Additional file 2: Table S1. of The genetic variants in 3’ untranslated region of voltage-gated sodium channel alpha 1 subunit gene affect the mRNA-microRNA interactions and associate with epilepsy

Genetic variants and alleles in 3'UTR of SCN1A_v001 of male patients and controls (in *.ped file); Table S2. genetic variants and alleles in 3'UTR of SCN1A_v001 of female patients and controls (in *.ped file); Table S3. genetic variants in 3'UTR-SCN1A found in study subjects and their locations (in *.info file); Table S4. Fisher’s exact test on rare genetic variants for case/control association study; Table S5. 50 most expressed miRNA in four parts of CNS; Table S6. STarMir parameters of predicted miRNA-binding sites of 3’UTR of SCN1A gene in genotype groups; Table S7. the frequently lost and compensatory sites for the alteration in conserved sites of miRNAs binding of 3’UTR-SCN1A in genotype groups. Table S8. the conserved sites of miRNA binding in wild type 3’UTR-SCN1A. Table S9. the comparison of STarMir parameters between males and females. “S0”-“S14.txt” were the working input files for STarMir analysis. S0. wild type (reference) 3’UTR sequence; S1. male CTTTA haplotype 3’UTR sequence; S2. male CTCTA haplotype 3’UTR sequence; S3. male CCTTA haplotype 3’UTR sequence; S4. male TTTTA haplotype 3’UTR sequence; S5. female CTTAACA haplotype 3’UTR sequence; S6. female TTCAACA haplotype 3’UTR sequence; S7. female TTTAACA 3’UTR sequence; S8. female 6568_6571del 3’UTR sequence; S9. female 7338_7344del 3’UTR sequence; S10. female 7065_7066insG 3’UTR sequence; S11. 50 microRNAs expressed in human hippocampus; S12. 50 microRNAs expressed in human frontal cortex; S13. 50 microRNAs expressed in human cerebellum; S14. 50 microRNAs expressed in human midbrain. (ZIP 403 kb

Protection of Electroactive Biofilm from Extreme Acid Shock by Polydopamine Encapsulation

Electroactive biofilm has a low tolerance for accidental shocks, such as extreme acid shock, which is a potential limitation for the application of bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), especially as a sensor for water quality monitoring. In this work, we encapsulated electroactive biofilms with biocompatible polydopamine (PDA) to protect against extreme acid shock. The bacterial cells were completely encapsulated in ∼50 nm films formed by PDA spheres, which protected their viability and current recoverability even after pH 0.5 and 1.5 shocks. The limiting current density of the PDA-encapsulated anode was 0.20 ± 0.05 A/m², which was 1900% higher than that of the unprotected control (0.01 ± 0.01 A/m²) after strong acid shock (pH 0.5, 30 min). Without PDA encapsulation, the biofilm partly disintegrated with a thickness decreased by 68% from 72 to 23 μm, where 92% of the cells were dead. Our findings reported a novel and effective method for protecting electroactive biofilm under extreme conditions, which will greatly extend the use of BESs in the future

Electrochemical Seed-Mediated Growth of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Active Au(111)-Like Nanoparticles on Indium Tin Oxide Electrodes

In this article, a novel electrochemical seed-mediated method has been proposed for the fabrication of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) active gold nanoparticle films deposited on indium tin oxide electrodes. First, due to the fact that a high overpotential and a short time of potentiostatic transient are applied in the nucleation stage, the high controllability with the density and the size of gold nanoparticles on an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode are realized. Second, due to the fact that AuCl₄^– ions will be preferentially reduced and deposited on the previously formed Au seeds in a subsequent cyclic voltammetrical process, we achieve the size-controlled gold nanoparticles which are enriched in Au(111) facet orientation (ca. 80.7%). With the growth of the nanoparticles, the gap between the adjacent nanoparticles gradually decreases, and thus plenty of “hot spots” are formed on the substrate for SERS applications. Third, by using 4-mercaptobenzoic acid as a probe molecule, the enhancement factor of the as-prepared substrate is estimated as ∼1.3 × 10⁶, and its reproducibility and stability for SERS measurements are also evaluated. These works reveal its great potential in routine SERS applications for microanalysis. The protocol for the fabrication of such a SERS substrate is facile and cost-effective, without introducing any template or surfactant

Table_1_Differential influences of serum vitamin C on blood pressure based on age and sex in normotensive individuals.docx

AimHypertension is among the most prevalent chronic diseases with diverse etiology, affecting over 1 billion people globally. In numerous studies, vitamin C inversely correlated with blood pressure and was suspected to have antihypertensive properties. Currently, there is conflicting evidence regarding the relationship between vitamin C and blood pressure, with most studies being conducted on hypertensive subjects. The principal objective of this project was to investigate the relationship between vitamin C and blood pressure in normotensive adult subjects.MethodsA total of 2,533 individuals aged 20 years and above were enrolled in the present study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018. Outcome variables were systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Serum vitamin C was regarded as an independent variable. EmpowerStats software and R (version 3.4.3) were used to examine the association between vitamin C and SBP or DBP.ResultsVitamin C was reversely correlated with both SBP (β = −0.02, 95% CI: −0.03 to −0.00, p = 0.0306) and DBP (β = −0.02, 95% CI: −0.04 to −0.01, p = ConclusionVitamin C was negatively correlated with both SBP and DBP in this cross-sectional analysis. However, a U-shaped relationship and an inverted one were also observed in certain people, which implied that, though vitamin C is considered a vital antioxidant, maintaining vitamin C at appropriate levels may be beneficial according to different populations.</p

