CИСТЕМНИЙ ПІДХІД ПРИ ВИРІШЕННІ ЗАДАЧ ОПТИМАЛЬНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ДВОСТАДІАЛЬНИМИ ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИМИ ЛІНІЯМИ

Practical significance of work results. The proposed approach makes it possible to find the optimal solution to the problem of management and design of two-stage technological lines from the point of view of the economic criterion.Практичне значення. Запропонований підхід дозволяє знайти оптимальне рішення комплексної задачі управління та проектування двостадіальних технологічних ліній з погляду економічного критерію.Наукова новизна. Виконано постановку комплексної задачі оптимізації функціонування двостадіальних технологічних ліній, що враховує проблеми вибору складу обладнання та оперативного управління та запропоновано підхід до її вирішення.Результати дослідження. Обґрунтовано необхідність використання системного комплексного підходу при управлінні двостадіальними технологічними лініями, що передбачає спільний розгляд задач проектування та оперативного управління. Розглядаються три оптимізаційні завдання, що розрізняються у своїй постановці вихідними даними, цілями та параметрами оптимізації. Це завдання конструкторської оптимізації при створенні обладнання, завдання оптимального проектування технологічних схем та завдання оптимального оперативного управління. Для досягнення глобального оптимуму за економічним критерієм ці три види завдань слід розглядати комплексно, у взаємному зв'язку. У цій роботі виконано у загальному вигляді формалізація подібного комплексного завдання для двостадіальних технологічних схем та зазначено підходи до її вирішення. Запропоновано методику вирішення таких задач засновану на інформації про питомі витрати ресурсу та про характеристики потоку матеріалу, що переробляється.Методика дослідження. Для досягнення поставленої мети застосовано комплексний підхід, який полягає у формалізації та аналізі задач оперативного управління та проектування технологічних ліній. Для визначення оптимального співвідношення між граничними пропускними здібностями стадій технологічних ліній застосовані методи теорії ймовірностей, що передбачають обробку математичних моделей випадкових величин.Метою цієї роботи є дослідження та оптимізація процесів проектування та оперативного управління двостадіальною технологічною лінією

SELF-ADJUSTING FILLING CONTROL SYSTEM FOR SELF-GRINDING DRUM MILLS

CАМОНАСТРОЮЮЧА СИСТЕМА УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗАПОВНЕННЯМ БАРАБАННИХ МЛИНІВ САМОПОДРІБНЕННЯPurpose of work is an improvement of the controlling efficiency for the processes of self-grinding ores in drum mills by using adaptive settings for the perimeters of the control part of the system. Methodology. For the self-grinding process, the degree of filling of the mill drum is a critical technological variable, i.e. this parameter not only has a direct impact on the efficiency of the grinding unit in terms of the newly formed finished product, but also determines the trouble-free operation of the mill. It is known from the referenced literature that during the decay time of the autocorrelation function for the processes of original ore’s main characteristics change is on the order of several hours or more. At the same time, the inertia of the crushed aggregate is measured in tens of minutes. Under such conditions, one should assume that quasi-stationarity and the rational use of the control system for a wide scope of self-grinding take place.Research results. Using the method of auxiliary operators, the law for setting the parameters of the main circuit of the self-adjusting system was generated, and the block diagrams of the adaptive control system for filling ore self-grinding mills were determined. The transient processes in the control system are calculated, which proves the expediency and effectiveness of the proposed approach.Scientific novelty. A new approach is proposed using an adaptive control system to regulate the degree of filling of autogenous ores mills, based on the use of the method of auxiliary operators. Practical significance. While calculating the tuning processes in the control system for the filling degree of the mill, it wasfound that even with a simultaneous abrupt change in the object’s parameters K0, T1 ,T2 to the maximum value, the adaptive system completes tuning the parameters of the controller C1, C2, C3 for a time of about 230 ÷ 270 minutes, which indicates the practical feasibility and effectiveness of this approach to control the filling level of ore self-grinding mills

Socio-demographic Risk Factors for the Psychogenic Anxiety-depressive Disorders Development in Patients with Pancreatitis

When studying the socio-demographic factors of the risk of developing psychogenic anxiety and depression disorders in patients with pancreatitis, we used the results of a comprehensive study. The complex evaluation of socio-psychological and clinical risk factors for pancreatitis was analyzed, and a comprehensive analysis of socio-demographic characteristics, anxiety-depressive and neurotic symptoms in patients with pancreatitis has been performed. The article presents the socio-demographic factors that influence the development of mental disorders in acute recurrent pancreatitis.The aim of the study was to identify socio-demographic features of psychogenic anxious and depressive disorders in patients with pancreatitis (acute and chronic) to improve the quality of life of this contingent of patients.Materials and methods. The study was attended by 131 patients with recurrent pancreatitis, exclusion criteria in the study; age over 65, the presence of other somatic diseases, mental and behavioral disorders as a result of alcohol abuse, narcotic substances and substances not included in the state list of narcotic drugs, refusal of the patient from a psychiatrist's examination. Established factors associated with the development and severity of neurasthenia in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Statistical processing of the results of the study was conducted using the software package Statistica v.6.1.Research results. The article presents the analysis of psychopathological symptoms in patients with pancreatitis, which revealed a number of features of the quantitative and qualitative structure of emotional disorders. The factors with which the development and severity of psychogenic anxiety-depressive disorders in patients with pancreatitis are noted is noted. The basic pathogenetic link of development of psychogenic anxiety-depressive disorders in patients with pancreatitis was revealed. Presented is a symptomatology that predominates in affective pathology in patients with pancreatitis.Conclusions. The data of the main socio-demographic factors influencing the development of mental disorders in chronic recurrent pancreatitis, such as male sex, low frequency of appeals for medical aid during the year, absence of a family history of pancreatic disease

