Studying the relationship between human resource practice with organizational citizenship behavior by emphasizing the role of organizational commitment in Agricultural Banks of Golestan Province

The main goal of this research is studying the relationship between human resource practices with organizational citizenship behaviors by emphasizing the role of organizational commitment in Agricultural banks of Golestan province. The design of research is a definition of a sort of measurement and statistical population of 360 clerks of Agricultural Banks of Golestan province. The number of sample, according to the Krejcie and Morgan table is 186 people and for sampling the Stratified random sampling was used. Measurement tools containing three surveys which were used for measurement of human resource actions, Laawer survey (1986) and organizational commitment by measuring Meyer and Allen (1990) and consequently, for weighing the organizational citizenship of standard Podsakoff et al (1990). The findings showed that there is no meaningful relationship between the actions of human resources and organizational behaviors by pointing the role of organizational commitment in Agricultural Banks of Golestan province

Studying the relationship between human resource practice with organizational citizenship behavior by emphasizing the role of organizational commitment in Agricultural Banks of Golestan Province

The main goal of this research is studying the relationship between human resource practices with organizational citizenship behaviors by emphasizing the role of organizational commitment in Agricultural banks of Golestan province. The design of research is a definition of a sort of measurement and statistical population of 360 clerks of Agricultural Banks of Golestan province. The number of sample, according to the Krejcie and Morgan table is 186 people and for sampling the Stratified random sampling was used. Measurement tools containing three surveys which were used for measurement of human resource actions, Laawer survey (1986) and organizational commitment by measuring Meyer and Allen (1990) and consequently, for weighing the organizational citizenship of standard Podsakoff et al (1990). The findings showed that there is no meaningful relationship between the actions of human resources and organizational behaviors by pointing the role of organizational commitment in Agricultural Banks of Golestan province

Studying the relationship between human resource practice with organizational citizenship behavior by emphasizing the role of organizational commitment in Agricultural Banks of Golestan Province

The main goal of this research is studying the relationship between human resource practices with organizational citizenship behaviors by emphasizing the role of organizational commitment in Agricultural banks of Golestan province. The design of research is a definition of a sort of measurement and statistical population of 360 clerks of Agricultural Banks of Golestan province. The number of sample, according to the Krejcie and Morgan table is 186 people and for sampling the Stratified random sampling was used. Measurement tools containing three surveys which were used for measurement of human resource actions, Laawer survey (1986) and organizational commitment by measuring Meyer and Allen (1990) and consequently, for weighing the organizational citizenship of standard Podsakoff et al (1990). The findings showed that there is no meaningful relationship between the actions of human resources and organizational behaviors by pointing the role of organizational commitment in Agricultural Banks of Golestan province

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Voice Disorders in University Teaching Faculty Members: A Pilot Study

Voice disorder is a multifactorial impairment. Several studies have shown that there is a direct relationship between voice problems and voice-related jobs. Therefore, professional voice users, including teachers, are at high risk of voice disorders, which threatens the employment positions. Also, the investigation of voice impairments among faculty members seems essential. The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of voice disorders in faculty members, its impact on the physical, emotional, and functional status of this job group, with and without voice disorders, and the correlation of voice disorders with some risk factors. Methods The participants of this study were 114 university teaching faculty members of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, with a mean age of 43.95±0.98 years. The current cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study used a demographic questionnaire and Voice Handicap Index (VHI) as the data collection instruments. In the present study, based on VHI test results, participants with a total VHI score greater than 14.5 are considered to have voice disorders. Results The prevalence of voice disorders among university teaching faculty members was 27.19%. There was a significant correlation between allergy and voice disorders (P= 0.04). Significant differences were also found between the two study groups in terms of the total score of the VHI and its subscales (P <0.001). Conclusions Considering the 27.19% prevalence of voice disorders among university teaching faculty members and its effect on the total VHI score, our results confirm that education, prevention, and treatment programs are critical to lessen the frequency of voice disorders related to teaching. However, it has been found that this job group with voice disorders is four times more likely to have allergies than those without voice disorder, which indicates the importance of controlling this problem

