Etching Phosphate Glass-Ceramic with Phosphoric Acid to the Recyclable Synthesis of Porous Materials

HCl, H2SO4, or HNO3 was traditionally used to selectively etch phosphate glass-ceramic to form porous skeleton materials. Herein, the feasibility of using H3PO4 to etch phosphate-based glass ceramics was confirmed. The innovative selection of H3PO4 as the etching medium made the waste solution generated during the etching process fully recyclable in the material reproduction. The composition, crystallization, microstructure, and performance of the glass synthesized with the collected waste etching solution as well as the resultant glass-ceramic and the final porous material were fully compared with those of the originally prepared one using pure H3PO4 reagent as the starting raw material. This study not only provides a protocol to eliminate the release of wastewater in the chemical etching route but also to save valuable resources for material synthesis. Moreover, the resynthesized porous material has a larger surface area and thus better adsorption and photocatalytic efficiencies than the originally synthesized one

Table_1_Identifying a lactic acid metabolism-related gene signature contributes to predicting prognosis, immunotherapy efficacy, and tumor microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma.docx

Lactic acid, once considered as an endpoint or a waste metabolite of glycolysis, has emerged as a major regulator of cancer development, maintenance, and progression. However, studies about lactic acid metabolism-related genes (LRGs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain unclear. Two distinct molecular subtypes were identified on basis of 24 LRGs and found the significant enrichment of subtype A in metabolism-related pathways and had better overall survival (OS). Subsequently, a prognostic signature based on 5 OS-related LRGs was generated using Lasso Cox hazards regression analysis in TCGA dataset and was validated in two external cohorts. Then, a highly accurate nomogram was cosntructed to improve the clinical application of the LRG_score. By further analyzing the LRG_score, higher immune score and lower stromal score were found in the low LRG_score group, which presented a better prognosis. Patients with low LRG_score also exhibited lower somatic mutation rate, tumor mutation burden (TMB), and cancer stem cell (CSC) index. Three more independent cohorts (GSE126044: anti-PD-1, GSE135222: anti-PD-1, and IMvigor210: anti-PD-L1) were analyzed, and the results showed that patients in the low LRG_score category were more responsive to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 medication and had longer survival times. It was also determined that gefitinib, etoposide, erlotinib, and gemcitabine were more sensitive to the low LRG_score group. Finally, we validated the stability and reliability of LRG_score in cell lines, clinical tissue samples and HPA databases. Overall, the LRG_score may improve prognostic information and provide directions for current research on drug treatment strategies for LUAD patients.</p

Uptake of Hexavalent Chromium in Electroplating Wastewater by Hydrothermally Treated and Functionalized Sand and Its Sustainable Reutilization for Glass Production

Sand used for glass production was first hydrothermally treated in a sodium hydroxide solution followed by silica coating that created nanoporosity in the residual sand particles increasing the surface area by ca. 740 times when compared to parent sand particles. The hydrothermally treated sand was named as reconstructed sand (R-sand) and was further functionalized with 3-amino­propyl­trieth­oxysilane (F-Sand) and both sands were later used as adsorbents to remove toxic chromium from aqueous solutions. The influence of pH, initial ion concentration, contact time, adsorption temperature, and dosage of adsorbent on the adsorption performance of both sands were investigated and compared. The kinetics of Cr⁶⁺ adsorption by both sands follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, while the adsorption of Cr⁶⁺ of R-sand and F-sand fits Langmuir and Freundlich models, respectively. The F-sand has shown improved adsorption performance and was used to adsorb chromium from electroplating wastewater. Since the hydrothermal treatment and the followed silica coating did not cause changes in the chemical properties of the sand as glass ingredient, the spent adsorbents containing homogeneously distributed chromium were successfully applied in preparing clear green glasses. The visible light spectra of the glasses prepared by the adsorbed chromium from either the aqueous solutions or the electroplating wastewater were compared with those by the chemical and commercial chromium colorants, confirming the feasibility using the adsorbed metal ions for glass colorization. Chromium from the electroplating wastewater was thus permanently immobilized and indefinitely recyclable in glasses. The present route can be extended to other heavy metal ion contaminants (such as Ni, Cu, Cd, Mn, Co, Zn, Pb, etc). In addition, the study also provides a method to treat used adsorbents, avoiding the generation of solid pollutants which greatly hinder the application of adsorption method in purifying metal ion-containing wastewater

