Stulatkowie w świetle spisu powszechnego

The aim of the paper was to analyze the records of National Census (NC) conducted in Poland with special consideration of the oldest group of the population. According to the last NC performed in 2002, the number of people over the age of 100 (centenarians) in Poland was 1544 including 1215 females and 326 males. Data from the Polish Centenarians Study, PolStu2001, enabled the authors to verify the validity of NC. A comprehensive analysis of available original personal documents and individual history of life of the subjects showed that in case of 40% of male centenarians their age was overestimated. This phenomenon was especially explicit in parts of Poland with high repatriation rate after the World War II. In Podlaskie province, the percentage of centenarians was three times higher than in other provinces of Poland. Over the years, the validity of NC data has improved, however data concerning the oldest old require scrupulous verification

Program badawczy PolSenior – cele i metoda

Do najistotniejszych przyczyn demograficznego starzenia się społeczeństw należy stopniowe wydłużanie się życia ludzkiego, spowodowane m.in. poprawą warunków egzystencji i podniesieniem jakości świadczeń zdrowotnych, oraz spadek dzietności. Jeszcze w 2007 roku, kiedy rozpoczęto projekt PolSenior, liczba osób w grupie 65 lat i więcej wynosiła 5,1 mln, co stanowiło 13,5% ogółu ludności. Prognoza GUS zakłada, że do 2035 roku liczba ludności w tej grupie wieku zwiększy się w stosunku do 2007 roku o 3,2 mln, a jej udział w ogólnej liczbie ludności wyniesie 23,2

Geriatryczna Skala Oceny Depresji a sytuacja materialna i rodzinna osób starszych. Wstępne wyniki projektu PolSenior

Depresja to obok otępienia najczęstsze zaburzenie psychiczne występujące u osób w podeszłym wieku. Objawy kliniczne depresji są często niecharakterystyczne, co powoduje zbyt rzadkie rozpoznawanie zespołów depresyjnych u osób starszych. Celem niniejszej pracy była ocena częstości występowania nasilenia objawów depresji oraz określenie środowiskowych czynników towarzyszących tym objawom. W ogólnopolskim projekcie PolSenior, dedykowanym populacji w podeszłym wieku, zastosowano 15-punktową Geriatryczną Skalę Oceny Depresji (GDS). Grupę badaną stanowiły osoby w wieku 55-59 lat (kohorta przedpola starości) oraz 65 i więcej lat z dziewięciu województw. Badanie za pomocą GDS wykonano u 1718 respondentów (852 M, 866 K) bez istotnych zaburzeń funkcji poznawczych, którzy uzyskali w Krótkiej Skali Oceny Stanu Psychicznego (MMSE) co najmniej 70% punktacji maksymalnej. Wyniki GDS zestawiono z danymi, dotyczącymi sytuacji rodzinnej i materialnej respondentów. Z przeprowadzonych analiz wynika, że objawy depresyjne występują częściej u kobiet niż u mężczyzn, a częstość ich występowania zwiększa się wraz z wiekiem. Czynnikami ryzyka depresji są ponadto zła sytuacja materialna oraz samotne zamieszkiwanie

Socioeconomic determinants of prostate-specific antigen testing and estimation of the prevalence of undiagnosed prostate cancer in an elderly Polish population based on the PolSenior study

Introduction: Socioeconomic determinants of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and prevalence of undiagnosed prostate cancer (PCa) in the Polish population are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with PSA testing in elderly Polish men, and estimate the size of the population at risk of PCa related to PSA non-testing. Material and methods: We analyzed questionnaire-derived data concerning PSA testing, obtained in 2567 elderly and 332 younger (age: 55-59) participants of the population-based PolSenior study. Additionally, PSA was measured in 2414 subjects. Results: The PSA had previously been tested in 41.2% of elderly and in 24.8% of younger participants. Non-smoking status (OR = 2.06, p < 0.001), higher personal income (OR = 1.56, p < 0.001), better education (OR = 1.49, p = 0.001), previous white-collar work (OR = 1.37, p = 0.005), alcohol abstinence (OR = 1.28, p = 0.02), married status (OR = 1.24, p = 0.04), dependence in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) but not in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) (OR = 0.65, p < 0.001), and dependence in ADL (OR = 0.55, p < 0.001) were independent predictors of previous PSA testing in elderly participants. There were 31 elderly previously treated for PCa (calculated standardized prevalence: 935 per 100,000 elderly population). The PSA levels > 4 ng/ml were found in 12.8% of 65-74-year-old and 4.5% of 55–59-year-old previously non-tested participants. We calculated the standardized prevalence rate of undiagnosed PCa as approximately 1370 and 2352 cases per 100,000 population aged 55-59 and 65-74 years, respectively. Conclusions: In Poland, 58.8% of elderly men have never had PSA tested. These were less likely to be functionally independent, married, better educated, non-smokers or to have previous office employment or higher than average personal income. Our data suggest substantial underdiagnosis of prostate cancer among Polish men

Prevalence and socioeconomic predictors of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes in oldest-old and younger Caucasian seniors: results from the PolSenior study