مهندسی ژنتیک در محصولات غذایی و دارویی: فواید، نگرانی‌ها و ملاحظات اخلاقی

Background and Aim: In order to sustain the world’s growing population, the production of food must be more than 70% of what it is produced today. A remarkable and stable solution for the eradication of hunger is using genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Genetic modifications have contributed to larger yields in agriculture and livestock as well as the development of new biopharmaceuticals, vaccines and proteins. Despite the large benefits that genetic engineering and GMOs can bring for us, they may produce some hazards and concerns in certain areas. Moreover, considering the products to be new and also vast changes that they can make in economical, social, health, and safety matters, ethical issues plays an important role in the application of these technologies. Materials and Methods: This is a review study. Research data were collected by searching databases of Web of science, PubMed, Scopus, google scholar, Magiran (Bank of Iran's Magazines Information), SID (Jahad-e Daneshgahi Scientific Information Center) with keywords of Ethic, Genetic engineering, genetically modified organisms and transgenic. Ethical Considerations: The findings of these articles are stated in all stages of the research without bias and with respect to ethical aspects. Findings: In this study, first some of the beneficial effects of such products on humanity and their contribution to the conservation of available resources are pointed out and then possible concerns about mass production and consumption of transgenic products as well as safety issues are discussed. Finally, the need to observe ethical considerations, the importance of respecting the rights of customers and product labeling are mentioned. Conclusion: Adopting rational and prospective policies by observing ethical aspects, enacting integrated laws to avoid consumer's confusion, observing ethical aspects and providing correct and unbiased informing can prevent the possible dangers of this technology and people will profit its benefits. &nbsp; Cite this article as: Zahedipour F, Hosseini SA, Jalili A. Genetic Engineering in Food and Pharmaceutical Products: Benefits, Concerns and Ethical Considerations. Faslnamah-i akhlaq-i pizishki. 2021; 15(46): e19.زمینه و هدف: به منظور حفظ جمعیت رو به رشد جهان، بایستی تولید محصولات غذایی 70 درصد بیشتر از آنچه تولید امروز است، رشد داشته باشد. یک راه حل قابل توجه و پایدار برای ریشه‌کن‌کردن گرسنگی استفاده از ارگانیسم‌های اصلاح‌شده ژنتیکی (Genetically Modified Organisms) یا تراریخته است. اصلاحات ژنتیکی منجر به بازده بیشتر در کشاورزی و دامداری و همچنین توسعه داروهای جدید زیستی، واکسن‌ها و پروتئین‌ها شده است. با وجود مزایای بزرگی که مهندسی ژنتیک و تراریخته‌ها می‌توانند داشته باشند، احتمال خطرات و نگرانی‌ها در زمینه‌های خاصی را هم ایجاد می‌کنند، به علاوه با توجه به جدیدبودن این محصولات و همچنین تغییرات وسیعی که در مسائل اقتصادی، اجتماعی، وضعیت سلامت و ایمنی می‌توانند ایجاد نمایند، مسائل مربوط به اخلاق زیستی نیز در مورد آن‌ها اهمیت مضاعف می‌یابد. مواد و روش‌‌ها: این مطالعه به روش مروری انجام شده و داده‌های پژوهش با جستجو در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی Web of Science، Pubmed، Scopus، Google Scholar، بانک اطلاعات نشریات ایران (Magiran)، پایگاه مرکز اطلاعات علمی جهاد دانشگاهی (SID) با واژگان کلیدی Ethic، Genetic Engineering، Genetically Modified Organisms و تراریخته گردآوری شد. ملاحظات اخلاقی: یافته‌های حاصل از این مقالات در تمام مراحل پژوهش بدون سوگیری و با رعایت جنبه‌های اخلاقی عنوان شد. یافته‌ها: در این بررسی، ابتدا به برخی از تأثیرات مفید این‌گونه محصولات برای انسان و سهم آن‌ها در حفظ منابع موجود اشاره شده است، سپس نگرانی‌های احتمالی در مورد تولید انبوه و مصرف محصولات ژنتیکی و همچنین مسائل مربوط به ایمنی آن‌ها مورد بحث قرار گرفته است. سرانجام لزوم رعایت ملاحظات اخلاقی، اهمیت رعایت حقوق مشتریان و برچسب‌زنی محصولات عنوان شده است. نتیجه‌گیری: اتخاذ سیاست‌های منطقی و آینده‌نگر با رعایت جنبه‌های اخلاقی، وضع قوانین یکپارچه به منظور جلوگیری از سردرگمی مصرف‌کنندگان، رعایت جنبه‌های اخلاقی و اطلاع‌رسانی صحیح و به دور از موضع‌گیری می‌تواند ضمن جلوگیری از مخاطرات احتمالی این فناوری، مردم را ازمزایای آن بهره‌مند نماید

Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling in breast cancer: Reciprocal regulation of microRNAs and implications in precision medicine

Breast cancer is a molecularly heterogeneous disease and the most common female malignancy. In recent years, therapy approaches have evolved to accommodate molecular diversity, with a focus on more biologically based therapies to minimize negative consequences. To regulate cell fate in human breast cells, the Hippo signaling pathway has been associated with the alpha subtype of estrogen receptors. This pathway regulates tissue size, regeneration, and healing, as well as the survival of tissue-specific stem cells, proliferation, and apoptosis in a variety of organs, allowing for cell differentiation. Hippo signaling is mediated by the kinases MST1, MST2, LATS1, and LATS2, as well as the adaptor proteins SAV1 and MOB. These kinases phosphorylate the downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway, yes-associated protein (YAP), and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), suppressing the expression of their downstream target genes. The Hippo signaling pathway kinase cascade plays a significant role in all cancers. Understanding the principles of this kinase cascade would prevent the occurrence of breast cancer. In recent years, small noncoding RNAs, or microRNAs, have been implicated in the development of several malignancies, including breast cancer. The interconnections between miRNAs and Hippo signaling pathway core proteins in the breast, on the other hand, remain poorly understood. In this review, we focused on highlighting the Hippo signaling system, its key parts, its importance in breast cancer, and its regulation by miRNAs and other related pathways

