Usability of Prefilled Syringe and Autoinjector for SB4 (An Etanercept Biosimilar) in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Effect of sperm selection using hyaluronan on fertilization and quality of cleavage-stage embryos in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles of couples with severe teratozoospermia

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of hyaluronan-selected/physiological intracytoplasmic sperm injection (PICSI) on fertilization and quality of cleavage-stage embryos in infertile couples with ≤1% of spermatozoa with normal strict morphology (severe teratozoospermia). Seventy-seven couples underwent PICSI between October 2017 and December 2018 (PICSI group), while 75 couples underwent conventional intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) between January 2016 and September 2017 (ICSI group). Good quality embryos (GQEs) were evaluated based on morphology. Patient and cycle characteristics were comparable between the PICSI and ICSI groups, except for age and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level (38.4 ± 3.9 years vs. 36.3 ± 4.3 years, p = .002 and 2.06 ± 1.99 ng/mL vs. 2.97 ± 3.25 ng/mL, p = .040). The fertilization rate per oocyte inseminated and GQE rate were significantly higher in the PICSI group than in the ICSI group (82.7% vs. 71.7%, p ˂ .001 and 52.8% vs. 34.0%, p ˂ .001). Furthermore, the absence of GQEs was found to be lower in the PICSI group (13.0% vs. 30.7%, p = .008). Multivariate analysis adjusted for age and AMH level identified PICSI as an unfavorable and independent factor for the absence of GQEs (adjusted odds ratio, 0.333; 95% confidence interval, 0.125–0.890). PICSI seems to be superior to ICSI in terms of fertilization and embryo quality in couples with severe teratozoospermia.</p

Geometry-Controllable Graphene Layers and Their Application for Supercapacitors

A facile and ultrafast method for geometry controllable and vertically transformative 3D graphene architectures is demonstrated. The 2D stacked graphene layers produced by exfoliation of graphite were transformed, e.g., from horizontal to vertical, by applying electric charge (−2 V with 1–3 μAh/cm²). The three-dimensionally transformed graphene layers have maximized surface area as well as high specific capacitance, 410 F g^–1 in LiClO₄/PC electrolyte, which is 4.4 times higher than that of planar (stacked) graphene layers. Furthermore, they can remarkably exhibit 87% of retained capacitance as the scan rate is increased from 100 to 1000 mV s^–1, unlike planar graphene, which displays 61% retention under the same conditions

Image_1_A Novel Synthetic Method for N Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles Through Plasma-Assisted Electrolysis and Photocatalytic Activity in the Visible Region.TIF

Nitrogen doped TiO2 (N-TiO2) nanoparticles were synthesized via a novel plasma enhanced electrolysis method using bulk titanium (Ti) as a source material and nitric acid as the nitrogen dopant. This method possesses remarkable merits with regard to the direct-metal synthesis of nanoparticles with its one-step process, eco-friendliness, and its ability to be mass produced. The nanoparticles were synthesized from bulk Ti metal and dipped in 5–15 mmol of a nitric acid electrolyte under the application of AC 500 V, the minimum range of voltage to generate plasma. By controlling the electrolyte concentration, the nanoparticle size distribution could be tuned between 12.1 and 24.7 nm using repulsion forces via variations in pH. The prepared N-TiO2 nanoparticles were calcined at between 100 and 300°C to determine their photocatalytic efficiency within the visible-light region, which depended on their crystal structure and N doping content. Analysis showed that the temperature treatment yielded an anatase TiO2 crystalline structure when the N doping content was varied from 0.4 to 0.54 at.%. In particular, the 0.4 at.% N doped TiO2 catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic performance with quadruple efficiency compared to the P-25 standard TiO2 nanoparticles, which featured a 91% degradation of methyl orange organic dye within 300 min. This solid-liquid reaction based on plasma enhanced electrolysis could open new pathways with regard to high purity mass producible ceramic nanoparticles with advanced properties.</p

Upfront Systemic Chemotherapy and Short-Course Radiotherapy with Delayed Surgery for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer with Distant Metastases: Outcomes, Compliance, and Favorable Prognostic Factors

<div><p>Purpose/Objective(s)</p><p>Optimal treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) with distant metastasis remains elusive. We aimed to evaluate upfront systemic chemotherapy and short-course radiotherapy (RT) followed by delayed surgery for such patients, and to identify favorable prognostic factors.</p><p>Materials/Methods</p><p>We retrospectively reviewed 50 LARC patients (cT4 or cT3, <2 mm from the mesorectal fascia) with synchronous metastatic disease. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints were overall survival, treatment-related toxicity, and compliance. We considered P values <0.05 significant.</p><p>Results</p><p>At 22 months median follow-up, the median PFS time was 16 months and the 2-year PFS rate was 34.8%. Thirty-five patients who received radical surgery for primary and metastatic tumors were designated the curable group. Six patients with clinical complete response (ypCR) of metastases who underwent radical surgery for only the primary tumor were classified as potentially curable. Nine patients who received no radical surgery (3 received palliative surgery) were deemed the palliative group. The ypCR rate among surgery patients was 13.6%. PFS rates for the curable or potentially curable groups were significantly longer than that of the palliative group (P<0.001). On multivariate analysis, solitary organ metastasis and R0 status were independent prognostic factors for PFS.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>These findings demonstrated that a strong possibility that upfront chemotherapy and short-course RT with delayed surgery are an effective alternative treatment for LARC with potentially resectable distant metastasis, owing to achievement of pathologic down-staging, R0 resection, and favorable compliance and toxicity, despite the long treatment duration.</p></div

Treatment-related toxicity.

Treatment-related toxicity.</p

Surgical pathology for primary tumor, residual tumor status, and patterns of failure based on treatment groups.

<p>Surgical pathology for primary tumor, residual tumor status, and patterns of failure based on treatment groups.</p

Patient characteristics.

<p>Patient characteristics.</p

Pathology reports (n = 44).

<p>Pathology reports (n = 44).</p

Stepwise uni- and multi-variate analysis using cox regression model for progression-free and overall survival.

<p>Stepwise uni- and multi-variate analysis using cox regression model for progression-free and overall survival.</p