Translanguaging for bilingual educational theorising in higher degree researcher education : a case study of using Chinese funds of theorectical knowledge for research

This thesis reports on a preliminary investigation into the potentials of using Chinese funds of theoretical knowledge in educational research. The aim is to provide an approach to addressing, developing and maximising bilingual higher degree researchers’ (HDRs) theorising capabilities using translanguaging pedagogies. New forms of intellectual inequality and oppression have emerged with the internationalisation of doctoral education including academic dominance and dependency within the postcolonial world. This dependency is reflected in the academic dependence on Euro-American theories and in the use of the standardised academic English across the world. Further, beginning researchers, in particular HDRs, may have to learn and develop the capabilities for educational theorising to become good educational researchers. Nevertheless, teaching of educational theorising in HDR education seems to remain marginal compared to the emphases on theories. One of the results of the linguistic-theoretical dependency and theorising negligence is a lack of innovative educational researchers and research in non-Euro-American countries. Therefore, this PhD research project is conducted to probe into the possibilities of bilingual theorising in educational practices and research. The major research question to be answered is: How do bilingual Chinese HDRs perceive and use their Chinese-English bilingual and inter-cultural capabilities for theorising in educational research? This research question, complemented by five contributory questions, is contextualised within the broad social sciences and educational research literature in Chapter 2 from three dimensions, namely, the Euro-American theoretical dominance, the monolingual English tendency and the educational theorising process. Accordingly, a three dimensional theoretical framework is formulated and debated for the possibilities of Chinese educational theorising in in Chapter 3. First, advocates offering different perspectives on multi-linguistic-theoretical knowledge and intellectual equality provide premises for mitigating the oppressive Euro-American uniformisation. Then the debate over translanguaging pedagogy provides a focus for considering the linguistic-theoretical potentials of bilingual HDRs. Further, a pedagogical framework for bilingual HDR supervision is formulated with the capability approach and the implications from ignorant schoolmaster. To collect and analyse evidence, methodology and methods for the research are explained and justified in Chapter 4. With a flexible research design, evidence was collected from (1) individual interviews with fourteen bilingual Chinese HDRs and nine academics (two with non-Chinese background) from universities in Australia and China, and (2) thirteen pieces of published works authored or co-authored (as the first author) by bilingual Chinese researchers from the ResearchDirect Database through Western Sydney University online library. Premised on the analyses of evidence and guided by the sensitised theoretical framework, the findings in this research are presented and discussed in the evidentiary chapters from Chapter 5 to Chapter 9. In Chapter 5 dominance and uniformisation of Euro-American theories in educational research are debated based on reflections by the interviewees. Further, in Chapter 6 the concept “Chinese funds of theoretical knowledge” is debated and defined taking into consideration its complexity and controversy. Chapter 7 investigates the potentials of using translanguaging for educational practices and research. Chapter 8 focuses on the possibilities and scenarios for Chinese educational theorising using Chinese funds of theoretical knowledge and translanguaging. Chapter 9 explains an explorative conceptual-theoretical attempt of the researcher’s Chinese educational theorising by exploring the potentials of the jiāo/jiào xué xiāng zhǎng教学相长bilingual HDRs supervision pedagogy. In the concluding Chapter 10, the main findings and answers for the research questions are then presented. Together these findings point to a series of key concepts that might be useful for pursuing doctoral pedagogies that are more worldly in orientation than is currently the case. Bilingual educational theorising with a duì huà对话approach is argued to be able to provide an alternative path to interrupt the monolingual and hierarchical bilingual HDRs’ education and educational research. In summary, bilingual educational theorising emphasises the processes of asking questions and seeking for answers concerning educational policies, practices and/or research issues that are taken-for-granted. Through bilingual educational theorising, bilingual and HDRs researchers may make use of their knowledge of two or more languages to extend the potentials for theorising educational phenomena and problems

Three-dimensional structure of the milky way dust: modeling of LAMOST data

We present a three-dimensional modeling of the Milky Way dust distribution by fitting the value-added star catalog of LAMOST spectral survey. The global dust distribution can be described by an exponential disk with scale-length of 3,192 pc and scale height of 103 pc. In this modeling, the Sun is located above the dust disk with a vertical distance of 23 pc. Besides the global smooth structure, two substructures around the solar position are also identified. The one located at $150^{\circ}<l<200^{\circ}$ and $-5^{\circ}<b<-30^{\circ}$ is consistent with the Gould Belt model of \citet{Gontcharov2009}, and the other one located at $140^{\circ}<l<165^{\circ}$ and $0^{\circ}<b<15^{\circ}$ is associated with the Camelopardalis molecular clouds.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figure, accepted by Ap

Resilient Wide-Area Damping Control Using GrHDP to Tolerate Communication Failures

This paper proposes a goal representation heuristic dynamic programming (GrHDP)-based resilient wide-area damping controller (WADC) for voltage source converter high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) employing redundant wide-area signals as input signals to tolerate communication failure. A supervisory fuzzy logic module is proposed and added in the resilient WADC to adjust the learning rate of GrHDP online when encountering communication failure. Moreover, the resilient WADC does not need the accurate model of the power system and has the adaptability to the variation of operation conditions and communication failures. Case studies are conducted in a 10-machine 39-bus system with one VSC-HVDC transmission line. Simulation results show that the resilient WADC can counteract the negative impact of communication failures on control performance under a wide range of system operating conditions

