Table_2_Association between high serum blood glucose lymphocyte ratio and all-cause mortality in non-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.docx

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the association between the glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio (GLR) and all-cause mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with Non-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study. Baseline data and in-hospital prognosis from patients with non-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage admitted to the intensive care unit. Multivariate COX regression analysis was applied and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% predictive values with confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Survival curves for the two groups of cases were plotted using K-M curves, and subgroup analyses were performed in one step. Using restricted cubic spline curves, we analyzed the potential linear relationship between GLR and outcome indicators.ResultsIn the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV database), we extracted 3,783 patients with nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage, and 1,806 patients were finally enrolled in the study after exclusion of missing values and patients with a short hospital stay. The overall ICU mortality rate was 8.2% (148/1806) and the in-hospital mortality rate was 12.5% (225/1806). The use of curve fitting yielded a significant linear relationship between GLR and both ICU mortality and in-hospital mortality. It also suggested a reference point at GLR=3.9. These patients were categorized into high and low subgroups based on the median value of their GLR (GLR = 3.9). Model comparisons based on multivariate COX regression analysis showed that in-hospital mortality was higher in the high GLR group after adjusting for all confounders (HR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.04-1.47), while the ICU mortality in the high GLR group was (HR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.18-2.52). Stratified analyses based on age, gender, race, GCS, BMI, and disease type showed stable correlations between the high GLR group and in-hospital and ICU mortality.ConclusionBased on our retrospective analysis, it is known that as the GLR increased, the in-hospital mortality rate and ICU mortality rate of patients with nontraumatic cerebral hemorrhage also increased progressively in the United States in a clear linear relationship. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.</p

Table_3_Association between high serum blood glucose lymphocyte ratio and all-cause mortality in non-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.docx

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the association between the glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio (GLR) and all-cause mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with Non-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study. Baseline data and in-hospital prognosis from patients with non-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage admitted to the intensive care unit. Multivariate COX regression analysis was applied and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% predictive values with confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Survival curves for the two groups of cases were plotted using K-M curves, and subgroup analyses were performed in one step. Using restricted cubic spline curves, we analyzed the potential linear relationship between GLR and outcome indicators.ResultsIn the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV database), we extracted 3,783 patients with nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage, and 1,806 patients were finally enrolled in the study after exclusion of missing values and patients with a short hospital stay. The overall ICU mortality rate was 8.2% (148/1806) and the in-hospital mortality rate was 12.5% (225/1806). The use of curve fitting yielded a significant linear relationship between GLR and both ICU mortality and in-hospital mortality. It also suggested a reference point at GLR=3.9. These patients were categorized into high and low subgroups based on the median value of their GLR (GLR = 3.9). Model comparisons based on multivariate COX regression analysis showed that in-hospital mortality was higher in the high GLR group after adjusting for all confounders (HR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.04-1.47), while the ICU mortality in the high GLR group was (HR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.18-2.52). Stratified analyses based on age, gender, race, GCS, BMI, and disease type showed stable correlations between the high GLR group and in-hospital and ICU mortality.ConclusionBased on our retrospective analysis, it is known that as the GLR increased, the in-hospital mortality rate and ICU mortality rate of patients with nontraumatic cerebral hemorrhage also increased progressively in the United States in a clear linear relationship. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.</p

Table_1_Association between high serum blood glucose lymphocyte ratio and all-cause mortality in non-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.docx

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the association between the glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio (GLR) and all-cause mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with Non-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study. Baseline data and in-hospital prognosis from patients with non-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage admitted to the intensive care unit. Multivariate COX regression analysis was applied and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% predictive values with confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Survival curves for the two groups of cases were plotted using K-M curves, and subgroup analyses were performed in one step. Using restricted cubic spline curves, we analyzed the potential linear relationship between GLR and outcome indicators.ResultsIn the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV database), we extracted 3,783 patients with nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage, and 1,806 patients were finally enrolled in the study after exclusion of missing values and patients with a short hospital stay. The overall ICU mortality rate was 8.2% (148/1806) and the in-hospital mortality rate was 12.5% (225/1806). The use of curve fitting yielded a significant linear relationship between GLR and both ICU mortality and in-hospital mortality. It also suggested a reference point at GLR=3.9. These patients were categorized into high and low subgroups based on the median value of their GLR (GLR = 3.9). Model comparisons based on multivariate COX regression analysis showed that in-hospital mortality was higher in the high GLR group after adjusting for all confounders (HR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.04-1.47), while the ICU mortality in the high GLR group was (HR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.18-2.52). Stratified analyses based on age, gender, race, GCS, BMI, and disease type showed stable correlations between the high GLR group and in-hospital and ICU mortality.ConclusionBased on our retrospective analysis, it is known that as the GLR increased, the in-hospital mortality rate and ICU mortality rate of patients with nontraumatic cerebral hemorrhage also increased progressively in the United States in a clear linear relationship. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.</p

