Study flow chart of patient inclusions and exclusions.

ICU, intensive care unit; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit.</p

Distribution of physical/occupational therapy according to age in Korean intensive care units.

ICU, intensive care unit. Overall p for trend < 0.01.</p

Odds ratio (95% CI) for PT/OT-provided rehabilitation of critically ill children in intensive care units in Korea, 2013 to 2019.

Odds ratio (95% CI) for PT/OT-provided rehabilitation of critically ill children in intensive care units in Korea, 2013 to 2019.</p

Characteristics of ICU patients according to PT/OT-provided rehabilitation in Korea, January 2013 to July 2019.

Characteristics of ICU patients according to PT/OT-provided rehabilitation in Korea, January 2013 to July 2019.</p

Claim codes for treatments or procedures.

(DOCX)</p

Required procedures and hospital outcomes of ICU patients according to PT/OT-provided rehabilitation in Korea, January 2013 to July 2019.

Required procedures and hospital outcomes of ICU patients according to PT/OT-provided rehabilitation in Korea, January 2013 to July 2019.</p

Trends in physical therapy/occupational therapy rehabilitation provided to critically ill children in Korean intensive care units over a 5-year period.

ICU, intensive care unit. Overall p for trend < 0.01.</p

Table1_Gender and authorship of publications from Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI).docx

IntroductionPediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) is a network fostering clinical research to optimize care for critically ill children. We aim to examine the efforts of the PALISI Network to increase gender parity in research, as evidenced by authorship.MethodsThe first and senior authors of all published PALISI articles from 2002 to 2021 were analyzed for gender of presentation. Funding sources, impact factors, professional roles, and location were extracted.ResultsWe identified 303 articles, 61 published from 2002 to 2011, and 242 from 2012 to 2021. There were 302 first authors, representing 188 unique individuals, and 283 senior authors, representing 119 unique individuals. Over half (55.6%, n = 168) of the first authors were women. More women were first authors from 2012 to 2021 (n = 145, 60.2%) as compared to the years 2002–2011 [37.7%, n = 23, OR = 2.50 (95% CI: 1.40, 4.45, p = 0.002)]. Senior authors were 36.0% (n = 102) women, with no change over time. Women senior authors had a higher proportion of women first authors (67.7% vs. 32.4%, p = 0.017). No gender differences were noted based on article type or impact factor. The majority of authors came from institutions in the United States. Women had comparatively more NIH and CDC funding but received less funding from foundations and AHRQ.DiscussionIn PALISI publications, first authorship by women has increased over time, such that it now exceeds both the proportion of women pediatric intensivists and women first authors in critical care publications. Senior authorship by women has been stagnant. A multifactorial approach by individuals, institutions, networks, and journals is needed to bring senior women authors to parity.</p

Data_Sheet_1_Sustainability in pediatric hospitals: An exploration at the intersection of quality improvement and implementation science.docx

BackgroundAlthough new evidence-based practices are frequently implemented in clinical settings, many are not sustained, limiting the intended impact. Within implementation science, there is a gap in understanding sustainability. Pediatric healthcare settings have a robust history of quality improvement (QI), which includes a focus on continuation of change efforts. QI capability and sustainability capacity, therefore, serve as a useful concept for connecting the broader fields of QI and implementation science to provide insights on improving care. This study addresses these gaps in understanding of sustainability in pediatric settings and its relationship to QI.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional observational study conducted within pediatric academic medical centers in the United States. Clinicians surveyed worked with one of three evidence-based clinical programs: perioperative antimicrobial stewardship prescribing, early mobility in the intensive care unit, and massive blood transfusion administration. Participants completed two assessments: (1) the Clinical Sustainability Assessment Tool (CSAT) and (2) a 19-question assessment that included demographics and validation questions, specifically a subset of questions from the Change Process Capability Questionnaire, a QI scale. Initial descriptive and bivariate analyses were conducted prior to building mixed-effects models relating perceived QI to clinical sustainability capacity.ResultsA total of 181 individuals from three different programs and 30 sites were included in the final analyses. QI capability scores were assessed as a single construct (5-point Likert scale), with an average response of 4.16 (higher scores indicate greater QI capability). The overall CSAT score (7-point Likert scale) was the highest for massive transfusion programs (5.51, SD = 0.91), followed by early mobility (5.25, SD = 0.92) and perioperative antibiotic prescribing (4.91, SD = 1.07). Mixed-effects modeling illustrated that after controlling for person and setting level variables, higher perceptions of QI capabilities were significantly related to overall clinical sustainability.ConclusionOrganizations and programs with higher QI capabilities had a higher sustainability capacity, even when controlling for differences at the individual and intervention levels. Organizational factors that enable evidence-based interventions should be further studied, especially as they relate to sustainability. Issues to be considered by practitioners when planning for sustainability include bedside provider perceptions, intervention achievability, frequency of delivery, and organizational influences.</p

sj-docx-1-jic-10.1177_08850666221097644 - Supplemental material for Mobilization and Rehabilitation Practice in ICUs During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jic-10.1177_08850666221097644 for Mobilization and Rehabilitation Practice in ICUs During the COVID-19 Pandemic by Keibun Liu, Kensuke Nakamura, Sapna R. Kudchadkar, Hajime Katsukawa, Peter Nydahl, Eugene Wesley Ely, Kunihiko Takahashi, Shigeaki Inoue and Osamu Nishida in Journal of Intensive Care Medicine</p