Ergonomic Risk Factors During Typing and Its Association with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (Cts)

Background : Typing activity can become a risk factor of CTS if it\u27s done intensely especially without minding about the ergonomic aspects. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a health problem caused by pressure in nervus medianus through the carpal tunnel. This study aimed to find the association between ergonomic risk factor (posture of hand, duration, force and frequency) during typing with the occurrence of CTS in newspaper employees. Methods : Used quantitative study with cross sectional design conducted to 50 employees of Harian Pagi Sumatera Ekspress as population. Data was gatherer by interview, observation and also undertaken Tinnel\u27s test, Phalen\u27s test and Finkelstein test to support the diagnosis of CTS. Data was processed by using SPSS program and performed by univariate analysis, bivariate analysis by using chi-square, multivariate analysis by using multiple logistic regression and also qualitative method using photovoice. Result : The expected of CTS among of respondents is 42%. The result of bivariate showed that there are association between posture of hand and CTS (PR:4,235 CI:1,015-17,668 p value: 0,039), duration and CTS (PR:6,417 CI:1,444-28,511 p value: 0,011), frequency and CTS (PR:5,625 CI:1,178-26,854 p value: 0,024), and also the force and CTS (PR:5 CI:0,964-25,93 p value: 0,041). The result of multivariate analysis showed that frequency of hand posture during typing was a dominant factor that affected the CTS (PR: 3,965 CI: 1,086-14,474 p value: 0,037) Conclusion : There is significant of association between posture of hand, duration, frequency and force during typing and CTS. Frequency is the dominant variable that affects the CTS occurrence after adjusted by posture of hand, duration, force and non occupational risk factor. This study suggests giving more attention to ergonomic aspect through working style and helping tools while doing work

Analysis Of Risk Factor Of Bacteriological Quality Of Drinking Water In Ogan Ilir District

Background: Contamination of bacteria and viruses in drinking water have become the main problem of water pollution in developing countries until now. Research by the Bogor Agricultural Institute and the Agency for Drug and Food Control states that most of the drinking water products produced by DAMIU are considered not to meet the bottled water industry standards. The purpose of this research is to get what factors affect the presence of coliform bacteria in drinking water refills of DAMIU in Ogan Ilir Districts. Method: This research is observation analytic research using cross sectional. The sample in this research is 40 DAMIU in Ogan Ilir Districts. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate, also laboratory test of E-coli content on water samples was done. Results: This research found that 13 DAMIU (32.5%) which positive water samples contain coliform bacteria. The result of statistical analysis showed that the operating permit variables, sterilization equipment, raw water source, filling room, cleanliness of DAMIU, garbage bins, bacteriological inspection, work clothes, food inspection training, periodic supervision, personal hygiene, personal hygiene and hand washing facilities had no relationship with bacteriological quality of water. Conclusion: Hygiene and sanitation of Drinking Water Refill Depot (DAMIU) in Ogan Ilir Districts is still classified into poor condition. Thus increasing the knowledge and awareness of DAMIU employees on sanitary hygiene as well as supervision from the health service and facilitating bacteriological examination of water were need to do