Impact of late spring Siberian snow on summer rainfall in South-Central China

Located in the Yangtze River Valley and surrounded by mountains, South-Central China (SCC) frequently suffered from natural disasters such as torrential precipitation, landslide and debris flow. Here we provide corroborative evidence for a link between the late spring (May) snow water equivalent (SWE) over Siberia and the summer (July–August, abbr. JA) rainfall in SCC. We show that, in May, anomalously low SWE over Siberia is robustly related to a large warming from the surface to the mid-troposphere, and to a stationary Rossby wave train from Siberia eastward toward the North Atlantic. On the one hand, over the North Atlantic there exhibits a tripole pattern response of sea surface temperature anomalies in May. It persists to some extent in JA and in turn triggers a wave train propagating downstream across Eurasia and along the Asian jet, as the so-called Silk Road pattern (SRP). On the other hand, over northern Siberia the drier soil occurs in JA, accompanied by an overlying anomalous anticyclone through the positive feedback. This anomalous anticyclone favors the tropospheric cooling over southern Siberia, and the meridional (northward) displacement of the Asian jet (JMD) due to the change in the meridional temperature gradient. The combination of the SRP and the JMD facilitates less water vapor transport from the tropical oceans and anomalous descending motion over SCC, and thus suppresses the precipitation. These findings indicate that May Siberian SWE can be exploited for seasonal predictability of SCC precipitation.acceptedVersio

Automated identification of 2612 late-k and M dwarfs in the LAMOST commissioining data using the classification template fits

We develop a template-fit method to automatically identify and classify late-type K and M dwarfs in spectra from the LAMOST. A search of the commissioning data, acquired in 2009-2010, yields the identification of 2612 late-K and M dwarfs. The template fit method also provides spectral classification to half a subtype, classifies the stars along the dwarf-subdwarf metallicity sequence, and provides improved metallicity/gravity information on a finer scale. The automated search and classification is performed using a set of cool star templates assembled from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectroscopic database. We show that the stars can be efficiently classified despite shortcomings in the LAMOST commissioning data which include bright sky lines in the red. In particular we find that the absolute and relative strengths of the critical TiO and CaH molecular bands around 7000A are cleanly measured, which provides accurate spectral typing from late-K to mid-M, and makes it possible to estimate metallicities in a way that is more efficient and reliable than with the use of spectral indices or spectral-index based parameters such as zeta. Most of the cool dwarfs observed by LAMOST are found to be metal-rich dwarfs. We use a calibration of spectral type to absolute magnitude and estimate spectroscopic distances for all the stars; we also recover proper motions from the SUPERBLINK and PPMXL catalogs. Our analysis of the estimated transverse motions suggests a mean velocity and standard deviation for the UVW components of velocity to be: U=-9.8 km/s; V=-22.8 km/s; W=-7.9 km/s. The resulting values are general agreement with previous reported results, which yields confidence in our spectral classification and spectroscopic distance estimates, and illustrates the potential for using LAMOST spectra of K and M dwarfs for investigating the chemo-kinematics of the local Galactic disk and halo.Comment: 18 pages,16 figures,accepted for publication A

Training Robust Spiking Neural Networks on Neuromorphic Data with Spatiotemporal Fragments

Neuromorphic vision sensors (event cameras) are inherently suitable for spiking neural networks (SNNs) and provide novel neuromorphic vision data for this biomimetic model. Due to the spatiotemporal characteristics, novel data augmentations are required to process the unconventional visual signals of these cameras. In this paper, we propose a novel Event SpatioTemporal Fragments (ESTF) augmentation method. It preserves the continuity of neuromorphic data by drifting or inverting fragments of the spatiotemporal event stream to simulate the disturbance of brightness variations, leading to more robust spiking neural networks. Extensive experiments are performed on prevailing neuromorphic datasets. It turns out that ESTF provides substantial improvements over pure geometric transformations and outperforms other event data augmentation methods. It is worth noting that the SNNs with ESTF achieve the state-of-the-art accuracy of 83.9\% on the CIFAR10-DVS dataset.Comment: Accepted by ICASSP 202

Spectral Efficiency Analysis of Uplink-Downlink Decoupled Access in C-V2X Networks

The uplink (UL)/downlink (DL) decoupled access has been emerging as a novel access architecture to improve the performance gains in cellular networks. In this paper, we investigate the UL/DL decoupled access performance in cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X). We propose a unified analytical framework for the UL/DL decoupled access in C-V2X from the perspective of spectral efficiency (SE). By modeling the UL/DL decoupled access C-V2X as a Cox process and leveraging the stochastic geometry, we obtain the joint association probability, the UL/DL distance distributions to serving base stations and the SE for the UL/DL decoupled access in C-V2X networks with different association cases. We conduct extensive Monte Carlo simulations to verify the accuracy of the proposed unified analytical framework, and the results show a better system average SE of UL/DL decoupled access in C-V2X.Comment: 6pagaes,5 figures, globecom 202