Table_2_Identifying a lactic acid metabolism-related gene signature contributes to predicting prognosis, immunotherapy efficacy, and tumor microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma.docx

Lactic acid, once considered as an endpoint or a waste metabolite of glycolysis, has emerged as a major regulator of cancer development, maintenance, and progression. However, studies about lactic acid metabolism-related genes (LRGs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain unclear. Two distinct molecular subtypes were identified on basis of 24 LRGs and found the significant enrichment of subtype A in metabolism-related pathways and had better overall survival (OS). Subsequently, a prognostic signature based on 5 OS-related LRGs was generated using Lasso Cox hazards regression analysis in TCGA dataset and was validated in two external cohorts. Then, a highly accurate nomogram was cosntructed to improve the clinical application of the LRG_score. By further analyzing the LRG_score, higher immune score and lower stromal score were found in the low LRG_score group, which presented a better prognosis. Patients with low LRG_score also exhibited lower somatic mutation rate, tumor mutation burden (TMB), and cancer stem cell (CSC) index. Three more independent cohorts (GSE126044: anti-PD-1, GSE135222: anti-PD-1, and IMvigor210: anti-PD-L1) were analyzed, and the results showed that patients in the low LRG_score category were more responsive to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 medication and had longer survival times. It was also determined that gefitinib, etoposide, erlotinib, and gemcitabine were more sensitive to the low LRG_score group. Finally, we validated the stability and reliability of LRG_score in cell lines, clinical tissue samples and HPA databases. Overall, the LRG_score may improve prognostic information and provide directions for current research on drug treatment strategies for LUAD patients.</p

Table_2_Comprehensive Analysis of Molecular Clusters and Prognostic Signature Based on m7G-related LncRNAs in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.xlsx

N7-Methylguanosine (m7G) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been widely reported to play an important role in cancer. However, there is little known about the relationship between m7G-related lncRNAs and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, we aimed to find new potential biomarkers and construct an m7G-related lncRNA prognostic signature for ESCC. Three molecular clusters were identified by consensus clustering of 963 m7G-related lncRNAs, of which cluster B is preferentially related to poorer prognosis, higher immune and stromal scores, higher mRNA levels of immune checkpoints, and higher immune infiltrate level. We constructed a robust and effective m7G-related lncRNA prognostic signature (m7G-LPS, including 7 m7G-related prognostic lncRNAs) and demonstrated its prognostic value and predictive ability in the GEO and TCGA cohorts. The risk score was able to serve as an independent risk factor for patients with ESCC and showed better prediction than the traditional clinical risk factors. The immune score, stromal score, the infiltration level of immune cells and expression of immune checkpoints were significantly higher in the high-risk subgroup compared to the low-risk subgroup. The establishment of nomogram further improved the performance of m7G-LPS and facilitated its clinical application. Finally, we used GTEx RNA-seq data and qRT-PCR experiments to verify the expression levels of 7 m7G-related lncRNAs. To a certain degree, m7G-lncRNAs can be used as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for ESCC patients.</p

Image_1_Comprehensive Analysis of Molecular Clusters and Prognostic Signature Based on m7G-related LncRNAs in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.tif

