Kuat Geser dan Daktilitas pada Balok Castellated Modifikasi Komposit Mortar Akibat Beban Siklik

Struktur baja castellated merupakan struktur yang terbuat dari balok IWF yang memiliki bukaan lubang berupa heksagonal, lingkaran, maupun persegi. Dengan adanya bukaan lubang maka akan menambah ketnggian penampang yang mampu meningkatkan momen inersia yang terjadi pada balok, sehingga beban maksimum yang dapat dipikul balok juga akan meningkat, namun balok tersebut juga memiliki kelemahan yaitu terjadinya mekanime vierendeel. Oleh karena itu, Pada penelitian ini dikaji perilaku balok castellated komposit mortar akibat beban siklik yang memodelkan beban gempa di lapangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan kekuatan ultimte, daktilitas, dan pola keruntuhan pada balok castellated komposit mortar. Benda uji terbuat dari profil 2L.30.3.3, tulangan ø 13 mm, dan mortar yang memiliki nilai fas 0,4 dengan perbandingan1:1,5. Beban siklik yang diaplikasikan mengacu pada ACI T1.1-01. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai kapasitas beban ultimate pada balok sebesar 203,5 kN untuk siklus positif dan 201,5 untuk siklus negatif. Lendutan yang terjadi sebesar 3,46 mm untuk siklus positif dan 3,36 untuk siklus negatif. Nilai daktilitas rata-rata yang didapat sebesar 3,45. Dari hasil tersebut dapat diklasifikasikan bahwa struktur memiliki tingkat daktilitas sedang

Batako Sekam Padi Komposit Mortar Semen

Several previous construction material researches on exploiting rice husk as wall panel (concrete block), showed that rice husk mixed with construction material gave lighter weight but lower strength. This research attempted to improve the strength of the concrete block composite by giving cement mortar mixture as the outer layer. The specimen of concrete block composite was made under the concrete principal method. The first step was to put the concrete block composite and rice husk into a mold in various thickness of required outer layer. Then cement mortar mixture was poured around it as the outer layer. The results showed that the compressive strength of concrete block for various outer layer thickness without cord net ranging from 5 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm were reached at 1,68 MPa, 5,16 MPa and 6,51 MPa, respectively and per m² wall weight of 102,44 kgs, 122,46 kgs, and 139,10 kgs, respectively. The compressive strength of concrete block with cord net for the same outer layer thickness variation were reached at 1,97 MPa, 5,72 MPa and 6,70 MPa, respectively and per m² wall weight of 120,40 kgs, 135,98 kgs, and 152,23 kgs. Water absorption of outer layer achieved were 2,01% and 7,06% after 10 minutes and 24 hours soaking, respectively. The optimum outer layer thickness without cord net of concrete block composite with rice husk was 10 mm, which met the requirements of minimum compressive strength, light weighted and economic cost aspects

Analisis Daya Dukung Beban Balok Beton Bertulang Tampang T Dengan Perkuatan Wire Rope Pada Daerah Momen Negatif Menggunakan Program Response-2000 Dan Metode Pias

Response-2000 adalah suatu program yang dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis elemen beton bertulang akibat beban aksial, momen, geser, maupun kombinasi ketiganya sehingga respon beban-lendutan dapat diprediksi dan kekuatannya dapat diketahui. Makalah ini membahas perbandingan kapasitas daya dukung beban hasil pengujian balok bertulang tampang T yang diperkuat wire rope pada daerah momen negatif dengan analisis menggunakan Response-2000 dan metode pias. Metode pias dilakukan dengan cara membagi penampang menjadi sejumlah pias dengan ketebalan tertentu, kemudian menganalisis gaya-gaya yang bekerja sampai tercapai keseimbangan sehingga dapat ditentukan kapasitasnya. Analisis dilakukan terhadap 3 model balok tampang T, masing-masing 1 balok tanpa perkuatan, 1 balok diperkuat dengan 2 wire rope, dan 1 balok dipekuat dengan 4 wire rope. Jenis wire rope yang digunakan adalah Independent Wire Rope Core (IWRC) dengan diameter 10 mm. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kurva hubungan beban-lendutan untuk semua balok berdasarkan analisis Response-2000 memiliki pola yang mendekati kurva hubungan beban-lendutan hasil pengujian. Namun demikian terdapat perbedaan pada kemiringan kurva di mana hal tersebut dapat disebabkan oleh adanya anggapan lekatan sempurna (perfect bond) pada program Response-2000. Hal yang sama juga berlaku pada analisis metode pias. Daya dukung beban hasil Response-2000 menunjukkan rasio sebesar 1,05; 0,95; dan 0,89 terhadap hasil pengujian, masing-masing untuk balok tanpa perkuatan, balok diperkuat dengan 2 wire rope, dan balok dipekuat dengan 4 wire rope. Sedangkan kapasitas daya dukung beban hasil analisis metode pias menunjukkan rasio sebesar 1,05; 0,85; dan 0,76 terhadap hasil pengujian