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common diseases in the aging population; however, data concerning correlates of diabetes in age-advanced individuals are limited. The study aimed to identify the socioeconomic correlates of diabetes in representative groups of oldest-old (≥ 85 years) and younger (65 to 84 years) Polish Caucasian seniors. Material and methods: PolSenior is a multicentre, population-based study conducted in Poland. Fasting plasma glucose levels and data from detailed medical questionnaires were obtained from 2128 male and 1961 female study participants aged ≥ 65 years. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify significant socioeconomic risk factors for diabetes and undiagnosed diabetes. Results: The overall prevalence of diabetes in the study group was 21.9% (24.0% in women vs. 19.9% in men, p = 0.002), with an estimated weighted prevalence for all older Poles of 23.1%. Nearly one-fifth of cases were previously undiagnosed. Diabetes was more common in the younger elderly (65–84 years) than in the oldest-old (≥ 85 years) (23.4% vs. 18.6%, p &lt; 0.001). The frequency of diabetes was higher in women than in men (24.0% vs. 19.9%, p &lt; 0.002); however, men remained undiagnosed more commonly than women (4.7% vs. 3.3%, p = 0.029). The frequency of diabetes was higher among urban than rural dwellers (23% vs. 20.4%, p = 0.048). It was also related to marital status in women (p = 0.036) and occupation in men (p = 0.015). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the independent risk factors for diabetes were body mass index (BMI) and marital status in women, while in men it was solely BMI. Undiagnosed diabetes was more frequent among rural than city dwellers (4.8% vs. 3.5%, p = 0.03). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, only BMI and place of residence remained significant risk factors for being undiagnosed. Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetes in the ≥ 65-year-old population exceeds 20% but is lower in the oldest-old than in the younger elderly and is modified by socioeconomic factors. Many elderly individuals remain undiagnosed and do not benefit from the currently available therapy

Socioeconomic determinants of prostate-specific antigen testing and estimation of the prevalence of undiagnosed prostate cancer in an elderly Polish population based on the PolSenior study

INTRODUCTION: Socioeconomic determinants of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and prevalence of undiagnosed prostate cancer (PCa) in the Polish population are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with PSA testing in elderly Polish men, and estimate the size of the population at risk of PCa related to PSA non-testing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed questionnaire-derived data concerning PSA testing, obtained in 2567 elderly and 332 younger (age: 55–59) participants of the population-based PolSenior study. Additionally, PSA was measured in 2414 subjects. RESULTS: The PSA had previously been tested in 41.2% of elderly and in 24.8% of younger participants. Non-smoking status (OR = 2.06, p < 0.001), higher personal income (OR = 1.56, p < 0.001), better education (OR = 1.49, p = 0.001), previous white-collar work (OR = 1.37, p = 0.005), alcohol abstinence (OR = 1.28, p = 0.02), married status (OR = 1.24, p = 0.04), dependence in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) but not in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) (OR = 0.65, p < 0.001), and dependence in ADL (OR = 0.55, p < 0.001) were independent predictors of previous PSA testing in elderly participants. There were 31 elderly previously treated for PCa (calculated standardized prevalence: 935 per 100,000 elderly population). The PSA levels > 4 ng/ml were found in 12.8% of 65–74-year-old and 4.5% of 55–59-year-old previously non-tested participants. We calculated the standardized prevalence rate of undiagnosed PCa as approximately 1370 and 2352 cases per 100,000 population aged 55–59 and 65–74 years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In Poland, 58.8% of elderly men have never had PSA tested. These were less likely to be functionally independent, married, better educated, non-smokers or to have previous office employment or higher than average personal income. Our data suggest substantial underdiagnosis of prostate cancer among Polish men

Prevalence of chronic pain in the elderly Polish population – results of the PolSenior study

Introduction : Pain is the most common complaint of elderly people. In Poland, no large studies on the prevalence of chronic pain in the elderly were conducted until recently. Material and methods : The study was a part of the PolSenior project, a cross-sectional multidisciplinary study on ageing of the Polish population, and included a randomly selected group of 716 people aged 55–59 years, and 4979 people over 65 years. The survey was conducted through a standardized questionnaire. An evaluation of pain occurrence, location, intensity and coexistence of pains in relation to gender, age and use of health care was performed. Results : Chronic pain affected 42.0% of respondents aged 65 years and over (48.6% of women and 35.8% of men) as compared to 35.2% of the pre-elderly. The most common pain locations were the lumbar region (51.6%) and knees (41.0%). The average number of pain sites was 3.1 ±2.3. Average intensity of pain was 6.2 points on the VAS scale in people over 65 years and 6.0 points in the pre-elderly (NS). Average pain intensity increased significantly from 5.7 points in patients reporting pain in one place to 7.2 points in those reporting six pain sites. Elderly respondents with pain compared to those without pain more frequently reported physician visits performed at least once a month (54.6% vs. 48.4%, p < 0.001). Conclusions : Polish elderly most frequently complained of low back and lower limb pain. In respondents reporting many sites of pain, an increase in the intensity of pain was observed. Elderly patients with chronic pain often use medical care