The Effect of Kinesio Taping in Reducing Myofascial Pain Syndrome on the Upper Trapezius Muscle: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Myofascial Pain Syndrome is a condition causing pain at myofascial trigger points. Kinesio Taping has been widely used to decrease pain and improve range of motion. Objective: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic programs that include kinesio taping on reducing myofascial pain syndrome symptoms. Methods: Independent research was performed for legit studies using the following electronic databases: PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, SPORT Discus, EM base, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, from February 2017 to March 2017. The keywords were “keniso tape myofascial” AND “taping myofascial” AND “myofascial pain Syndrome” AND “myofascial trigger points.” The research resulted in 5,793 articles that eventually included 6 articles that had met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the data extracted data from the articles was about the pain severity, and was measured by Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Results: The collected data was pooled from the results of 256 subjects (199 females and 57 males). Using KT showed improvement but not significant statistically in three of the analyzed studies, and the remaining three studies showed a statistical significant reduction in VAS score. The overall P value that computed by the European Scientific Journal February 2018 edition Vol.14, No.6 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 337 Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 2.0 software was statistically significant (P value= 0.001) between the KT group and the control group. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on six studies in regarding to the efficacy of KT on the myofascial pain in the upper trapezius muscle. The meta-analysis suggests KT with other therapeutic protocols to treat myofascial pain syndrome and increase cervical range of motion as well as the functional activities

Role of non-coding RNA networks in leukemia progression, metastasis and drug resistance.

Early-stage detection of leukemia is a critical determinant for successful treatment of the disease and can increase the survival rate of leukemia patients. The factors limiting the current screening approaches to leukemia include low sensitivity and specificity, high costs, and a low participation rate. An approach based on novel and innovative biomarkers with high accuracy from peripheral blood offers a comfortable and appealing alternative to patients, potentially leading to a higher participation rate.Recently, non-coding RNAs due to their involvement in vital oncogenic processes such as differentiation, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and apoptosis have attracted much attention as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in leukemia. Emerging lines of evidence have shown that the mutational spectrum and dysregulated expression of non-coding RNA genes are closely associated with the development and progression of various cancers, including leukemia. In this review, we highlight the expression and functional roles of different types of non-coding RNAs in leukemia and discuss their potential clinical applications as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets

Neurotoxicity of aluminium chloride and okadaic acid in zebrafish: Insights into Alzheimer's disease models through anxiety and locomotion testing, and acute toxicity assessment with Litsea garciae bark's methanolic extract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complicated neurodegenerative disorder that presents significant challenges for the development of effective therapeutic interventions. Understanding disease mechanisms and exploring potential treatments require the use of animal models that accurately replicate the pathology of AD. In this study, we investigated the potential of two neurotoxin inducers, aluminium chloride (AlCl3) and okadaic acid (OKA), to validate the zebrafish as a model organism for AD. AD can impact locomotor activity and induce anxiety-like behaviors. To assess these behaviors, a 6-minute novel tank test was conducted. Zebrafish were administered with low, medium, or high doses of neurotoxic agent (AlCl3 or OKA) intraperitoneally twice weekly for 21 days. Behavioral activities were recorded at three time points: day 7 (short duration), day 14 (moderate duration), and day 21 (extended duration). The behavioral task required the evaluation of four endpoints. Methanolic extract of Litsea garciae bark was selected as a potential plant for the treatment of AD in this study, based on its previously demonstrated antioxidant effect. However, the acute toxicity of this plant has not been previously assessed. Therefore, this research was aimed to investigate the acute toxicity of the L. garciae bark’s methanolic extract in adult zebrafish. The extract was immersed in a static system following OECD Test Guideline No. 203, and the acute toxicity test involved monitoring the adult zebrafish for 96 h for any deaths or apparent abnormalities. Regarding the behavioural task, the groups induced with 100 nM of OKA demonstrated significant differences in all measured parameters compared to the control group at the 21-day time point. In contrast, none of the parameters were significantly different between the AlCl3-induced groups and the control group at any of the three time points (7, 14, or 21 days). Regarding acute toxicity, neither the test group (100 mg/L) nor the control group recorded any deaths or abnormalities. Therefore, no LC50 value could be determined. These findings confirm the acceptance of OKA as an inducer in the zebrafish model of AD and highlight the significance of the safe and non-toxic nature of L. garciae bark's methanolic extract for future ethnopharmacological investigations

Sanguinarine mediated apoptosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via generation of reactive oxygen species and suppression of JAK/STAT pathway

