199 research outputs found

    TPD of Acetic Acid Adsorbed on Zinc Oxide-Calcium Carbonate Catalyst in the Presence or Absence of Water Vapor

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    Article信州大学工学部紀要 82: 1-8 (2000)departmental bulletin pape

    TPD of Ethanol and Acetaldehyde Adsorbed on a Zinc Oxide-Calcium Carbonate Catalyst in the Presence or Absence of Water Vapor

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    Article信州大学工学部紀要 82: 9-16 (2000)departmental bulletin pape

    Modeling of a 500kV Transmission Tower for Lightning Surge Analysis

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    Modeling of transmission towers is an essential part of the traveling analysis of lightning surges in overhead power transmission lines. In this paper, an equivalent distributed constant line model of the transmission tower is developed. The model consists of three parts : main poles, lattices and crossarms. The surge impedance of each part is expressed by the functions of their dimensions and geometries. This tower model is applied to the 500kV transmission tower of which surge performance characteristics are measured. It is found that the tower voltage wave shapes calculated from this model closely agree with the measured ones. This proves that the authors' proposed tower model well simulates the surge performances of an actual transmission tower

    Space Charge Distribution of Surface Discharge in SF₆ Gas

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    Surface space-charge distributions produced by streamers in SF₆ are investigated using the probe method with a high speed temporal resolution. Probes which also act the role of a plane electrode, are used for measuring the space-charge field. The fields are measured oscilloscopically and converted into space-charge densities by a numerical calculation. This inverstigation has revealed the charge distribution before the disturbance caused by the well known “back-discharge”. This method is also applied for surface discharges in air, and its results are compared with that obtained in SF₆

    Semiquantitative Analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy of Cochlear Hair Cell Damage by Ototoxic Drugs

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    The ototoxicity of cisplatin and carboplatin in the organ of Corti of the guinea pig was evaluated semiquantitatively. Damage of the stereocilia of outer hair cells (OHCs) observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was classified into normal, grade 1 (10-50% loss of stereocilia), grade 2 (less than 50% remaining stereocilia), or grade 3 (missing stereocilia). The OHCs observed by light microscopy (LM) were classified as remaining or missing cells. Fifty OHCs of each row in the middle part of each turn of the cochlea were counted (a total of 150 cells per turn). Guinea pigs were administered 5 mg/kg of cisplatin or 50 mg/kg of carboplatin intraperitoneally for three consecutive days. In groups 1 and 2, in which both cochleae were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 1% osmium tetroxide (OsO4) and observed by SEM, the percentages of damage of the OHC stereocilia were similar in each cochlear turn bilaterally. In group 3, the right cochleae were fixed in OsO4 and observed by phase contrast microscopy as surface preparations. Left cochleae were submitted for SEM observation. Missing and grade 3 cells were observed at similar percentages in each row of each turn. In group 4, succinate dehydrogenase staining was performed in the right cochleae and observed by LM. The degree of damage in the right cochleae was compared with that of the left cochleae which was observed by SEM. On average, the mean numbers of missing cells and cells showing grade 3 damage were similar in each row of each turn. From these similarities of evaluation of ototoxicity at LM and SEM levels, it was concluded that semiquantitative analysis by SEM only is appropriate for the assessment of ototoxicity

    Milk Replacers and Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy in Calves, Japan

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    Milk Replacers and Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy in Calves, Japa

    Identification of important marine areas using ecologically or biologically significant areas (EBSAs) criteria in the east to southeast Asia region and comparison with existing registered areas for the purpose of conservation

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    The biodiversity of East to Southeast (E-SE) Asian waters is rapidly declining because of anthropogenic effects ranging from local environmental pressures to global warming. To improve marine biodiversity, the Aichi Biodiversity Targets were adopted in 2010. The recommendation of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice (SBSTTA), encourages application of the ecologically or biologically significant area (EBSA) process to identify areas for conservation. However, there are few examples of the use of EBSA criteria to evaluate entire oceans. In this article, seven criteria are numerically evaluated to identify important marine areas (EBSA candidates) in the E-SE Asia region. The discussion includes 1) the possibility of EBSA criteria quantification throughout the E-SE Asia oceans and the suitability of the indices selected; 2) optimal integration methods for criteria, and the relationships between the criteria and data robustness and completeness; and; 3) a comparison of the EBSA candidates identified and existing registered areas for the purpose of conservation, such as marine protected areas (MPAs). Most of the EBSA criteria could be quantitatively evaluated throughout the Asia-Pacific region. However, three criteria in particular showed a substantial lack of data. Our methodological comparison showed that complementarity analysis performed better than summation because it considered criteria that were evaluated only in limited areas. Most of the difference between present-day registered areas and our results for EBSAs resulted from a lack of data and differences in philosophy for the selection of indices. Keywords Ecologically or biologically significant area (EBSA); East Asia; Southeast Asia; West Pacific ocean; Complementarity; Gap analysi

    Inhibition of MEK1 Signaling Pathway in the Liver Ameliorates Insulin Resistance

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    Although mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) is a key signaling molecule and a negative regulator of insulin action, it is still uncertain whether MEK can be a therapeutic target for amelioration of insulin resistance (IR) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) in vivo. To clarify whether MEK inhibition improves T2D, we examined the effect of continuous MEK inhibition with two structurally different MEK inhibitors, RO5126766 and RO4987655, in mouse models of T2D. RO5126766 and RO4987655 were administered via dietary admixture. Both compounds decreased blood glucose and improved glucose tolerance in doses sufficient to sustain inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 phosphorylation downstream of MEK in insulin-responsive tissues in db/db mice. A hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp test showed increased glucose infusion rate (GIR) in db/db mice treated with these compounds, and about 60% of the increase was attributed to the inhibition of endogenous glucose production, suggesting that the liver is responsible for the improvement of IR. By means of adenovirus-mediated Mek1 shRNA expression, we confirmed that blood glucose levels are reduced by suppression of MEK1 expression in the liver of db/db mice. Taken together, these results suggested that the MEK signaling pathway could be a novel therapeutic target for novel antidiabetic agents
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