Table_1_Accelerometer-measured physical activity and sample-based frailty in older women: does pattern really matter?.DOCX

BackgroundThe relationship between the patterns of physical activity (PA) and frailty, including its various subdomains, remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the correlations between the patterns of physical activity and frailty and its various subdomains in community-dwelling older women.MethodsA cross-sectional study investigated the association between physical activity and frailty in 1,099 women aged between 60 to 70 years. Triaxial accelerometers were used to measure bouted PA (a minimum duration of 10 min) and sporadic PA (a duration of ResultsBouted moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and sporadic MVPA were associated with decreased odds of being prefrail and frail, and the optimal cutoff values were 6 and 19.7 for the prefrail stage and 6.6 and 19.4 min/day for the frail stage, respectively. Bouted light PA (LPA) was associated with decreased odds of being prefrail, and the optimal cutoff value was 170.2 min/day. Additionally, bouted and sporadic MVPA were associated with decreased odds of being slow and their optimal cutoff values were 5 and 19.1 min/day, respectively. Sporadic MVPA was associated with decreased odds of exhaustion, and the cutoff was 19.7 min/day. Bouted MVPA and LPA were associated with decreased odds of having low PA, and the cutoff values were 4.4 and 163.2 min/day, respectively.ConclusionAny MVPA, regardless of bout duration, could be used as a suitable PA program to improve and prevent frailty in older women, such as bouted MVPA (4–5 times/week) or sporadic MVPA (20 min/day). The improvement effect of bouted and sporadic MVPA on the frailty of older people may not be affected by the subdomain. Additionally, bouted LPA was suitable for the management of prefrailty.</p

Supplemental Material - A Novel Nomogram for Identifying Candidates for Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients With Stage IB Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Supplemental Material for A Novel Nomogram for Identifying Candidates for Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients With Stage IB Non-small Cell Lung Cancer by Xue Song, Yangyang Xie, Haoran Deng, Fei Yu, Shiqiang Wang, and Yafang Lou in Cancer Control</p

Data_Sheet_2_Metabolomics Study of Different Germplasm Resources for Three Polygonatum Species Using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS.ZIP

Rhizomes of the Polygonatum species are well-known in traditional Chinese medicine. The 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia includes three different species that possess different pharmacological effects. Due to the lack of standardized discriminant compounds there has often been inadvertently incorrect prescriptions given for these medicines, resulting in serious consequences. Therefore, it is critical to accurately distinguish these herbal Polygonatum species. For this study, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS based metabolomics was employed for the first time to discriminate between three Polygonatum species. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models were utilized to select the potential candidate discriminant compounds, after which MS/MS fragmentation patterns were used to identify them. Meanwhile, metabolic correlations were identified using the R language package corrplot, and the distribution of various metabolites was analyzed by box plot and the Z-score graph. As a result, we found that adenosine, sucrose, and pyroglutamic acid were suitable for the identification of different Polygonatum species. In conclusion, this study articulates how various herbal Polygonatum species might be more accurately and efficiently distinguished.</p

Multifunctional Nanoporous Polymer Membranes from Supramolecular Assembly of Block Copolymer with Polymerizable Arginine Derivative

Nanoporous membranes prepared by supramolecular assembly of block copolymers have attracted increasing attention for their well-defined nanostructure, adjustable pore size, and large-scale manufacturing. In this context, the development of nanoporous membranes with tailored surface chemistry and specific functionalities presents significant opportunities and is critical for their practical applications. Herein, we demonstrate an efficient supramolecular approach for fabricating arginine-functionalized multifunctional nanoporous membranes by assembling the conventional polystyrene-block-poly­(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) with the designed arginine-based amphiphile containing three terminal pyrrole moieties (Py3-Arg) that could be polymerized to form the stable membranes in organic solvents followed by the removal of PS-b-P4VP template. Because of the distinct chemical properties of arginine moieties decorated on the wall surface, the obtained nanoporous membranes exhibit multifunctionality and hold a broad scope of promising applications, including but not limited to pH-tunable gating, selective adsorption, and membrane catalytic capability

