Estudio comparativo de la densidad del agua y su aplicación en el presupuesto de incertidumbre para calibraciones en volumen

Dentro de la magnitud volumen, el método de calibración de mejor precisión es el gravimétrico. Para la calibración se usa un líquido de densidad conocida. En este método, el líquido de calibración utilizado es el agua destilada, ya que tiene ampliamente estudiada la variación de la densidad con relación a la temperatura. Para los cálculos de volumen a la temperatura de referencia, se utiliza la densidad del agua destilada obtenida a partir del uso de modelos matemáticos como, por ejemplo, la ecuación de Tanaka (Tanaka, et al., 2001). Si bien existen requisitos para el agua destilada (grado 3) en la norma ISO 3696 (International Organization for Standardization, 1987), y el laboratorio debe realizar los estudios periódicos de conductividad del agua utilizada, es necesario estudiar el apartamiento del valor de la densidad real del agua destilada con el valor obtenido mediante el uso de la ecuación de Tanaka. Además, es importante determinar si se debe considerar este apartamiento del valor de densidad (calculado por el modelo de Tanaka y medido por densímetro de oscilación) en la estimación de incertidumbre en las calibraciones de volumen por método gravimétricos

Estudo comparativo da densidade da água e sua aplicação no orçamento de incerteza para calibrações de volume

In the quantity of volume, gravimetric method is considered the best accuracy method for the quantitative determination of an analyte based on its mass. The distilled water is selected as calibration liquid because it is well known how its density changes with temperature. For volume calculation at reference temperature, the water density value is obtained by known mathematic models, for example, Tanaka equation (Tanaka, et al., 2001). According to ISO 3696 (International Organization for Standardization, 1987), there are requirements for water (Grade 3), the lab needs to perform periodic studies of conductivity, but it is necessary to study the water density deviation and comparing this value with that obtained by Tanaka equation. If this deviation value (calculated by Tanaka Equation vs Oscillation – type density meter is significant, it must be considered in the uncertainty estimation for volume calibration using gravimetric method.Dentro de la magnitud volumen, el método de calibración de mejor precisión es el gravimétrico. Para la calibración se usa un En este método, el líquido de calibración utilizado es el agua destilada, ya que tiene ampliamente estudiada la variación de la densidad con relación a la temperatura. Para los cálculos de volumen a la temperatura de referencia se utiliza la densidad del agua destilada obtenida a partir del uso de modelos matemáticos como, por ejemplo, la ecuación de Tanaka (Tanaka, et al., 2001). Si bien existen requisitos para el agua destilada (grado 3) en la norma ISO 3696 (International Organization for Standardization, 1987), y el laboratorio debe realizar los estudios periódicos de conductividad del agua utilizada, es necesario estudiar el apartamiento del valor de la densidad real del agua destilada con el valor obtenido mediante el uso de la ecuación de Tanaka. Además, es importante determinar si se debe considerar este apartamiento del valor de densidad (y medido por densímetro de oscilación) en la estimación de incertidumbre en las calibraciones de volumen por método gravimétrico.Dentro da magnitude volume, o método de calibração mais preciso é o gravimétrico. Um líquido de densidade conhecida é usado para calibração. Nesse método, o líquido de calibração utilizado é a água destilada, que tem a variação da densidade em relação à temperatura amplamente estudada. Para cálculos de volume na temperatura de referência, utiliza-se a densidade da água destilada obtida com o uso de modelos matemáticos como a equação de Tanaka (Tanaka, et al., 2001). Embora existam requisitos para água destilada (grau 3) na norma ISO 3696 (International Organization for Standardization, 1987), e o laboratório realiza estudos periódicos de condutividade da água utilizada, é necessário estudar o afastamento do valor da densidade real da água destilada com o valor obtido usando a equação de Tanaka. Além disso, é importante determinar se este desvio do valor de densidade (calculado pelo modelo de Tanaka e medido por densímetro de oscilação) deve ser considerado na estimativa da incerteza nas calibrações de volume pelo método gravimétrico. &nbsp

Alteraciones morfológicas en las mitocondrias en la piel de enfermos con esclerosis lateral amiotrófica esporádica

Mitochondrial dysfunction has been reported in the central nervous system, hepatocytes and peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (SALS). However, the status of skin mitochondria has not been reported, in spite of the fact that SALS patients present skin abnormalities. The objective of the present study was to compare mitochondrial ultrastructural parameters in keratinocytes from patients with SALS and healthy controls.Existen alteraciones en la función mitocondrial en el sistema nervioso central, en hepatocitos y en linfocitos de sangre periférica en SALS. Aunque, no se ha estudiado si existen cambios estructurales en las mitocondrias de la piel. Nuestro objetivo fue comparar la ultraestructura de mitocondrias en queratinocitos de enfermos con SALS con la de controles sanos.Fil: Rodríguez, Gabriel E.. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Ramos Mejía"; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez Deniselle, Maria Claudia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Bioquímica Humana; ArgentinaFil: Gargiulo Monachelli, Gisella Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Ramos Mejía"; ArgentinaFil: Lopez Costa, Juan J.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. Eduardo de Robertis". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia; ArgentinaFil: De Nicola A. F.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Bioquímica Humana; ArgentinaFil: Sica, Roberto Ernesto Pedro. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; Argentin

