Efficient Syntheses of Star-Branched, Multifunctional Mesogens

Star-branched molecular architectures lend themselves to convergent synthesis strategies for creating materials that combine three or more functional modalities, but these approaches require a core moiety with several reactive groups that are orthogonal to one another. The direct synthesis of three-arm, star-branched mesogens has been investigated via the Passerini three-component reaction to demonstrate how multicomponent reactions circumvent the need to identify and synthesize specialized branched core molecules

DataSheet_1_Changing trends in the disease burden of uterine cancer globally from 1990 to 2019 and its predicted level in 25 years.docx

BackgroundWe aim to evaluate the global, regional, and national burden of Uterine Cancer (UC) from 1990 to 2019.MethodsWe gathered UC data across 204 countries and regions for the period 1990-2019, utilizing the Global Burden of Disease Database (GBD) 2019 public dataset. Joinpoint regression analysis was employed to pinpoint the year of the most significant changes in global trends. To project the UC trajectory from 2020 to 2044, we applied the Nordpred analysis, extrapolating based on the average trend observed in the data. Furthermore, the Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) model with integrated nested Laplace approximations was implemented to confirm the stability of the Nordpred analysis predictions.ResultsGlobally, the age-standardized rate (ASR) of incidence for UC has increased from 1990 to 2019 with an Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) of 0.50%. The ASR for death has declined within the same period (AAPC: -0.8%). An increase in the ASR of incidence was observed across all Socio-demographic Index (SDI) regions, particularly in High SDI regions (AAPC: 1.12%), while the ASR for death decreased in all but the Low SDI regions. Over the past 30 years, the highest incidence rate was observed in individuals aged 55-59 (AAPC: 0.76%). Among 204 countries and regions, there was an increase in the ASR of incidence in 165 countries and an increase in the ASR of deaths in 77 countries. Our projections suggest that both the incidence and death rates for UC are likely to continue their decline from 2020 to 2044.ConclusionsUC has significantly impacted global health negatively, with its influence stemming from a range of factors including geographical location, age-related and racial disparities, and SDI.</p

Insights into Promoted Adsorption Capability of Layered BiOCl Nanostructures Decorated with TiO₂ Nanoparticles

Rational design of excellent adsorbents with remarkable adsorption capability and renewable properties is of significant importance to practical applications. Herein, an adsorbent of BiOCl nanoplates decorated with TiO₂ nanoparticles was successfully prepared from porous BiOCl microspheres and tetrabutoxytitanium. Through TiO₂ nanoparticle decoration, the tuned morphology, surface charge property, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, and hydrophilic property of the BiOCl microsphere were favorable for achieving optimization of adsorption capability toward Congo red removal with a maximum adsorption amount of 254.7 mg/g. A possible adsorption mechanism model involving the BET surface area, electrostatic interactions, and competitive adsorption between solvent and solute was proposed to account for the enhancement of adsorption capability of BiOCl-TiO₂ nanocomposites compared to those of pure BiOCl and TiO₂. Furthermore, the BiOCl-TiO₂ nanocomposite adsorbent can be simply regenerated by a photocatalysis technique and efficiently reused for adsorption repeatedly. In addition, TiO₂ nanoparticle-based decoration could be a general strategy to boost the adsorption capacity of other Bi-based nanostructures, which is confirmed by Bi₂O₂CO₃-TiO₂, Bi₂S₃-TiO₂, Bi₂MoO₆-TiO₂, and Bi₂O₃-TiO₂ nanocomposites

Klotho reduced ISO-induced apoptosis and ROS production.

<p>(A) Quantitative plot of TUNEL positive cells in CON, ISO and ISO+KL groups for 2, 5, 9 days. Apoptosis rate was determined by the ratio of apoptotic nuclei to total nuclei. The average total cells for each section are about 2000. Data are mean±SEM, n=3. * P<0.05 between two compared groups; NS, no significance. (B) Representative images of Dihydroethidium (DHE) staining of LV sections in CON, ISO and ISO+KL groups for 9 days . Red fluorescence represented the ROS production.200×. (C) Quantitative plot of relative DHE fluorescence intensities normalized by CON. Data are mean±SEM, n=3. * P<0.05 between two compared groups.</p

Klotho regulated the phosphorylation of MAPK.

<p>(A) Representative images of western blotting of p-ERK1/2, ERK1/2, p-p38, p38, p-JNK, JNK and GAPDH in H9c2 cells treated by ISO and/or different concentrations of klotho (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10ug/ml). (B,C,D) Demonstration of the phosphorylation of p-ERK1/2(B), p-p38(C) and p-JNK(D) in ISO, ISO+KL(0.01ug/ml), ISO+KL(0.1ug/ml), ISO+KL(1ug/ml), ISO+KL(10ug/ml) groups. Data are mean±SEM, n=3. * P<0.05 between two compared groups; NS, no significance.</p

Klotho decreased the expression of GRP78 in mouse heart.

<p>(A) Representative images of immunohistochemical staining for GRP78, in CON, ISO and ISO+KL groups for 2, 5 and 9 days. Scale bar=50 um, 400×.(B) Quantitative plot of average expression of GRP78. The expression level of GRP78 in the ISO+KL group was significantly lower than in the ISO group at day 9. Data are mean±SEM, n=3-4. * P<0.05 between two compared groups; NS, no significance.</p

Klotho decreased the expression of CHOP in mouse heart.

<p>(A) Representative images of immunohistochemical staining for CHOP in CON, ISO and ISO+KL groups for 2, 5 and 9 days. Scale bar=50 um, 400×. Black arrows represent the positive staining of CHOP expressed in nuclei. (B) Quantitative plot of average expression of CHOP. The expression level of CHOP in the ISO+KL group was significantly lower than in the ISO group at day 9. Data are mean±SEM, n=5 . * P<0.05 between two compared groups; NS, no significance.</p

Klotho reduced ISO-induced apoptosis and ROS production in H9c2 cells.

<p>(A) Representative images of apoptosis assay in H9c2 cells treated by different concentrations of ISO. (B) Demonstration of apoptosis rate.(C) Representative images of apoptosis assay in H9c2 cells treated by ISO and/or klotho. (D) Demonstration of apoptosis rate. Data are mean±SEM, n=5. * P<0.05 between two compared groups; NS, no significance. (E) Representative images of DCF fluorescence signal assessed by FCS Express. (F) Demonstration of the relative DCF fluorescence intensity normalized by CON. Data are mean±SEM. n=3 * P<0.05 between two compared groups; NS, no significance. </p

Klotho decreased the mRNA of ER stress-related proteins in ISO-stimulated mouse heart.

<p>(A,B,C) Quantitative plots of GRP78, HSP47 and CHOP mRNA in CON, ISO and ISO+KL groups for 2, 5 and 9 days. Klotho decreased the GRP78 and HSP47 mRNA from day2 to day9, and it significantly reduced CHOP mRNA at day 9. Data are mean±SEM, n=3. * P<0.05 between two compared groups; NS, no significance.</p

Klotho decreased the expression of HSP47 in mouse heart.

<p>(A) Representative images of immunohistochemical staining for HSP47 in CON, ISO and ISO+KL groups for 2, 5 and 9 days. Scale bar=50 um, 400×. (B) Quantitative plot of average expression of HSP47. The expression level of HSP47 in the ISO+KL group was significantly lower than in the ISO group at day 2, 5, 9. Data are mean±SEM, n=5. * P<0.05 between two compared groups; NS, no significance.</p