114 research outputs found
Escaping the Trap of too Precise Topic Queries
At the very center of digital mathematics libraries lie controlled
vocabularies which qualify the {\it topic} of the documents. These topics are
used when submitting a document to a digital mathematics library and to perform
searches in a library. The latter are refined by the use of these topics as
they allow a precise classification of the mathematics area this document
addresses. However, there is a major risk that users employ too precise topics
to specify their queries: they may be employing a topic that is only "close-by"
but missing to match the right resource. We call this the {\it topic trap}.
Indeed, since 2009, this issue has appeared frequently on the i2geo.net
platform. Other mathematics portals experience the same phenomenon. An approach
to solve this issue is to introduce tolerance in the way queries are understood
by the user. In particular, the approach of including fuzzy matches but this
introduces noise which may prevent the user of understanding the function of
the search engine.
In this paper, we propose a way to escape the topic trap by employing the
navigation between related topics and the count of search results for each
topic. This supports the user in that search for close-by topics is a click
away from a previous search. This approach was realized with the i2geo search
engine and is described in detail where the relation of being {\it related} is
computed by employing textual analysis of the definitions of the concepts
fetched from the Wikipedia encyclopedia.Comment: 12 pages, Conference on Intelligent Computer Mathematics 2013 Bath,
U
Extracting Spooky-activation-at-a-distance from Considerations of Entanglement
Following an early claim by Nelson & McEvoy \cite{Nelson:McEvoy:2007}
suggesting that word associations can display `spooky action at a distance
behaviour', a serious investigation of the potentially quantum nature of such
associations is currently underway. This paper presents a simple quantum model
of a word association system. It is shown that a quantum model of word
entanglement can recover aspects of both the Spreading Activation equation and
the Spooky-activation-at-a-distance equation, both of which are used to model
the activation level of words in human memory.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures; To appear in Proceedings of the Third Quantum
Interaction Symposium, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, vol 5494,
Springer, 200
Semi-supervised prediction of protein interaction sentences exploiting semantically encoded metrics
Protein-protein interaction (PPI) identification is an integral component of many biomedical research and database curation tools. Automation of this task through classification is one of the key goals of text mining (TM). However, labelled PPI corpora required to train classifiers are generally small. In order to overcome this sparsity in the training data, we propose a novel method of integrating corpora that do not contain relevance judgements. Our approach uses a semantic language model to gather word similarity from a large unlabelled corpus. This additional information is integrated into the sentence classification process using kernel transformations and has a re-weighting effect on the training features that leads to an 8% improvement in F-score over the baseline results. Furthermore, we discover that some words which are generally considered indicative of interactions are actually neutralised by this process
Mesoscopic transport beyond linear response
We present an approach to steady-state mesoscopic transport based on the
maximum entropy principle formulation of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics.
Our approach is not limited to the linear response regime. We show that this
approach yields the quantization observed in the integer quantum Hall effect at
large currents, which until now has been unexplained. We also predict new
behaviors of non-local resistances at large currents in the presence of dirty
contacts.Comment: 14 pages plus one figure (with an insert) (post-script codes
appended), RevTeX 3.0, UCF-CM-93-004 (Revised
Cross-Lingual Semantic Similarity Measure for Comparable Articles
International audienceWe aim in this research to find and compare crosslingual articles concerning a specific topic. So, we need measure for that. This measure can be based on bilingual dictionaries or based on numerical methods such as Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI). In this paper, we use the LSI in two ways to retrieve Arabic-English comparable articles. The first one is monolingual: the English article is translated into Arabic and then mapped into the Arabic LSI space; the second one is crosslingual: Arabic and English documents are mapped into Arabic-English LSI space. Then, we compare LSI approaches to the dictionary-based approach on several English-Arabic parallel and comparable corpora. Results indicate that the performance of cross-lingual LSI approach is competitive to monolingual approach, or even better for some corpora. Moreover, both LSI approaches outperform the dictionary approach
How to trigger emergence and self-organisation in Learning Networks
The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com.
Brouns, F., Fetter, S., & Van Rosmalen, P. (2009). How to trigger emergence and self-organisation in Learning Networks. In R. Koper (Ed.), Learning Network Services for Professional Development (pp. 57-72). Berlin, Germany: Springer Verlag.In the current chapter, we describe an example of a peer support Learning Network Service based on the mechanism of peer tutoring in ad-hoc transient communities.The work on this publication has been sponsored in part by the TENCompetence Integrated Project that is funded by the European Commission's 6th Framework Programme, priority IST/Technology Enhanced Learning. Contract 027087 [http://www.tencompetence.org
Formulae for zero-temperature conductance through a region with interaction
The zero-temperature linear response conductance through an interacting
mesoscopic region attached to noninteracting leads is investigated. We present
a set of formulae expressing the conductance in terms of the ground-state
energy or persistent currents in an auxiliary system, namely a ring threaded by
a magnetic flux and containing the correlated electron region. We first derive
the conductance formulae for the noninteracting case and then give arguments
why the formalism is also correct in the interacting case if the ground state
of a system exhibits Fermi liquid properties. We prove that in such systems,
the ground-state energy is a universal function of the magnetic flux, where the
conductance is the only parameter. The method is tested by comparing its
predictions with exact results and results of other methods for problems such
as the transport through single and double quantum dots containing interacting
electrons. The comparisons show an excellent quantitative agreement.Comment: 18 pages, 18 figures; to appear in Phys. Rev.
An interpretation for the entropy of a black hole
We investigate the meaning of the entropy carried away by Hawking radiations
from a black hole. We propose that the entropy for a black hole measures the
uncertainty of the information about the black hole forming matter's
precollapsed configurations, self-collapsed configurations, and inter-collapsed
configurations. We find that gravitational wave or gravitational radiation
alone cannot carry all information about the processes of black hole
coalescence and collapse, while the total information locked in the hole could
be carried away completely by Hawking radiation as tunneling
Conductance anomalies and the extended Anderson model for nearly perfect quantum wires
Anomalies near the conductance threshold of nearly perfect semiconductor
quantum wires are explained in terms of singlet and triplet resonances of
conduction electrons with a single weakly-bound electron in the wire. This is
shown to be a universal effect for a wide range of situations in which the
effective single-electron confinement is weak. The robustness of this generic
behavior is investigated numerically for a wide range of shapes and sizes of
cylindrical wires with a bulge. The dependence on gate voltage, source-drain
voltage and magnetic field is discussed within the framework of an extended
Hubbard model. This model is mapped onto an extended Anderson model, which in
the limit of low temperatures is expected to lead to Kondo resonance physics
and pronounced many-body effects
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