64,069 research outputs found
A charging model for three-axis stabilized spacecraft
A charging model was developed for geosynchronous, three-axis stabilized spacecraft when under the influence of a geomagnetic substorm. The differential charging potentials between the thermally coated or blanketed outer surfaces and metallic structure of a spacecraft were determined when the spacecraft was immersed in a dense plasma cloud of energetic particles. The spacecraft-to-environment interaction was determined by representing the charged particle environment by equivalent current source forcing functions and by representing the spacecraft by its electrically equivalent circuit with respect to the plasma charging phenomenon. The charging model included a sun/earth/spacecraft orbit model that simulated the sum illumination conditions of the spacecraft outer surfaces throughout the orbital flight on a diurnal as well as a seasonal basis. Transient and steady-state numerical results for a three-axis stabilized spacecraft are presented
Space shuttle low pressure auxiliary propulsion subsystem design definition Subtask B report
Space shuttle low pressure, hydrogen oxygen auxiliary propulsion subsystem preliminary desig
Near-earth thermal environmental criteria study
A study was made to determine improved values and definitions to be used for thermal environmental design parameters for a spacecraft in near-earth orbit. An algorithm was used to derive a total earth thermal radiation based on a mathematical relationship. Several albedo and earth thermal radiation grid maps were produced on seven track digital magnetic tape. Each map contained the values obtained during a 24 hour period over the entire earth. The output statistics are summarized, and the data processing program is described
Cooperative Chiral Order in Copolymers of Chiral and Achiral Units
Polyisocyanates can be synthesized with chiral and achiral pendant groups
distributed randomly along the chains. The overall chiral order, measured by
optical activity, is strongly cooperative and depends sensitively on the
concentration of chiral pendant groups. To explain this cooperative chiral
order theoretically, we map the random copolymer onto the one-dimensional
random-field Ising model. We show that the optical activity as a function of
composition is well-described by the predictions of this theory.Comment: 13 pages, including 3 postscript figures, uses REVTeX 3.0 and
epsf.st
A Curious Truncation of N=4 Yang-Mills
The coupling constant dependence of correlation functions of BPS operators in
N=4 Yang-Mills can be expressed in terms of integrated correlation functions.
We approximate these integrated correlators by using a truncated OPE expansion.
This leads to differential equations for the coupling dependence. When applied
to a particular sixteen point correlator, the coupling dependence we find
agrees with the corresponding amplitude computed via the AdS/CFT
correspondence. We conjecture that this truncation becomes exact in the large N
and large 't Hooft coupling limit.Comment: 10 pages, LaTeX; additional comments, added reference
Supersymmetric Wilson Loops in IIB Matrix Model
We show that the supersymmetric Wilson loops in IIB matrix model give a
transition operator from reduced supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory to
supersymmetric space-time theory. In comparison with Green-Schwarz superstring
we identify the supersymmetric Wilson loops with the asymptotic states of IIB
superstring. It is pointed out that the supersymmetry transformation law of the
Wilson loops is the inverse of that for the vertex operators of massless modes
in the U(N) open superstring with Dirichlet boundary condition.Comment: 10 pages, Latex, minor typos correcte
Newtonian and Relativistic Cosmologies
Cosmological N-body simulations are now being performed using Newtonian
gravity on scales larger than the Hubble radius. It is well known that a
uniformly expanding, homogeneous ball of dust in Newtonian gravity satisfies
the same equations as arise in relativistic FLRW cosmology, and it also is
known that a correspondence between Newtonian and relativistic dust cosmologies
continues to hold in linearized perturbation theory in the marginally
bound/spatially flat case. Nevertheless, it is far from obvious that Newtonian
gravity can provide a good global description of an inhomogeneous cosmology
when there is significant nonlinear dynamical behavior at small scales. We
investigate this issue in the light of a perturbative framework that we have
recently developed, which allows for such nonlinearity at small scales. We
propose a relatively straightforward "dictionary"---which is exact at the
linearized level---that maps Newtonian dust cosmologies into general
relativistic dust cosmologies, and we use our "ordering scheme" to determine
the degree to which the resulting metric and matter distribution solve
Einstein's equation. We find that Einstein's equation fails to hold at "order
1" at small scales and at "order " at large scales. We then find the
additional corrections to the metric and matter distribution needed to satisfy
Einstein's equation to these orders. While these corrections are of some
interest in their own right, our main purpose in calculating them is that their
smallness should provide a criterion for the validity of the original
dictionary (as well as simplified versions of this dictionary). We expect that,
in realistic Newtonian cosmologies, these additional corrections will be very
small; if so, this should provide strong justification for the use of Newtonian
simulations to describe relativistic cosmologies, even on scales larger than
the Hubble radius.Comment: 35 pages; minor change
Gravity as elasticity of spacetime: a paradigm to understand horizon thermodynamics and cosmological constant
It is very likely that the quantum description of spacetime is quite
different from what we perceive at large scales, . The
long wave length description of spacetime, based on Einstein's equations, is
similar to the description of a continuum solid made of a large number of
microscopic degrees of freedom. This paradigm provides a novel interpretation
of coordinate transformations as deformations of "spacetime solid" and allows
one to obtain Einstein's equations as a consistency condition in the long
wavelength limit. The entropy contributed by the microscopic degrees of freedom
reduces to a pure surface contribution when Einstein's equations are satisfied.
The horizons arises as "defects" in the "spacetime solid" (in the sense of well
defined singular points) and contributes an entropy which is one quarter of the
horizon area. Finally, the response of the microstructure to vacuum energy
leads to a near cancellation of the cosmological constant, leaving behind a
tiny fluctuation which matches with the observed value.Comment: This essay received an ``honorable mention'' in the 2004 Essay
Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation; accepted for publication in
IJMP
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