Multiferroic Nanohybrid MAPbI₃/P3HT Nanowire Complex

Room-temperature multiferroic effects in organic materials have brought more attention in the area of organic spintronics and organic electronics in recent years. In this work, through fabricating MAPbI₃/P3HT nanowire nanohybrid complex, the mechanisms of room-temperature ferromagnetism and magnetoelectric coupling are studied. The MAPbI₃ layer provides substantial photogenerated carriers charging into the nw-P3HT layer, where the P3HT nanowire structure induces carrier spins aligning to generate room temperature ferromagnetism. Through controlling the strength of external electric field, magnetization of the MAPbI₃/P3HT nanowire complex is modified due to the electric field driven carrier spins redistribution. Additionally, photon spin of circularly polarized light could interact with electron spin in organic multiferroics to enhance saturation magnetization at room temperature

Inverse Design of Next-Generation Superconductors Using Data-Driven Deep Generative Models

Finding new superconductors with a high critical temperature (Tc) has been a challenging task due to computational and experimental costs. We present a diffusion model inspired by the computer vision community to generate new superconductors with unique structures and chemical compositions. Specifically, we used a crystal diffusion variational autoencoder (CDVAE) along with atomistic line graph neural network (ALIGNN) pretrained models and the Joint Automated Repository for Various Integrated Simulations (JARVIS) superconducting database of density functional theory (DFT) calculations to generate new superconductors with a high success rate. We started with a DFT data set of ∼1000 superconducting materials to train the diffusion model. We used the model to generate 3000 new structures, which along with pretrained ALIGNN screening results in 61 candidates. For the top candidates, we performed DFT calculations for validation. Such approaches go beyond funnel-like materials screening approaches and allow for the inverse design of next-generation materials

Using buffers in trust aware relay selection networks with spatially random relays

It is well recognized that using buffers in relay networks significantly improves the transmission reliability, which is often at the price of higher packet delay. Existing buffer-aided relay networks are all based on the physical links among cooperative nodes. This may however lead to performance degradation in practice, because that cooperative nodes may not trust each other for cooperation even though their physical connection are strong. In this paper, we propose a novel buffer-aided relay selection scheme to align data transmission with both strong and trusted links. By maintaining the buffer lengths as close as possible to the newly introduced target buffer lengths, the proposed scheme is able to balance the outage performance and packet delay. Both the outage probability and average packet delay are analyzed for spatially random relays. Particularly we show that outage performance may have error floors because of the trusts. The analysis shows that using buffers in trust aware relay networks is able to either increase the diversity order or lower the error floor of the outage probability

Using Buffers in Trust Aware Relay Selection Networks with Spatially Random Relays

IEEE It is well recognized that using buffers in relay networks significantly improves the transmission reliability, which is often at the price of higher packet delay. Existing buffer-aided relay networks are all based on the physical links among cooperative nodes. This may however lead to performance degradation in practice, because that cooperative nodes may not trust each other for cooperation even though their physical connection are strong. In this paper, we propose a novel buffer-aided relay selection scheme to align data transmission with both strong and trusted links. By maintaining the buffer lengths as close as possible to the newly introduced target buffer lengths, the proposed scheme is able to balance the outage performance and packet delay. Both the outage probability and average packet delay are analyzed for spatially random relays. Particularly we show that outage performance may have error floors because of the trusts. The analysis shows that using buffers in trust aware relay networks is able to either increase the diversity order or lower the error floor of the outage probability

Using Buffers in Trust Aware Relay Selection Networks with Spatially Random Relays

IEEE It is well recognized that using buffers in relay networks significantly improves the transmission reliability, which is often at the price of higher packet delay. Existing buffer-aided relay networks are all based on the physical links among cooperative nodes. This may however lead to performance degradation in practice, because that cooperative nodes may not trust each other for cooperation even though their physical connection are strong. In this paper, we propose a novel buffer-aided relay selection scheme to align data transmission with both strong and trusted links. By maintaining the buffer lengths as close as possible to the newly introduced target buffer lengths, the proposed scheme is able to balance the outage performance and packet delay. Both the outage probability and average packet delay are analyzed for spatially random relays. Particularly we show that outage performance may have error floors because of the trusts. The analysis shows that using buffers in trust aware relay networks is able to either increase the diversity order or lower the error floor of the outage probability

Measurements of Soot Particulate Emissions of Ammonia-Ethylene Flames Using Laser Extinction Method

Ammonia (NH3) has emerged as an attractive carbonless fuel that can be co-fired with hydrocarbon fuel to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. To understand the influence of NH3 on soot formation when co-fired with hydrocarbons, the soot formation propensity is experimentally investigated via a laminar diffusion jet flame. A stable ethylene (C2H4) jet flame doped with NH3 at different volume percentages was established for the investigation of soot formation tendency. OH* chemiluminescence imaging revealed the change of flame structure, in which the signals emitted from the heat release region weakened with increasing NH3 addition, while the peak intensity shifted from the flame wings towards flame centerline region. The laser extinction method used to measure the soot volume fraction (SVF) at different heights above the burner, which showed the effect of NH3 on soot suppression is significant, owing to the interaction between N-containing compounds with carbon atoms that result in the reduction of key intermediate products required for the formation of benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The effect of soot inhibition appears to be stronger for the low NH3 blend fraction. The chemistry effect of NH3 on soot reduction for C2H4 flame is ascertained by comparing with N2-doped C2H4 flame at the same volume percentage. This work highlights the need for improved understanding of hydrocarbon fuel with NH3 to enable detailed understanding on the soot generation and oxidation process

Production line scenario simulation model.

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Measurements of Soot Particulate Emissions of Ammonia-Ethylene Flames Using Laser Extinction Method

Ammonia (NH3) has emerged as an attractive carbonless fuel that can be co-fired with hydrocarbon fuel to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. To understand the influence of NH3 on soot formation when co-fired with hydrocarbons, the soot formation propensity is experimentally investigated via a laminar diffusion jet flame. A stable ethylene (C2H4) jet flame doped with NH3 at different volume percentages was established for the investigation of soot formation tendency. OH* chemiluminescence imaging revealed the change of flame structure, in which the signals emitted from the heat release region weakened with increasing NH3 addition, while the peak intensity shifted from the flame wings towards flame centerline region. The laser extinction method used to measure the soot volume fraction (SVF) at different heights above the burner, which showed the effect of NH3 on soot suppression is significant, owing to the interaction between N-containing compounds with carbon atoms that result in the reduction of key intermediate products required for the formation of benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The effect of soot inhibition appears to be stronger for the low NH3 blend fraction. The chemistry effect of NH3 on soot reduction for C2H4 flame is ascertained by comparing with N2-doped C2H4 flame at the same volume percentage. This work highlights the need for improved understanding of hydrocarbon fuel with NH3 to enable detailed understanding on the soot generation and oxidation process

Comparison of AvgWIP and AvgStaytime before and after Model 4 optimization.

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Real scenario elements and simulation model elements corresponding to FlexSim.

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