Microbial Synthesis of 5‑Aminolevulinic Acid and Its Coproduction with Polyhydroxybutyrate

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA), an important cell metabolic intermediate useful for cancer treatments or plant growth regulator, was produced by recombinant <i>Escherichia coli</i> expressing the codon optimized mitochondrial 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase (EC: 2.3.1.37, <i>hem1</i>) from <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> controlled via the plasmid encoding T7 expression system with a T7 RNA polymerase. When a more efficient autoinduced expression approach free of IPTG was applied, the recombinant containing antibiotic-free stabilized plasmid was able to produce 3.6 g/L extracellular ALA in shake flask studies under optimized temperature. A recombinant <i>E. coli</i> expressing synthesis pathways of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and ALA resulted in coproduction of 43% PHB in the cell dry weights and 1.6 g/L extracellular ALA, leading to further reduction on ALA cost as two products were harvested both intracellularly and extracellularly. This was the first study on coproduction of extracellular ALA and intracellular PHB for improving bioprocessing efficiency. The cost of ALA production could be further reduced by employing a <i>Halomonas</i> spp. TD01 able to grow and produce ALA and PHB under continuous and unsterile conditions even though ALA had the highest titer of only 0.7 g/L at the present time

Small RNA and Degradome Sequencing Reveal Complex Roles of miRNAs and Their Targets in Developing Wheat Grains

<div><p>Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play critical roles in plant development. In this study, we employed small RNA combined with degradome sequencing to survey development-related miRNAs and their validated targets during wheat grain development. A total of 186 known miRNAs and 37 novel miRNAs were identified in four small RNA libraries. Moreover, a miRNA-like long hairpin locus was first identified to produce 21~22-nt phased siRNAs that act in <i>trans</i> to cleave target mRNAs. A comparison of the miRNAomes revealed that 55 miRNA families were differentially expressed during the grain development. Predicted and validated targets of these development-related miRNAs are involved in different cellular responses and metabolic processes including cell proliferation, auxin signaling, nutrient metabolism and gene expression. This study provides insight into the complex roles of miRNAs and their targets in regulating wheat grain development.</p></div

Additional file 1: of Efficacy of electrical acupuncture on vascular cognitive impairment with no dementia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

The SPIRIT checklist. (DOC 107 kb

Table_1_Comparison between different advanced cannulation techniques for difficult biliary cannulation: a systematic review with a meta-analysis.DOC

ObjectiveThis study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of the double-guidewire technique along with other methods (persistent standard cannulation techniques, transpancreatic sphincterotomy, and pancreatic stent-assisted technique) for difficult biliary cannulation.MethodsTwo researchers searched for literature on the efficacy and safety of the double-guidewire technique and other techniques in difficult biliary cannulation in databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The success rate of cannulation, duration of cannulation, post-ERCP pancreatitis, and overall postoperative complications were also analyzed using RevMan 5.4 software.ResultsIn total, 20 randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies involving 2008 participants were identified. The success rate of cannulation in the double-guidewire technique was much higher than that in persistent standard cannulation techniques [RR = 1.37, 95%CI (1.05, 1.79), p = 0.02]. However, it was lower than the success rate observed with transpancreatic sphincterotomy [RR = 0.89, 95%CI (0.81, 0.97), p = 0.01]. There was no significance in post-ERCP pancreatitis [RR = 1.09, 95% CI (0.85, 1.40), p = 0.49], overall postoperative complications [RR = 0.90, 95% CI (0.56, 1.45), p = 0.66], and duration of cannulation [SMD = -0.14, 95%C I (−1.43, 1.15), p = 0.83] between the double-guidewire technique and other techniques.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that the success rate of cannulation ranged from transpancreatic sphincterotomy to the double-guidewire technique and then to persistent standard cannulation techniques.</p

Electrophoretic separation of PCR products from <i>1Bx</i> promoters with or without the 43 bp insertion, and SDS-PAGE profiles of HMW-GS of wheat cultivars with the insertion.

<p>(A) PCR assays for <i>1Bx</i> promoters on a 2% agarose gel. M: 100 bp DNA Ladder. Underlined accessions possess the 43 bp insertion. (B) SDS-PAGE assay of HMW-GS from different accessions containing the 43 bp insertion. Underlined accessions possess the 43 bp insertion. Down black arrows indicate <i>1Bx7</i> with 43 bp insertion in accessions from China and Europe. Chinese Spring, Yanzhan 1 and Samo were used as controls. The purple curve represents the relative amounts from different 1Bx subunits.</p

Expression correlation between development-related miRNAs and their targets.

<p>(A) qRT-PCR analysis of miRNA expression in developing grains. The dots represent the relative abundances of sequence reads in four small RNA libraries. (B) qRT-PCR analysis of target expression in the developing grains. Data represent the mean values ± SD of three replicates.</p