Sistem Informasi Manajemen Jembatan Berbasis Web dengan Metode Bridge Condition Rating (Studi Kasus Pengelolaan Jembatan di Kabupaten Garut)

A state progression level can be identified from the infrastructure demand. However, infrastructure projects requires high investment cost, therefore it is recessary to optimally maintain the existing infrastructure facility. Bridge management is required to maintain the bridge function and role, as well as to keep the bridge service period in line with the service period plan by using various efforts to maintain the safety, comfort, and economy in serving the traffic. The bridge management needs a lot of recent information of the bridge inventory and condition. It is required to build accurate and up-to-date information for bridge management completed with DSS (Decision Support System) to make the inventorying result to be easily understood and to determine bridge management priority. Research area in producing this system was located at Garut Regency, West Java by taking 7 bridges as samples, under Bina Marga Public Work management. WEB-based Bridge Management Information System (SIMJWEB) was software built with PHP (PHP Hypertext Preprocessor) and MySQL Database Management System. The bridge condition is visually assessed using the Bridge Condition Rating method of NYSDOT (New York State Department of Transportations). Bridge component is assessed based on Component Rating of 7 as good and 1 as worst. The total Component Rating is multiplied with Weight Factor from each component, and then divided by total Weight Factor resulting from Bridge Condition Rating that reflects the bridge condition. Treatment priority determination is based on Bridge Condition Rating Value. Information on treatment time delay is obtained from estimated bridge service period using IBMS (Interurban Bridge Management System) assumption. SIMJWEB is able to provide prompt information on the inventory, condition, proposal and management priority data, as well as the estimation of bridge service period. Such information helps the bridge manager in making decision. Through internet media, bridge user can actively participate to bridge management in a region by giving idea or following public hearing made by bridge manager. This research results show that Cipancar 1 Bridge has the highest treatment priority at condition rating of 4.874 and requires rehabilitation as the proposed treatment. The lowest priority is Cimanuk Andir bridge at condition rating of 6.587 and requires regular and periodic maintenance as the proposed treatment. By estimating that Cipancar 1 bridge plan period is 50, the Equivalent period is 28.3 years and in 22 years later, the bridge function would not be functioned anymore

Pemanfaatan Limbah Kertas Koran untuk Pembuatan Panel Papercrete

The availability of natured material for construction is so limited and in the other hand it's demand increase. The consequence is try to explore alternative materials such as waste material which has not been explored as construction material. The recycled paper were chosen to be used as a filler component and mixed with cements as a bonding agent. Hence paper fiber include other paper ingredients will become construction material and at the same time to minimized the impact of waste paper to environment. One of the way to enhanced the paper and cements mixture quality as a component of concrete panel were by adding an admixture. Cements and water mixture are the bonding agent, while the filler material are paper and sugar cane admixture as the retarder. This mixture can be categorized as a light concrete. If it used as a papercrete panel will be the alternative building element to reduc dead load for the main structures. A light concrete panel from a mixture of news paper powder and white cement as a bonding agent, forms panel through cold pressed process. Papercrete panel and cube are made for sample with size 420 x 420 x 7 mm³ and 50 x 50 x 50 mm³ respectively. The volume ratio of paper - cements mixture were 2, 3, 4, are made of two condition i.e. without admixtures and with 0,2% sugar cane admixtures concentration by cement weight. The research will find out papercrete unit weight, flexural strength panel, cubical compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, water absorption and the price of concrete panel at every cubic and square meter. The result is concrete unit weight ranges from 840 - 933 kg/m³, the highest flexural strength papercrete panel reached at volume ratio of paper - cements mixture 2 with sugar admixture was 8,36 MPa. The highest the compressive strength reached at the volume ratio of paper – cements mixture 2 with sugar cane admixture was 2,48 MPa. The highest modulus of elasticity at the volume ratio of paper - cements mixture 3 with sugar admixture was 6,48 MPa with water absorption still above 50%. that is lower water absorption 56,93% at volume ratio of paper - cements mixture 2 with sugar cane admixture and the highest absorption at volume ratio of paper - cements mixture 4 was 84,23%. While the increasing of paper powder in mixture, concrete unit weight, flexural strenth, compressive strength and modulus of elasticity papercrete becoming lower with the increasing of water absorption. Addition of sugar cane 0,2% by cements weight haves an flexural strength improvement up to 7,66%, and enhanced compressive strength 50,24%, improvement concrete weight equal to 4,71% and reduced adsorption until 10,7%, but in papercrete product with sugar cane admixture doesn't have significant effect of production budget