Practice of using GoToMeeting/Zoom in the study of foreign languages

The aim of the study was to analyze the perception of using GoToMeeting and ZOOM when learning foreign languages by students of different majors. The article analyses the answers of respondents and reveals a number of patterns between the perception of the practice of using GoToMeeting and ZOOM by students majoring in philology and students of other majors. The study involved general scientific methods. Survey was chosen as the method of interviewing respondents. Statistics were processed using the average input value method and the Mann-Whitney test. The theoretical background for the questionnaire was the Davis technology acceptance model. The survey was conducted remotely. The results of the study showed an uneven subjective perception of the introduction of distance learning methods by students in both focus groups. However, according to an objective assessment of the level of students’ knowledge, both groups showed high efficiency of the practice of using GoToMitting and ZOOM in learning foreign languages. The article also presents the criteria that students have identified as necessary when learning a foreign language using GoToMeeting and ZOOM. In general, the use of this software allowed raising the level of knowledge of a foreign language both among students majoring in philology and among students of other majors. The search for optimal methods and models of using this software to increase the effectiveness of teaching foreign language is considered the field for further research.Метою дослідження було проаналізувати сприйняття використання GoToMeeting та ZOOM під час вивчення іноземних мов студентами різних спеціальностей. У статті проаналізовано відповіді респондентів та виявлено низку закономірностей між сприйняттям практики використання GoToMeeting та ZOOM студентами філологічного профілю та студентами інших спеціальностей. Дослідження залучали загальнонаукові методи. Як метод опитування респондентів було обрано опитування. Статистичні дані оброблялися за допомогою методу середнього вхідного значення та критерію Манна-Уітні. Теоретичною базою для анкети була модель прийняття технології Девіса. Опитування проводилося дистанційно. Результати дослідження показали нерівномірне суб’єктивне сприйняття впровадження методів дистанційного навчання студентами обох фокус-груп. Проте, за об’єктивною оцінкою рівня знань студентів, обидві групи показали високу ефективність практики використання GoToMeeting ZOOM під час вивчення іноземних мов. У статті також представлені критерії, які студенти визначили як необхідні при вивченні іноземної мови за допомогою GoToMeeting та ZOOM. Загалом використання цього програмного забезпечення дозволило підвищити рівень знання іноземної мови як серед студентів філологічних спеціальностей, так і серед студентів інших спеціальностей. Пошук оптимальних методів і моделей використання цього програмного забезпечення для підвищення ефективності навчання іноземної мови розглядається як поле для подальших досліджень.Целью исследования был анализ восприятия использования GoToMeeting и ZOOM при изучении иностранных языков студентами разных специальностей. В статье проанализированы ответы респондентов и выявлен ряд закономерностей между восприятием практики использования GoToMeeting и ZOOM студентами-филологами и студентами других специальностей. В исследовании использованы общенаучные методы. В качестве метода опроса респондентов был выбран опрос. Статистические данные обрабатывались с использованием метода среднего входного значения и критерия Манна-Уитни. Теоретической основой анкеты была модель принятия технологии Дэвиса. Опрос проводился дистанционно. Результаты исследования показали неодинаковое субъективное восприятие внедрения дистанционных методов обучения студентами обеих фокус-групп. Однако по объективной оценке уровня знаний студентов обе группы показали высокую эффективность практики использования GoToMeeting и ZOOM при изучении иностранных языков. В статье также представлены критерии, которые студенты определили как необходимые при изучении иностранного языка с помощью GoToMeeting и ZOOM. В целом использование данного программного обеспечения позволило повысить уровень знания иностранного языка как среди студентов филологических специальностей, так и среди студентов других специальностей. Поиск оптимальных методов и моделей использования данного программного обеспечения для повышения эффективности обучения иностранному языку является областью дальнейших исследований

Training of primary school specialists taking into account up-to-date opportunities for self-improvement

The purpose of the research is to analyze the training of primary school specialists taking into account the up-to-date opportunities for self-improvement at the stage of university training and at the early stage of professional activity (the first 3-5 years after starting work at school). In order to obtain empirical data, a diversified diagnostic model has been developed, within which a questionnaire has been conducted and a method of presenting a portfolio of professional self-improvement has been applied. The research based on the tactics of self-reflection of graduates has showed a high level of formation of professional self-improvement, which is partly due to the selection criteria of respondents. Comparison of the results with the data of the studied group of respondents – primary school teachers with teaching experience ≥5 years allowed assessing the dynamics of professional self-improvement at the stages of pre-service and in-service training, as well as identifying promising areas of professional self-improvement, which should be emphasized during the university training of future primary school teachers. Keywords: personal development, university training, elementary school teacher, professional training, self-reflectio