N7-Methylguanosine (m7G) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been widely reported to play an important role in cancer. However, there is little known about the relationship between m7G-related lncRNAs and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, we aimed to find new potential biomarkers and construct an m7G-related lncRNA prognostic signature for ESCC. Three molecular clusters were identified by consensus clustering of 963 m7G-related lncRNAs, of which cluster B is preferentially related to poorer prognosis, higher immune and stromal scores, higher mRNA levels of immune checkpoints, and higher immune infiltrate level. We constructed a robust and effective m7G-related lncRNA prognostic signature (m7G-LPS, including 7 m7G-related prognostic lncRNAs) and demonstrated its prognostic value and predictive ability in the GEO and TCGA cohorts. The risk score was able to serve as an independent risk factor for patients with ESCC and showed better prediction than the traditional clinical risk factors. The immune score, stromal score, the infiltration level of immune cells and expression of immune checkpoints were significantly higher in the high-risk subgroup compared to the low-risk subgroup. The establishment of nomogram further improved the performance of m7G-LPS and facilitated its clinical application. Finally, we used GTEx RNA-seq data and qRT-PCR experiments to verify the expression levels of 7 m7G-related lncRNAs. To a certain degree, m7G-lncRNAs can be used as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for ESCC patients.</p

NIBP knockdown inhibits activation of the canonical NF-κΒ and ERK and JNK mediated pathways in HCT116 cells.

A. Representative results of Western blot analysis of control un-transfectedand NC transfected HCT116 cells, and NIBP knockdown HCT116 cells with or without TNF-αtreatment. B. p-p65, p-IκBα and p-IκBβ expression was highest in control un-transfected HCT116 cells after TNF-α treatment; and TNF-α treatment reduced p-p65 levels similar to total p65 in NIBP knockdown HCT116 cells. Additionally, p-ERK1/2 expression was up-regulated in TNF-α treated control un-transfected HCT116 cells, and this increase was reduced by NIBP knockdown; however, no difference was observed in p-ERK1/2 expression between the control un-transfected cells and NIBP knockdown cells without TNF-α treatment. Moreover, p-JNK1/2 expression was increased in control un-transfected cells treated with TNF-α and decreased in knockdown NIBP cells, irrespective of whether they were treated with TNF-α or not. * vs. un-transfected HCT116, p vs. TNF-α treatment, p < 0.05.</p

Immunohistochemical analysis of NIBP, p-p65, p-ERK1/2, and p-JNK1/2 expression in colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas.

<p>NIBP, p-p65, p-ERK1/2, and p-JNK1/2 protein expression was higher in late CRC stages (TNM III and TNM IV) compared to early CRC stages (TNM I and TNM II) or adenomas. In addition, NIBP, p-p65, p-ERK1/2, and p-JNK1/2 expression was higher in mucinous adenocarcinomas and tubular adenocarcinomas compared to adenomas.</p

Image_2_Comprehensive Analysis of Molecular Clusters and Prognostic Signature Based on m7G-related LncRNAs in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.tiff

N7-Methylguanosine (m7G) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been widely reported to play an important role in cancer. However, there is little known about the relationship between m7G-related lncRNAs and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, we aimed to find new potential biomarkers and construct an m7G-related lncRNA prognostic signature for ESCC. Three molecular clusters were identified by consensus clustering of 963 m7G-related lncRNAs, of which cluster B is preferentially related to poorer prognosis, higher immune and stromal scores, higher mRNA levels of immune checkpoints, and higher immune infiltrate level. We constructed a robust and effective m7G-related lncRNA prognostic signature (m7G-LPS, including 7 m7G-related prognostic lncRNAs) and demonstrated its prognostic value and predictive ability in the GEO and TCGA cohorts. The risk score was able to serve as an independent risk factor for patients with ESCC and showed better prediction than the traditional clinical risk factors. The immune score, stromal score, the infiltration level of immune cells and expression of immune checkpoints were significantly higher in the high-risk subgroup compared to the low-risk subgroup. The establishment of nomogram further improved the performance of m7G-LPS and facilitated its clinical application. Finally, we used GTEx RNA-seq data and qRT-PCR experiments to verify the expression levels of 7 m7G-related lncRNAs. To a certain degree, m7G-lncRNAs can be used as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for ESCC patients.</p

NIBP knockdown inhibited the formation of HCT116 liver metastases in <i>in vivo</i>.

NIBP knockdown inhibited the formation of HCT116 liver metastases in in vivo.</p