Image_2_Functional Characterization of Serotonin N-Acetyltransferase Genes (SNAT1/2) in Melatonin Biosynthesis of Hypericum perforatum.JPEG

Hypericum perforatum is a traditional medicinal plant that contains various secondary metabolites. As an active component in H. perforatum, melatonin plays important role in plant antioxidation, growth, and photoperiod regulation. Serotonin N-acetyltransferase (SNAT) is the key enzyme involved in the last or penultimate step of phytomelatonin biosynthesis. A total of 48 members of SNAT family were screened and analyzed based on the whole genome data of H. perforatum, and two SNAT genes (HpSNAT1 and HpSNAT2) were functionally verified to be involved in the biosynthesis of melatonin. It was found that HpSNAT1 and HpSNAT2 were highly expressed in the leaves and showed obvious responses to high salt and drought treatment. Subcellular localization analysis indicated that these two proteins were both localized in the chloroplasts by the Arabidopsis protoplasts transient transfection. Overexpression of HpSNAT1 and HpSNAT2 in Arabidopsis (SNAT) and H. perforatum (wild-type) resulted in melatonin content 1.9–2.2-fold and 2.5–4.2-fold higher than that in control groups, respectively. Meanwhile, SNAT-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants showed a stronger ability of root growth and scavenging endogenous reactive oxygen species. In this study, the complete transgenic plants of H. perforatum were obtained through Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation for the first time, which laid a significant foundation for further research on the function of key genes in H. perforatum.</p

Table_1_Metabolomics Study of Different Germplasm Resources for Three Polygonatum Species Using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS.XLS

Rhizomes of the Polygonatum species are well-known in traditional Chinese medicine. The 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia includes three different species that possess different pharmacological effects. Due to the lack of standardized discriminant compounds there has often been inadvertently incorrect prescriptions given for these medicines, resulting in serious consequences. Therefore, it is critical to accurately distinguish these herbal Polygonatum species. For this study, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS based metabolomics was employed for the first time to discriminate between three Polygonatum species. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models were utilized to select the potential candidate discriminant compounds, after which MS/MS fragmentation patterns were used to identify them. Meanwhile, metabolic correlations were identified using the R language package corrplot, and the distribution of various metabolites was analyzed by box plot and the Z-score graph. As a result, we found that adenosine, sucrose, and pyroglutamic acid were suitable for the identification of different Polygonatum species. In conclusion, this study articulates how various herbal Polygonatum species might be more accurately and efficiently distinguished.</p

Table_2_Functional Characterization of Serotonin N-Acetyltransferase Genes (SNAT1/2) in Melatonin Biosynthesis of Hypericum perforatum.XLS

Hypericum perforatum is a traditional medicinal plant that contains various secondary metabolites. As an active component in H. perforatum, melatonin plays important role in plant antioxidation, growth, and photoperiod regulation. Serotonin N-acetyltransferase (SNAT) is the key enzyme involved in the last or penultimate step of phytomelatonin biosynthesis. A total of 48 members of SNAT family were screened and analyzed based on the whole genome data of H. perforatum, and two SNAT genes (HpSNAT1 and HpSNAT2) were functionally verified to be involved in the biosynthesis of melatonin. It was found that HpSNAT1 and HpSNAT2 were highly expressed in the leaves and showed obvious responses to high salt and drought treatment. Subcellular localization analysis indicated that these two proteins were both localized in the chloroplasts by the Arabidopsis protoplasts transient transfection. Overexpression of HpSNAT1 and HpSNAT2 in Arabidopsis (SNAT) and H. perforatum (wild-type) resulted in melatonin content 1.9–2.2-fold and 2.5–4.2-fold higher than that in control groups, respectively. Meanwhile, SNAT-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants showed a stronger ability of root growth and scavenging endogenous reactive oxygen species. In this study, the complete transgenic plants of H. perforatum were obtained through Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation for the first time, which laid a significant foundation for further research on the function of key genes in H. perforatum.</p