, p27Kip1, and MnSOD was determined by western blot.</p

The detailed distribution of enterovirus types in each province.

<p>EV, enterovirus; CV, coxsackievirus; ECV, echovirus.</p

The composition of the enteroviruses types in the children with HFMD in each sampling month and region.

<p>The composition of the enteroviruses types in the children with HFMD in each sampling month and region.</p

Phylogenetic trees were constructed from the VP1 nucleotide sequences of CV-A6 using neighbor-joining method with 1000 bootstrap by CLC genomics workbench.

<p>The tree was based on the 552 bp VP1 nucleotide sequences of CV-A6 (nt 2441–2992, responding to AY421764). The strains labeled with green dot were obtained in our study.</p