Protective effect of co-enzyme Q10 on testicular tissue and sperm parameters in adult male rats treated with Sunset Yellow FCF

Objective: To determine the protective effect of co-enzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on testicular tissue and sperm parameters in male rats treated with Sunset Yellow FCF. Methods: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of the control, CoQ10 (10 mg/kg/day), low dose of Sunset Yellow (2.5 mg/kg), high dose of Sunset Yellow (70 mg/kg), low dose of Sunset Yellow (2.5 mg/kg) plus CoQ10, and high dose of Sunset Yellow (70 mg/kg) plus CoQ10. The drugs were administered via daily oral gavages for 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, sperm analysis, stereological and histological assessments of the testis were carried out. Results: The normal morphology (by 41.1%) and progressive spermatozoa (by 74.8%), testicle volume (by 33.4%), lumen volume (by 38.3%), interstitial tissue volume (by 44.7%), seminiferous tubule volume (by 40.7%), and number of spermatogonia (by 53.9%) and Leydig cells (by 70.7%) reduced in the rats that received high doses of Sunset Yellow in comparison to the control group. Nonetheless, all these alterations were recovered by CoQ10 treatment in the CoQ10 plus high dose of Sunset Yellow group. Furthermore, low doses of Sunset Yellow did not affect different parameters of the testis and sperm. Conclusions: CoQ10 could, to some extent, prevent structural changes of the testis induced by the high dose of Sunset Yellow

Preparation and Characterization of Maltodextrin Microcapsules Containing Walnut Green Husk Extract

In recent years, the field of natural antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds is one of the main research topics in the food industry. Application of agricultural residues is mainly cheap, and available resources are receiving increased attention. Walnut green husk is one of the agricultural residues that is considered as natural compounds with biological properties because of phenolic compounds. In this study, maltodextrin 10% was used for microencapsulation of walnut green husk extract. At first, the extract was examined to consider extraction yield, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activation. The results showed the extraction yield of 81.43%, total phenolic compounds of 3997 [mg GAE/100 g], antioxidant activity [DPPH] of 84.85% for walnut green husk extract. Antioxidant activity is about 75%-81% and by DPPH. At the next stage, microencapsulation was done by spry-drying method. The microencapsulation efficiency was 72%-79%. The results of SEM tests confirmed this microencapsulation process. In addition, microencapsulated and free extract was more effective on gram-positive bacteria’s rather than the gram-negative ones. According to the study, walnut green husk can be used as a cheap antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds due to sufficient value of phenolic compounds

Pulmonary fibrosis: Therapeutic and mechanistic insights into the role of phytochemicals

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is the devastating consequence of various inflammatory diseases of the lung. PF leads to a reduction of lung function, respiratory failure, and death. Several molecular pathways are involved in PF, such as inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), tumor necrosis factor β1 (TNFβ1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interleukin 4 (IL-4), reactive oxygen species, matrix metalloproteases, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). Targeting these processes involved in the progression of PF is essential for the treatment of this disease. Natural products, including plant extracts and active compound that directly target the processes involved in PF, could be suitable therapeutic options with less adverse effects. In the present study, we reviewed the protective effects and the therapeutic role of various bioactive compounds from plants in PF management

The importance of hsa-miR-28 in human malignancies

MicroRNA production in tumorigenesis is dysregulated by a variety of processes, such as proliferation and removal of microRNA genes, aberrant transcriptional regulation of microRNAs, disrupted epigenetic alterations, and failures in the miRNA biogenesis machinery. Under some circumstances, miRNAs may act as tumorigenic and maybe anti-oncogenes. Tumor aspects such as maintaining proliferating signals, bypassing development suppressors, delaying apoptosis, stimulating metastasis and invasion, and promoting angiogenesis have been linked to dysfunctional and dysregulated miRNAs. MiRNAs have been found as possible biomarkers for human cancer in a great deal of research, which requires additional evaluation and confirmation. It is known that hsa-miR-28 can function as an oncogene or tumor suppressor in many malignancies, and it does this by modulating the expression of several genes and the downstream signaling network. MiR-28–5p and miR-28–3p, which originate from the same RNA hairpin precursor miR-28, have essential roles in a variety of cancers. This review outlines the function and mechanisms of miR-28–3p and miR-28–5p in human cancers and illustrates the miR-28 family's potential utility as a diagnostic biomarker for prognosis and early detection of cancers