Microstructural evolution modelling and low-stress fatigue performance of bimodal-structured Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy produced by laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing

Coarse – and fine-grained bimodal-structures in a Al-Mg base alloy with rare earth elements of Sc/Zr is produced due to the ultrafast nonequilibrium solidification occurs in laser-induced molten pools during laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing. A novel high-fidelity cellular automaton (CA) algorithm incorporating numerical calculations of molt-pool temperature fields elucidates the formation and evolution of the bimodal-structure. Subsequent heat treatment induces precipitation of Al3(Sc/Zr) particles within the grains, synergistically enhancing strength and plasticity of the LPBF-processed alloy. The crystal plastic finite element method (CPFEM) is used to reveal the synergistic effect between the strength and plasticity during the material tensile procedure. The bimodal-structure exhibits good fatigue resistance but intriguing anisotropy under low stress cyclic loading. It is proved that differentiated distribution patterns relative to the principal stress direction of the bimodal-structure have a significant influence on its fatigue performance. Numerical evolutionary of the bimodal grain deformation reflects this phenomenon.</p

Table_1_Configuration paths of community cafe to enhance residents’ well-being: fsQCA analysis of 20 cases in Shanghai.docx

Community cafes have emerged as a critical infrastructure for promoting communication and cultural construction in urban areas, and have gradually become an essential public place to enhance residents’ well-being. However, despite their growing importance, more empirical research is needed on the emerging concept of community cafes, including the configuration analysis of their influencing factors. To address this gap, this study employs the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method to examine 20 community cafes in Shanghai, China. The configuration effects on residents’ well-being are explored across five dimensions: activity quality, psychological cognition, physical quality, physical accessibility, and sociability. The findings reveal that sociability is necessary for high levels of residents’ well-being. Three configuration paths are identified to generate high well-being, which can be classified into activity-based or acquaintance-based social interaction patterns based on spatial functions. Additionally, the study identifies five groups of non-high well-being configurations, in which lack of activity quality and sociability are core conditions. Overall, the study contributes to evaluating community public spaces and provides insight into the configuration of factors that contribute to residents’ well-being. The study highlights that community public spaces can have significantly different impacts on residents’ well-being, with sociability emerging as a significant factor. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify community public spaces’ social orientation according to spatial conditions.</p

An Unusual Photosensitizer: Dyad of Eosin−Tris(2,2‘-bipyridine)Ru(II)

A dyad of eosin and tris(2,2‘-bipyridine)Ru(II) was prepared, and its photophysical properties were investigated. The photosensitization of eosin is greatly enhanced by introduction of tris(2,2‘-bipyridine)Ru(II), which is verified via photooxygenation of anthracene derivatives. The electron-transfer mechanism of photosensitization is also discussed

First Synthesis of Methylated Hypocrellin and Its Fluorescent Excited State: A Cautionary Tale

Methylated hypocrellins were obtained and characterized by satisfactory 1HNMR, UV−vis, IR, and mass data, and their absorption and fluorescence emission spectra were studied. A previous report of methylated hypocrellin (J. Phys. Chem. A 1999, 103, 7949) appears to be in error

Additional file 1 of Developing neural network diagnostic models and potential drugs based on novel identified immune-related biomarkers for celiac disease

Additional file 1: Table S1. 896 differentially expressed genes. Table S2. Results of three machine algorithms. Table S3. ssGSEA score of 28 immune gene sets in celiac disease patients. Table S4. IG score for GSE11501 training set based on HIGs. Table S5. IG score for GSE164883 validation set based on HIGs. Table S6. ANN diagnosis effect for the grouping of immune characteristics of celiac disease subtypes. Table S7. 2483 immune genes from the ImmPort database. Table S8. 28 immune gene sets from the TISIDB database

Additional file 2 of Developing neural network diagnostic models and potential drugs based on novel identified immune-related biomarkers for celiac disease