Effective treatment of lung cancer remains a significant clinical challenge due to its multidrug resistance and side effects of the current treatment options. The high mortality associated with this malignancy indicates the need for new therapeutic interventions with fewer side effects. Natural compounds offer various benefits such as easy access, minimal side effects, and multi-molecular targets and thus, can prove useful in treating lung cancer. Sanguinarine (SNG), a natural compound, possesses favorable therapeutic potential against a variety of cancers. Here, we examined the underlying molecular mechanisms of SNG in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) cells. SNG suppressed cell growth and induced apoptosis via downregulation of the constitutively active JAK/STAT pathway in all the NSCLC cell lines. siRNA silencing of STAT3 in NSCLC cells further confirmed the involvement of the JAK/STAT signaling cascade. SNG treatment increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, which contributed to a leaky mitochondrial membrane leading to cytochrome c release accompanied by caspase activation. In addition, we established the antitumor effects of SNG through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, as inhibiting ROS production prevented the apoptosis-inducing potential of SNG. In vivo xenograft tumor model further validated our in vitro findings. Overall, our study investigated the molecular mechanisms by which SNG induces apoptosis in NSCLC, providing avenues for developing novel natural compound-based cancer therapies

KNOWLEDGE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY STUDENTS ABOUT SUPERVISION SKILLS DURING THE CLINICAL ROTATION OF INTERNSHIP

BACKGROUND AND AIM Clinical rotation is perceived as a burden by students due to number of challenges in experimental environment that impedes their learning in clinical areas. This study aimed to determine the perception of physical therapy students regarding prerequisite for integrating skills and knowledge from the classroom to clinical setting. METHODOLOGY A cross sectional study was conducted at students of different colleges of Rehabilitation Sciences on 168 candidate of clinical years. The questionnaire was designed on five domains that included patient contacts, theory v/s practice gap, communication with clinical supervision, transition from pre-clinical to clinical and knowledge and skills. The data was measured on 5 points Likert scale and was statistically analyzed on IBM SPSS version 2.0 RESULTS Around 45% students indicated that they hesitated in taking guidance or asking question from clinical supervisors however, 76.6% students reported that a structured orientation with the staff and environment should be given to the new assistants for smooth transition from pre-clinical to clinical. Moreover, more than half of the students (58%) reported difficulty in bridging theory and practicing the knowledge. Furthermore 65% students reported hesitency in taking history and performing physical examination CONCLUSION Multiple challenges perceived by the students during their clinical rotations that mainly include inadequate clinical supervision, difficulty in transition from preclinical to clinical, lack of knowledge and skills, gap between theory and practice which hindered their learning.</jats:p

The relationship between physical self-concept and job satisfaction in the physiotherapists working in Saudi Arabia

Work satisfaction can be seen as a proxy for emotional or physiological health. Physiotherapists face high levels of occupational stress because their daily works puts considerable strain on the articular, skeletal and muscular systems, which are associated with excessive exertion that physiotherapists endure in their daily work. The purpose of present research was to find the relationship of Physical Self-Concept with the job satisfaction of the Physiotherapist working in Saudi Arabia. Study design was Convenient, descriptive-correlation type of study Design. In order to collect the data, the questionnaire on the physical self-concept and the job satisfaction survey were applied. Demographic data of subjects including gender, age, last educational degree, total working experience, the region in which they work, and duration of working on current job, were descriptively summarized to project the results. The dependents variables for the statistical analysis were analyzed using correlation. 189 physiotherapists were surveyed about their Level of PSPP score (M= 63.6, SD= 16.4) and their MSQ score (M= 69.2, SD= 14.7). The relationship was positive, weak in strength and statistically significant (r (189) = .34, p &lt; 0.05. The current study described the relationship between physiotherapists' physical self-concept and job satisfaction

Inducing Angiogenesis, a Key Step in Cancer Vascularization, and Treatment Approaches

Angiogenesis is a term that describes the formation of new blood and lymphatic vessels from a pre-existing vasculature. This allows tumour cells to acquire sustenance in the form of nutrients and oxygen and the ability to evacuate metabolic waste. As one of the hallmarks of cancer, angiogenesis has been studied extensively in animal and human models to enable better understanding of cancer biology and the development of new anti-cancer treatments. Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in the process of tumour genesis, because solid tumour need a blood supply if they are to grow beyond a few millimeters in size. On the other hand, there is growing evidence that some solid tumour exploit existing normal blood supply and do not require a new vessel formation to grow and to undergo metastasis. This review of the literature will present the current understanding of this intricate process and the latest advances in the use of angiogenesis-targeting therapies in the fight against cancer.</jats:p