Degradation of CdTe SC During Operation: Modeling and Experiment

The mechanisms of CdTe SС degradation during operation are experimentally studied. Two mechanisms of degradation of such solar cells are identified. The first is the generation of defects in the transition region, which is caused by excess charge carriers and defects. The second is the increase in the back barrier. The study of the current-voltage and voltage-capacitance characteristics of solar cells allowed proposing a model of degradation of solar cells based on CdTe. It is found that the presence of copper in the back contact is associated with better initial efficiency, but also the Fastest degradation during operation. In accordance with the proposed model, the occurrence of additional elementary defects as a result of dissociation of three types of point defect complexes (Cui+–2CuCd–)–, (VCd2––Cui+)–, (2CuCd––VTe+)– is explained. Shunting of the n-p heterojunction and phase transformations from the p+-Cu2-xTe side due to electrodiffusion of CuCd– with p-CdTe at the n-CdS/p-CdTe and p-CdTe/p+-Cu2-xTe boundaries is considered. On the other hand, the diffusion of Cui+ (interstitial copper) into the absorber volume is possible. Electrodiffusion of defects from heterojunctions to the absorber volume is possible, which leads to the compensation of effective acceptor centers and a decrease in the lifetime of minority charge carriers and, accordingly, a decrease in Jph. In addition, there is a growth of shunting metal chains along the longitudinal grain boundaries of p-CdTe between n-p and р-р+ heterojunctions and the possibility of appearance of high-resistance phases of the Cu-Te system. The proposed model explains the possibility of occurrence of the р+ –Cu2–δS phase on the CdS/CdTe boundary, which constrains the passage of the photoactive part of the solar spectrum in p-CdT

ECONOMETRIC MODELING OF MANAGERIAL DECISIONS AT THE MACRO AND MICRO LEVELS

The theoretical and practical aspects of the application of the econometric approach to making managerial decisions in a crisis at the micro and macro levels are highlighted. Theoretical aspects determine the basic categories of the research problem: managerial decision, stages of managerial decision-making to determine the feasibility of using econometric methods, crisis and crisis phenomena, econometric approach. The specifics of making managerial decisions in a crisis at the micro and macro levels have been determined; the characteristic features, areas of problem solving and methods for solving managerial problems are considered, depending on the level of their formalization. Practical aspects highlight the rationale for the use of econometric methods at the stage of problem identification: identification of crisis phenomena in the relevant areas; a quantitative analysis of the crisis made it possible to identify and determine the imbalances. The advantages and disadvantages of the econometric approach to managerial decision-making are determined; general econometric methods of substantiating managerial decisions and their consequences are described. The features and advantages of Data-driven decision-making over Highest Paid Person's Opinion are determined; the types of information and analytical support of managerial decisions and the methods used for its formation are determined. The author's understanding of the concepts "econometric approach to managerial decision making", "information and analytical support of managerial decisions" is proposed. Practical aspects highlight the feasibility of using econometric methods and at the stage of justifying managerial decisions – the use of econometric methods in accordance with the scope of application, taking into account its specificity and state: a matrix "economic security – standard of living – innovative development" has been developed to justify the decision on the application of strategies to ensure economic security through changes in the level of innovative development and the standard of living of the population of the region (transformation strategy, innovative development strategy, human development strategy and growth strategy) on the basis of correlation-regression analysis, calculation of partial elasticity coefficients, a potentially most effective variant of reconfiguring the functional components of the innovation infrastructure was established; a model of authentic management of the development of the Ukrainian tourist services market has been developed, which assumes the use of specific mechanisms of authentic management and accounting for the authenticity of the cultural and historical resources of local tourism markets, the asymmetry of infrastructural and socio-economic development of markets, the spatial polarization of the location of climatic and recreational factors of local tourist markets; based on the results of the taxonomic analysis of the state of the hotel and restaurant industry, managerial solutions were proposed for the implementation of the strategy for the development of the hotel and restaurant industry for the coming period, including activities at the national level and at the level of individual business entities; an algorithm for making optimal decisions based on the development of the innovative potential of personnel has been developed: defining the problems of enterprise development; search for the reasons for the retardation of the development of the enterprise; determination of the reasons for the retardation of the development of the enterprise; determination of optimal solutions depending on the formulated problem; development of recommendations for achieving strategic goals, based on the construction of a "tree of opportunities"; a cognitive map (graph) of the process of making strategic decisions in the sphere of making strategic changes at mining and processing enterprises was built taking into account the influence of the following concepts: goals of strategic changes; the goals of the enterprise strategy implementation; the duration of the change lag; the level of encouragement of the team of changes; threshold opportunities for strategic change; unique opportunities for strategic change; average opportunities for strategic change; sufficiency of the potential for strategic changes; resistance to change; fiduciary corporate culture