Tensile stress-strain curves of PLA plasticized by PEG with different molecular weight.

<p>Tensile stress-strain curves of PLA plasticized by PEG with different molecular weight.</p

Verification of differentially expressed genes by RT-qPCR.

<p>Twenty genes were chosen for RT-qPCR validation. The white and black bars represent the relative expression levels of each gene in the control and high-temperature groups, as detected by RT-qPCR and RNA-Seq, respectively. To plot the RNA-Seq data, gene expression in the control group was set to be the same as that observed by RT-qPCR, and relative expression in the high-temperature group was calculated using the fold-change detected by RNA-Seq. The bars represent the standard deviation (n = 3); 1 represents the control temperature, and 2 represents the high temperature. Asterisks indicate that the gene transcriptions are significantly different between control and treatment group (unpaired t test, P< 0.05).</p

Comparison of paraffin sections from different treatments.

<p>(A-C) Control shoot tip meristems on days 5, 7, and 9, respectively, which did not differentiate over time. (D-F) Treatment shoot tip meristems on days 5, 7, and 9, respectively, with gradual growth observed.</p

Thermogravimetric curves of the composites with different contents of PEG 2000.

<p>Thermogravimetric curves of the composites with different contents of PEG 2000.</p

Changes in hormone contents, morphology and stem length after treatment with exogenous hormones.

<p>Plants in the fifth-leaf stage were treated with the exogenous plant growth regulator GA3 or its biosynthetic inhibitor CCC in the same amount of water. There were four different treatment modes. Changes in stem length and endogenous hormone levels in leaves and stems were examined at the control temperature after the different treatments. (A and B) GA4 and GA3 contents in leaves. (C and D) IAA contents in leaves and stems. (E-H) The morphology of lettuce plants without any treatment or treated with water, GA or CCC, respectively. (I) Stem elongation in S39 plants after treatment with exogenous hormone for 18 days.</p

Preparation of plasticized poly (lactic acid) and its influence on the properties of composite materials - Fig 1

<p>ATR-FTIR spectra of (A) the native PLA, PEG 400, PPLA 400 and (B) PPLA with different <i>M</i>_w: (a) neat PLA, (b)PPLA 400, (c) PPLA 1000, (d) PPLA 2000, (e) PPLA 4000.</p

Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of down- and up-regulated genes in the high-temperature group vs. the control group.

<p>GO terms belonging to biological process (BP), molecular function (MF), and cellular component (CC) groups are shown in red, green, and blue, respectively. (A and B) Up- and down-regulated genes in the stem tip, respectively. (C and D) Up- and down-regulated genes in leaves, respectively. GO terms are sorted based on their <i>p</i>-values.</p

List of GA-related genes that were differentially expressed in the lettuce stem and leaf in the high-temperature group vs. the control group.

<p>List of GA-related genes that were differentially expressed in the lettuce stem and leaf in the high-temperature group vs. the control group.</p

Flexural strength and moduli of PLA plasticized by PEG with different molecular weight.

<p>Flexural strength and moduli of PLA plasticized by PEG with different molecular weight.</p

DSC traces (the second heating) of the melting behavior of the composites with different amounts of PEG2000.

<p>DSC traces (the second heating) of the melting behavior of the composites with different amounts of PEG2000.</p