<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>‑Dimethylformamide as Hydride Source in Nickel-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of α,β-Unsaturated Esters

Asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated esters is realized by using a nickel/bisphosphine catalyst and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as the hydride source

<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>‑Dimethylformamide as Hydride Source in Nickel-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of α,β-Unsaturated Esters

Asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated esters is realized by using a nickel/bisphosphine catalyst and <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylformamide (DMF) as the hydride source

Data_Sheet_1_Meta-Analysis of Oral Anticoagulants and Adverse Outcomes in Atrial Fibrillation Patients After Intracranial Hemorrhage.PDF

BackgroundIntracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is excluded in most anticoagulation randomized clinical trials (RCTs), so oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy is still the conventional treatment for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) after ICH. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to determine the effectiveness and safety outcomes of OAC for these patients.MethodsWe systematically searched the PubMed and Embase databases up to March 2022 for RCTs and observational studies exploring the effect of OAC in patients with AF after ICH. The effectiveness outcomes included stroke or systemic embolism, ischemic stroke, and all-cause death, whereas the safety outcomes were major bleeding and recurrent ICH. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from each study were pooled using a random-effects model.ResultsA total of 14 studies were included. The OAC therapy that was performed reduced the risks of stroke or systemic embolism (HR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.53–0.81), ischemic stroke (HR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.60–0.82), and all-cause death (HR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.27–0.70) but had a higher risk of major bleeding (HR = 1.50, 95% CI 0.94–2.40) and showed no difference in recurrent ICH (HR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.53–1.55) compared to the no OAC therapy. With the use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) therapy, a lower risk of stroke or systemic embolism (HR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.70–0.98), all-cause death (HR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.53–0.84), and recurrent ICH (HR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.54–0.86) was observed against the use of vitamin K antagonists (VKA) therapy.ConclusionThe OAC therapy (especially VKA) revealed superior effectiveness in patients with AF after ICH, and the superiority of NOAC was also found, but some related evidence was limited.</p

Asymmetric Umpolung Hydrogenation and Deuteration of Alkenes Catalyzed by Nickel

Nickel-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of several types of alkenes proceeds in high enantioselectivity, using acetic acid or water as the hydrogen source and indium powder as electron donor. The scope of alkenes herein include α,β-unsaturated esters, nitriles, and ketones as well as allylic alcohols. Asymmetric deuteration of α,β-unsaturated esters is also achieved with deuterated water, the cheapest deuterium source

Asymmetric Umpolung Hydrogenation and Deuteration of Alkenes Catalyzed by Nickel

Nickel-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of several types of alkenes proceeds in high enantioselectivity, using acetic acid or water as the hydrogen source and indium powder as electron donor. The scope of alkenes herein include α,β-unsaturated esters, nitriles, and ketones as well as allylic alcohols. Asymmetric deuteration of α,β-unsaturated esters is also achieved with deuterated water, the cheapest deuterium source

Study on the forming of complex shaped microparts by progressive micropunching of thin copper strip

In this work, a progressive micropunching technology was proposed to form complex shaped microparts using thin copper strip with a thickness of 200 μm. The mechanical properties, microstructure and texture of the annealed thin copper strip were systematically studied, and the quality of the formed microparts through both 1-step micropunching and progressive micropunching were evaluated and discussed. The results show that annealing temperatures of 500 and 600 °C are beneficial to improve the plasticity and formability of copper strips, thereby enhancing the dimensional and shape accuracy of formed complex shaped microparts. Compared with the formed products after 1-step micropunching, the smooth zone of the microparts by progressive micropunched increases by 25%. Also, progressive micropunching significantly improves the surface finish of the cross section of formed microparts. Overall, the proposed progressive micropunching process is functional to enhance the dimensional and shape accuracy of punched parts, exhibiting superiority in comparison with 1-step micropunching process

Postsynthetic Modification of Thermo-Treated Metal–Organic Framework for Combined Photothermal/Photodynamic Antibacterial Therapy