Perancangan Laboratorium Campuran Hrs-wc dengan Penggunaan Buton Granular Asphalt (Bga) sebagai Bahan Additive

Increasing demand for asphalt in the country results in 650,000 tons of imported asphalt per year. The early damage of asphalt pavement is due to increasing axle loads and high temperature climates. On the other side, natural asphalt in Buton island of Sulawesi Tenggara, which is the biggest natural asphalt deposit district in world containing about 677 million tons of asphalt, has not been optimally exploited. This research designs HRS-WC mixture by utilizing Buton Granular Asphalt ( BGA), one of Buton asphalt form, as additive in the binder. The objective of this research is to identify mixture characteristics by referring to Marshall characteristic. Mixture is designed under the Marshall Standard procedure and 24 hours Marshall Immersion at optimum binder content according to Indonesian specification (Bina Marga, 2005) for Hot Rolled Sheet-Wearing Course ( HRS-WC). Mixture design applies the additive BGA (Buton Granular Asphalt) variations of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% to the total mixture. The results of the research showed the optimum asphalt content of specimen Buton Granular Asphalt (BGA) variations of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% were 8.3%, 7.7%, 7.2%, 6.7%, 6.4%, and 6.3%, respectively. The misture reached the Stability values at 1373.8 kgs, 1554.9 kgs, 1493.1 kgs, 1419.3 kgs, 1230.0 kgs, and 1429.3 kgs, respectively. Index of retained strength obtained were 98.1%, 75.4%, 87.9%, 93.0%, 98.6%, and 80.5%, respectively. Composition suitable for addition Buton Granular Asphalt (BGA) at HRS-WC mixture were 2% and 4% BGA, with the mixture density values of 2.266 gr/cm3 and 2.218 gr/cm3, mixture VMA values of 19.9% and 18.9%, mixture VFWA values of 74.7% and 71.4%, mixture VITM values of 5.0% and 5.4%, mixture Stability values of 1554,9 kgs and 1493,1 kgs, mixture flow value of both of 3,0 mm, mixture MQ values of524.1 kg/mm and 493.1 kg/mm, mixture Index of retained strength of 75.4% and 87.9%

Penggunaan Gula Pasir Lokal Sebagai Plasticizer Pada Adukan Mortar Untuk Pembuatan Conblock

Cement mortar (cement, sand and water mixture) has been widely applied as building materials, such as cement plaster, conblock, concrete brick, roof tile, etc. To obtain good quality conblock, one of the efforts is by adding cane sugar the plasticizer into a mortar mixture. Although cane sugar addition can reduce the use of cement and water, but the mortar workability degree can still be maintained. Reduction of the cement used also reduces the cost needed to make the cement mortar, which produces a more economical conblock. The objective of this research is to identify the cement ratio, specific gravity, compressive strength, water absorption, and endurance of the conblock through the abrasion test. This research was carried out in the Construction Material Laboratory of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department of Gadjah Mada University. Conblocks used as samples were ones produced by Diamond Baru Conblock Baru Yogyakarta. The materials for producing material consisted of Portland cement Type I produced by Gresik cement factory, and sand from Krasak River in Yogyakarta. The local cane sugar used was produced by Madukismo Sugar Factory in Yogyakarta. The mixture samples were made using cement-sand at various ratios of 1:2, 1:4 and 1:6. For each ratio, two types of samples were made and one of them was added with cane sugar at 2% of the cement weight. Twenty samples of conblock specimens were made for each variation, both for with and without cane sugar addition. The conblock dimension was 200 x 100 x 80 mm. The specimens were given fresh and hardened conblock test and measurement after 28 days after they were made. The research results indicated that cane sugar addition gave insignificant effect to the reduction of cement and water in the mixture because plasticizer material reached cement decrement less than 3%. The compressive strength decreased to 2.5%, 10% and 9% than the normal conblock at the volume ratios of 1:2, 1:4 and 1:6, respectively. Results of compressive strength test showed that samples met the conblock quality standards as referred by SII 0819-83 class I and II. Material cost of conblock m3 with cane sugar addition was 3% cheaper than normal conblock