Multivariate analysis with stepwise linear regression of factors independently associated with interstitial and glomerular fibrosis.

<p>Variables included p less than 0.1 in univariate linear regression analysis.</p><p><i>p</i><0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p

Representative panels showing different expression intensity of MMP-9 in atrophic tubular nuclear compared to normal tubular cytoplasm nearby fibrotic renal parenchyma.

<p>(A) no fibrosis with increased cytoplasm stain in normal tubules, (B) mild fibrosis with decreased cytoplasm stain in normal tubules and increased nuclear stain in atrophy tubules, (C) severe fibrosis with decreased cytoplasm stain in normal tubules, and (D) severe fibrosis with increased nuclear stain in atrophy tubules. (IHC stain, x 20).</p

Expression of MMP-9 in different renal tissues between patients with and without cancer.

<p>Abbreviation: Gc, glomerular cytoplasm; NTn, normal tubular nucleus; NTc, normal tubular cytoplasm; ATn, atrophic tubular nuclei; ATc, atrophic tubular cytoplasm.</p><p>Data were analyzed by the chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test accordingly and <i>p</i><0.05 indicates significance.</p

Associations between interstitial and glomerular fibrosis with clinicopathologic variables.

<p>Interstitial fibrosis scores were significantly correlated with glomerular fibrosis scores (r = 0.741, <i>p</i><0.001).</p><p><i>p</i><0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p

Intensity of MMP-9 expression in different regions of renal tissues divided by low and high interstitial fibrosis score (left) and glomerular fibrosis score (right).

<p>NTn, normal tubular nucleus; NTc, normal tubular cytoplasm; Gn, glomerular nuclei; Gc, glomerular cytoplasm; ATn, atrophic tubular nuclei; ATc, atrophic tubular cytoplasm.</p><p>Data were analyzed by the chi-squared test and <i>p</i><0.05 indicates significance.</p

Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients divided by low and high renal interstitial fibrosis score (left) and glomerular fibrosis score (right).

<p>BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration; HTN, hypertension; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; UCC, urothelial cell carcinoma, TCH, total cholesterol.</p><p><i>p</i><0.05 indicates significance.</p

Associations between intensity of MMP-9 expression and cancer over different renal tissues.

<p><i>p</i><0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p