Stabilitas Termal Minuman Emulsi Dari Pekatan Karoten Minyak Sawit Merah Selama Penyimpanan

Minuman emulsi, sebagai produk dengan kadar air yang tinggi (30-40%, mudah untuk mengalami kerusakan akibat reaksi hidrolisis dan oksidasi, selanjutnya dapat menghasilkan produk lanjut berupa prooksidan dan radikal bebas yang sangat berbahaya bagi kesehatan dan bersifat karsinogenik.Analisis terhadap kestabilan oksidatif- termal minuman emulsi perlu dilakukan untuk menentukan status keamanan pangan produk tersebut. Bilangan peroksida (PV) digunakan sebagai penanda tingkat oksidasi dan kerusakan lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui stabilitas oksidatif-termal minuman emulsi yang diproduksi dari minyak sawit merah dan mengetahui kinetika Perubahan bilangan peroksida selama penyimpanan. Penyimpanan dilakukan pada empat macam suhu (lemari es, suhu ruang, 30 oC, 40 oC, dan 50 oC) dan pengukuran PV dilakukan secara titrasi menggunakan 0,1N Na2S2O3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama penyimpanan, PV mengalami peningkatan signifikan, padahal dalam produk terkandung karoten (anti oksidan alami) yang tinggi. Laju peningkatan PV terendah teramati pada penyimpanan di suhu refrigerasi (9oC) yaitu 0.354 meq O2/kg produk/minggu dan meningkat dengan persamaan PV = PV0+ t.e(-827.8(1/T) + 1.866) sejalan dengan peningkatan suhu (T dalam Kalvin) dan masa simpan (t dalam minggu). Berdasarkan batas maksimum PV yang direkomendasi oleh Palm Oil Refiners Association of Malaysia (PORAM) produk pangan berminyak, yaitu 5 meq O2/kg produk, masa kadaluarsa minuman emulsi tiap suhu penyimpanan (refrigerasi, suhu kamar, dan suhu 30 oC, 40 oC, dan 50 oC) adalah 11.8; 5.0; 9.7; 9.5 and 8.6 minggu. Tingginya PV menunjukkan stabilitas oksidasi-termal relatif rendah

The application of gelatinisation techniques in modification of cassava and yam starches using precipitation method

Starches modified using the precipitation method which are added to edible film formulation were shown to lower water vapor transmission rates and increase the mechanical strength of the film. The effect may not only be due to the changes in starch morphology, but other aspects of the starch granules, such as their size and chemical properties in particular, are also suggested as reasons for improvements to the quality of edible film by modified starches. The aim of this research was to determine physicochemical changes in modified cassava and yam starches using several gelatinisation techniques in the precipitation method. The gelatinisation techniques used in this study were two methods of heating (using a hotplate and autoclave reactor + oven heating) and two types of starch solvent (distilled water and a mixture of distilled water and ethanol 1:1, v/v). The results showed that both cassava and yam starch granules modified using a hotplate at a heating temperature of 100 °C for 30 min were more badly damaged and smaller than those modified using autoclave reactor + oven heating at 140 °C for 1 h. However, the latter suffered more damage and were smaller in size when the heating time was increased to 3–5 h. All techniques applied in the modification increased the intensities of stretching vibration of O–H and C–H, and bound water bending vibration. The use of ethanol in the starch solvent enabled the starches to retain the shape and size of the granules despite the rearrangement of intra and intermolecular bonding as confirmed by FTIR spectra. © 2021, Association of Food Scientists & Technologists (India)