Design of Ultrafast All-Optical Pseudo Binary Random Sequence Generator, 4-bit Multiplier and Divider using 2 x 2 Silicon Micro-ring Resonators

All-optical devices are essential for next generation ultrafast, ultralow-power and ultrahigh bandwidth information processing systems. Silicon microring resonators (SiMRR) provide a versatile platform for all-optical switching and CMOS-compatible computing, with added advantages of high Q-factor, tunability, compactness, cascadability and scalability. A detailed theoretical analysis of ultrafast all-optical switching 2 x 2 SiMRRs has been carried out incorporating the effects of two photon absorption induced free-carrier injection and thermo optic effect. The results have been used to design simple and compact all-optical 3-bit and 4-bit pseudo-random binary sequence generators and the first reported designs of all-optical 4 x 4-bit multiplier and divider. The designs have been optimized for low-power, ultrafast operation with high modulation depth, enabling logic operations at 45 Gbps

sj-docx-1-ehi-10.1177_11786302221146020 – Supplemental material for Human Health Risk Assessment due to Heavy Metals in Ground and Surface Water and Association of Diseases With Drinking Water Sources: A Study From Maharashtra, India

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-ehi-10.1177_11786302221146020 for Human Health Risk Assessment due to Heavy Metals in Ground and Surface Water and Association of Diseases With Drinking Water Sources: A Study From Maharashtra, India by Govind Mawari, Naresh Kumar, Sayan Sarkar, Arthur L Frank, Mradul Kumar Daga, Mongjam Meghachandra Singh, Tushar Kant Joshi and Ishwar Singh in Environmental Health Insights</p

Polyamide–Polyamine Cryptand as Dicarboxylate Receptor: Dianion Binding Studies in the Solid State, in Solution, and in the Gas Phase

Polyamide–polyamine hybrid macrobicycle <b>L</b> is explored with respect to its ability to bind α,ω-dicarboxylate anions. Potentiometric studies of protonated <b>L</b> with the series of dianions from succinate (suc^2–) through glutarate (glu^2–), α-ketoglutarate (kglu^2–), adipate (adi^2–), pimelate (pim^2–), suberate (sub^2–), to azelate (aze^2–) have shown adipate preference with association constant value of <i>K</i> = 4900 M^–1 in a H₂O/DMSO (50:50 <i>v/v</i>) binary solvent mixture. The binding constant increases from glu^2– to adi^2– and then continuously decreases with the length of the anion chain. Further, potentiometric studies suggest that hydrogen bonding between the guest anions and the amide/ammonium protons of the receptor also contributes to the stability of the associations along with electrostatic interactions. Negative-mode electrospray ionization of aqueous solutions of host–guest complexes shows clear evidence for the selective formation of 1:1 complexes. Single-crystal X-ray structures of complexes of the receptor with glutaric acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, and azelaic acid assist to understand the observed binding preferences. The solid-state structures reveal a size/shape complementarity between the host and the dicarboxylate anions, which is nicely reflected in the solution state binding studies