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are emerging porous materials that can serve as carriers of photosensitizers and photothermal agents. Meanwhile, a large number of active sites in MOFs endow them with the characteristics of modification by postsynthetic modification. Herein, a dual-modal PDT/PTT therapeutic agent HMIL-121-acriflavine-tetrakis (4-amoniophenyl) porphyrin (HMIL-ACF-Por), prepared by the postsynthetic modification of the MOF (HMIL-121), was reported for antibacterial applications. The prepared HMIL-ACF-Por enables the generation of abundant reactive oxygen species, including the superoxide anion radical (O2–) and singlet oxygen (1O2), and thermal energy under 808 nm NIR laser irradiation. HMIL-ACF-Por showed good antibacterial ability against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. Meanwhile, HMIL-ACF-Por can effectively inhibit the inflammatory response caused by bacterial infection and accelerate S. aureus-infected wound healing under laser irradiation owing to the synergistic effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT). These results demonstrate that HMIL-ACF-Por is a promising PDT/PTT therapeutic agent. This work also contributes to offering an effective solution for treating bacterial infections and promotes the application of MOF-based materials in biomedicine

The antagonist of P2Y11 receptor NF157 ameliorates oxidized LDL-induced vascular endothelial inflammation

Atherosclerosis is the chronic inflammatory disease, and inflammation-elicited endothelial activation is an early event in the development of atherosclerosis. The P2Y11 receptor is a purinergic receptor and a member of the P2 family of G coupled protein which has been shown to modulate vascular function. Progress in the study of purine receptors has been tremendous and these receptors have become pharmacological targets for various diseases. In this study, we show that the P2Y11R antagonist NF157 can mitigate oxidized LDL (ox-LDL)-induced endothelial inflammation. Our study demonstrates that P2Y11R is expressed to a fair degree in human aortic endothelial cells and is induced by treatment with ox-LDL. Blockage of P2Y11R by its selective antagonist NF157 ameliorates ox-LDL-induced adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to endothelial cells. NF157 inhibits ox-LDL-induced expression of adhesion molecules including E-selectin and VCAM-1. NF157 also suppresses ox-LDL-associated ROS production and induction of the NADPH oxidase subunit NOX-4. Moreover, NF157 has an inhibitory effect on the production of major cytokines including IL-6 and TNF-α. Mechanistically, we show that NF157 mitigates ox-LDL-induced phosphorylation of MAPK kinase p38 and NF-κB activation. Our findings indicate that blockage of P2Y11R signalling by its antagonist NF157 may protect endothelial cells from ox-LDL-induced endothelial inflammation. Therefore, NF157 may have therapeutic implications in the modulation of atherosclerosis-associated inflammation.</p

High-Voltage Resistant Ionic Liquids for Lithium-Ion Batteries

With the growing demand for high energy and high power density rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, increasing research is focused on improving the output voltage of these batteries. Herein, a series of pyrrolidinium and piperidinium cations with various N-substituents (including cyanomethyl, benzyl, butyl, hexyl, and octyl groups) were synthesized and investigated with respect to their electrochemical stability under high voltages. The influence of substitutions at the N-position of pyrrolidinium and piperidinium cations on their high-voltage resistance was studied by both theoretical and experimental approaches. The voltage resistance was enhanced as the electron-donating ability of the substitutes increased. Furthermore, 1-hexyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis­(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide ([C6Py]­[TFSI]) exhibited the highest decomposition voltage at approximately 5.12 V and showed promising potential in a lithium-ion battery

Fluorescent Imidazolium-Type Poly(ionic liquid)s for Bacterial Imaging and Biofilm Inhibition

Fluorescent imidazolium-type poly­(ionic liquid)­s (PIL)­s were synthesized by anion exchange of bromide (Br–) in poly­(3-butyl-1-vinylimidazolium bromide) (PIL-Br) with a fluorescent anion, namely, 3-(4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)­phenoxy)­propane-1-sulfonate (TPESO3–). Such an anion exchange provided antibacterial PILs with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties that simultaneously kill and image bacteria. These fluorescence and antibacterial properties could be regulated by controlling the Br–/TPESO3– ratio. The fluorescence intensity increases as this ratio increases, while the antibacterial property exhibits an opposite trend. Moreover, the AIE-type PILs are useful for fluorescently imaging dead bacteria (macroscopically and microscopically) and could effectively inhibit biofilm growth. This study provided a convenient method to obtain fluorescent PILs with adjustable antibacterial and imaging properties