Multiplex PCR followed by restriction length polymorphism analysis for the subtyping of bovine herpesvirus 5 isolates

Background: Several types and subtypes of bovine herpesviruses 1 and 5 (BoHV-1 and BoHV-5) have been associated to different clinical conditions of cattle, making type/subtype differentiation essential to understand the pathogenesis and epidemiology of BoHV infections. BoHV-5 subtyping is currently carried out by BstEII restriction enzyme analysis (REA) of the complete virus genome. This method allowed the description of three subtypes, one of which is the most widespread while the remaining two have so far only been found in South America. The present work describes a multiplex PCR followed by REA for BoHV-5 subtyping. Results: The method consists in the simultaneous amplification of glycoprotein B and UL54 gene fragments of 534 and 669 base pairs (bp), respectively, BstEII digestion of amplicons, separation of products in 1% agarose gels, and analysis of fragment length polymorphims. The multiplex PCR detected up to 227 BoHV-5 genome copies and 9.2 × 105 BoHV-5 genome copies when DNA was extracted from purified virus or infected tissue homogenates, respectively. The applicability of multiplex PCR-REA was demonstrated on 3 BoHV-5 reference strains. In addition, subtyping of two new isolates and seventeen previously reported ones (17 BHV-5a and 2 BHV-5b) by this method gave coincident results with those obtained with the classic BstEII REA assay. Conclusions: Multiplex PCR-REA provides a new tool for the fast and simple diagnosis and subtyping of BoHV-5

Pan-Cancer Analysis of lncRNA Regulation Supports Their Targeting of Cancer Genes in Each Tumor Context

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are commonly dys-regulated in tumors, but only a handful are known toplay pathophysiological roles in cancer. We inferredlncRNAs that dysregulate cancer pathways, onco-genes, and tumor suppressors (cancer genes) bymodeling their effects on the activity of transcriptionfactors, RNA-binding proteins, and microRNAs in5,185 TCGA tumors and 1,019 ENCODE assays.Our predictions included hundreds of candidateonco- and tumor-suppressor lncRNAs (cancerlncRNAs) whose somatic alterations account for thedysregulation of dozens of cancer genes and path-ways in each of 14 tumor contexts. To demonstrateproof of concept, we showed that perturbations tar-geting OIP5-AS1 (an inferred tumor suppressor) andTUG1 and WT1-AS (inferred onco-lncRNAs) dysre-gulated cancer genes and altered proliferation ofbreast and gynecologic cancer cells. Our analysis in-dicates that, although most lncRNAs are dysregu-lated in a tumor-specific manner, some, includingOIP5-AS1, TUG1, NEAT1, MEG3, and TSIX, synergis-tically dysregulate cancer pathways in multiple tumorcontexts

Genomic, Pathway Network, and Immunologic Features Distinguishing Squamous Carcinomas

This integrated, multiplatform PanCancer Atlas study co-mapped and identified distinguishing molecular features of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) from five sites associated with smokin

Pan-cancer Alterations of the MYC Oncogene and Its Proximal Network across the Cancer Genome Atlas

Although theMYConcogene has been implicated incancer, a systematic assessment of alterations ofMYC, related transcription factors, and co-regulatoryproteins, forming the proximal MYC network (PMN),across human cancers is lacking. Using computa-tional approaches, we define genomic and proteo-mic features associated with MYC and the PMNacross the 33 cancers of The Cancer Genome Atlas.Pan-cancer, 28% of all samples had at least one ofthe MYC paralogs amplified. In contrast, the MYCantagonists MGA and MNT were the most frequentlymutated or deleted members, proposing a roleas tumor suppressors.MYCalterations were mutu-ally exclusive withPIK3CA,PTEN,APC,orBRAFalterations, suggesting that MYC is a distinct onco-genic driver. Expression analysis revealed MYC-associated pathways in tumor subtypes, such asimmune response and growth factor signaling; chro-matin, translation, and DNA replication/repair wereconserved pan-cancer. This analysis reveals insightsinto MYC biology and is a reference for biomarkersand therapeutics for cancers with alterations ofMYC or the PMN

An Integrated TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource to Drive High-Quality Survival Outcome Analytics

For a decade, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program collected clinicopathologic annotation data along with multi-platform molecular profiles of more than 11,000 human tumors across 33 different cancer types. TCGA clinical data contain key features representing the democratized nature of the data collection process. To ensure proper use of this large clinical dataset associated with genomic features, we developed a standardized dataset named the TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource (TCGA-CDR), which includes four major clinical outcome endpoints. In addition to detailing major challenges and statistical limitations encountered during the effort of integrating the acquired clinical data, we present a summary that includes endpoint usage recommendations for each cancer type. These TCGA-CDR findings appear to be consistent with cancer genomics studies independent of the TCGA effort and provide opportunities for investigating cancer biology using clinical correlates at an unprecedented scale. Analysis of clinicopathologic annotations for over 11,000 cancer patients in the TCGA program leads to the generation of TCGA Clinical Data Resource, which provides recommendations of clinical outcome endpoint usage for 33 cancer types