Additional file 2: Fig. S1. GO and KEGG analysis of 58 differentially expressed immune-related genes. A GO enrichment results in differentially expressed immune-related genes. B KEGG enrichment results in differentially expressed immune-related genes. Fig. S2. Heatmap shows the overall landscape of CD patients' ssGSEA score of 28 immune gene sets. Fig. S3. Consensus matrix heatmap when K = 3–9. It is related to Fig. 3D. Fig. S4. The box plot shows the ssGSEA score of immune cells of the C1 and C2 groups. (ns, no significance, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001). Fig. S5. Validation of the IG score in the GSE164883 set. A The violin plot shows the IG score between the control and CD groups. B The ROC curve of the IG score in the GSE164883 validation set. Fig. S6. ROC analysis validated the diagnostic performance of HIGs. ROC curves of the indicated HIGs in the GSE11501 training set (A) and GSE164883 validation set (B). Fig. S7. Construction of artificial neural network (ANN) based on HIGs. A The construction of an artificial neural network (ANN) based on MR1, TNFSF13B, and CCL25. B The AUC of the training cohort with a value of 0.824. C The AUC of the test cohort with a value of 0.733. Fig. S8. 3D (left) and 2D (right) structure of complexes of HIGs and drugs. It is related to Fig. 7

Effect of native LDL (nLDL) on the expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in Trx-overexpressing and -knock-down HUVECs.

<p>(<b>A, B</b>) Immunoblot of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in Ad-GFP, Ad-Trx, and Ad-TD cells under basal conditions and after 4 h nLDL (100 µg/ml) stimulation. (<b>C, D</b>) Immunoblot of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in NC and si-Trx cells under basal conditions and after 4 h nLDL (100 µg/ml) or ox-LDL (100 µg/ml) stimulation. Relative VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression was determined by densitometric analysis. In all of the histograms, each value represents the mean ±SEM (<i>n</i> = 3 independent measurements). *<i>p</i><0.05, compared with unstimulated NC cells; ^#<i>p</i><0.05, compared with nLDL-stimulated NC cells; ^&<i>p</i><0.05, compared with ox-LDL-stimulated NC cells.</p

2,4- vs 3,4-Disubsituted Pyrrole Synthesis Switched by Copper and Nickel Catalysts

A novel and efficient copper or nickel catalyzed highly selective denitrogenative annulation of vinyl azides with aryl acetaldehydes has been developed. 2,4- and 3,4-diaryl substituted pyrroles, which are difficult to synthesize by the reported methods, can be highly regioselectively prepared by this protocol simply switched by the selection of the transition metal catalysts. Compared with the reported acidic or basic conditions for polysubstituted pyrrole synthesis, the present reaction conditions are mild, neutral, and very simple without any additives

Direct Tryptophols Synthesis from 2‑Vinylanilines and Alkynes via CC Triple Bond Cleavage and Dioxygen Activation

An unexpected metal-free CC triple bond cleavage, dioxygen activation, and reassembly into tryptophol derivatives has been developed. This chemistry provides a novel, simple, and efficient approach to highly valuable tryptophol derivatives from simple substrates under mild conditions. The mechanistic studies may promote the discovery of new methodologies through C–C bond cleavage and dioxygen activation

Role of Trx in nuclear translocation of pSmad3.

<p>(<b>A</b>) <i>Top</i>, Nuclear pSmad3 and Trx proteins in Ad-GFP, Ad-Trx, and Ad-TD cells. <i>Bottom</i>, Cytosolic Trx expression in Ad-GFP, Ad-Trx, and Ad-TD cells. The cells were treated with or without ox-LDL (100 µg/ml) stimulation for 6 h as indicated. <i>Left column</i>, Quantitative nuclear pSmad3 protein is shown. <i>Right column</i>, Nuclear and cytosolic Trx expression was normalized to that of the unstimulated Ad-GFP group. The numbers above the columns indicate the relative expression ratio of nuclear Trx to cytosolic Trx. The data from three separate experiments are expressed as mean ±SEM. *<i>p</i><0.05, compared with unstimulated Ad-GFP cells; ^#<i>p</i><0.05, compared with ox-LDL-stimulated Ad-GFP cells. (<b>B</b>) Phosphorylated Smad3 expression in Ad-GFP, Ad-Trx, and Ad-TD cells was assessed by immunofluorescent analysis.</p