Additional file 1 of Association between change in handgrip strength and cognitive function in Korean adults: a longitudinal panel study

Additional file 1:

Additional file 1 of Synergistic associations of visual and self-reported hearing acuity with low handgrip strength in older adults: a population-based cross-sectional study

Additional file 1

Kaplan-Meier curve showing the cumulative probability of glaucoma progression in patients with NTG.

With conventional long-term IOP variation (CLT), no difference in the cumulative probability of glaucoma progression was detected between the groups with a standard deviation of IOP of >1.5 and P = 0.377, log-rank test).</p

The Effect of Diurnal Fluctuation in Intraocular Pressure on the Evaluation of Risk Factors of Progression in Normal Tension Glaucoma

<div><p>Purpose</p><p>To investigate whether diurnal fluctuation in intraocular pressure (IOP) can influence the result of the correlations between IOP-related factors and progression of normal tension glaucoma (NTG).</p><p>Methods</p><p>Glaucoma progression was defined as visual field (VF) progression and changes in the optic disc and/or retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). Two different methods were used to evaluate the impact of the diurnal fluctuation in IOP. ‘Conventional method’ used in previous studies included all IOP measurements during the follow up time. ‘Time adjusted method’ was used to adjust diurnal fluctuation in IOP with the preferred time. Mean IOP, long term IOP fluctuation and the difference between the lowest and highest IOP were calculated using both methods. Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between IOP-related factors and NTG progression.</p><p>Results</p><p>One hundred and forty eyes of 140 patients with NTG were included in this study. 41% (58 of 140 eyes) of eyes underwent NTG progression. Long term IOP variation calculated by conventional method was not a significant risk factor for NTG progression (hazard ratio[HR], 0.311; 95% confidence interval[CI], 0.056–1.717; <i>P</i> = 0.180). Long term IOP variation calculated by time adjusted method, however, was related to progression, with an HR of 5.260 (95% CI,1.191–23.232; <i>P</i> = 0.029).</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Although having the same IOP-related factors, if diurnal fluctuation is included, different results may be found on the relationship between IOP-related factors and NTG progression. Based on our results, diurnal fluctuation in IOP should be considered when IOP-related factors are studied in the future.</p></div

Incidence and risk of tuberculosis according to changes in smoking status and body weight among current smokers.

Incidence and risk of tuberculosis according to changes in smoking status and body weight among current smokers.</p

Cox proportional hazards model of progression (univariate analysis).

Cox proportional hazards model of progression (univariate analysis).</p

Cumulative incidence curve of tuberculosis according to smoking status by Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test (<i>P</i> < 0.0001).

Cumulative incidence curve of tuberculosis according to smoking status by Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test (P < 0.0001).</p

Cox proportional hazards model of progression (multivariate analysis).

<p>Cox proportional hazards model of progression (multivariate analysis).</p

Risk of tuberculosis development according to the cumulative amounts of cigarettes smoked.

Hazard ratios were adjusted for age, sex, alcohol consumption status, regular exercise, income level, and body mass index. Solid line indicates adjusted hazard ratios and dashed lines indicate 95% confidence interval, respectively. HR, hazard ratio.</p

Incidence and risk of tuberculosis according to smoking status.

Incidence and risk of tuberculosis according to smoking status.</p