The Brazilian Council for Economic and Social Development and the new developmentalist agenda in Brazil

No Brasil, inaugura-se um período de recuperação das capacidades de investimento do Estado e de ampliação de espaços institucionais para a participação social com a eleição do Presidente Lula em 2003. O Conselho de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (CDES) foi criado com o objetivo de debater as políticas desenvolvimentistas em diálogo com a sociedade civil. Por meio da análise documental, este artigo visa analisar em que medida o CDES contribuiu para a retomada da agenda desenvolvimentista nos últimos anos.En Brasil, se inauguró un período caracterizado por la capacidad de recuperación de la inversión del Estado y por la ampliación del diálogo con la sociedad civil desde la elección del Presidente Lula en el 2003. El Consejo de Desarrollo Económico y Social (CDES) se estableció con el objetivo de discutir las políticas de desarrollo en el diálogo con la sociedad civil. A partir de el análisis de documentos, este artículo tiene por objetivo analizar como la creación del CDES contribuyó a la agenda del desarrollo en los últimos años.In Brazil, a period characterized by the recovery of state investment capacity and the expansion of dialogue with civil society has begun since the election of President Lula in 2003. The Council for Economic and Social Development (CDES) was created with the objective of discussing development policies in dialogue with civil society. Based on documental analysis, this article seeks to understand how the CDES has contributed to the Brazilian development agenda in recent years.Revista do Serviço Público - RSP, v. 65, n. 2, p. 137-161Políticas Públicas e SociaisRevista do Serviço Público, ISSN eletrônico: 23578017 ISSN impresso: 0034924

A study on the relationship between muscle function, functional mobility and level of physical activity in community-dwelling elderly

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a relação da função muscular de membros inferiores (MMII), circunferência de panturrilha (CP), força de preensão palmar (FPP), mobilidade funcional e nível de atividade física (NAF) em idosos comunitários ativos com idades entre 65-69, 70-79 e 80 ou mais anos e identificar a melhor medida clínica para rastreamento de redução de função muscular de MMII em idosos. MÉTODOS: Oitenta e um idosos (42 mulheres e 39 homens) submeteram-se à avaliação da velocidade de marcha (Kit Multisprint), FPP (dinamômetro Jamar), força e potência muscular de MMII (dinamômetro isocinético Biodex), NAF (Perfil de Atividade Humana) e CP (fita métrica). Procedeu-se à análise estatística com ANOVA, correlação de Pearson e curva ROC. RESULTADOS: Os idosos de 80 ou mais anos apresentaram valores menores que os de 65-69 para CP dominante (34,9±3 vs 37,7±3,6), velocidade de marcha habitual (VMH) (1,1±0,2 vs 1,2±0,2) e velocidade de marcha máxima (VMM) (1,4±0,3 vs 1,7±0,3), FPP (23,8±7,5 vs 31,8±10,3), média de pico de torque (MPT) e potência média (PM) de quadril, joelho e tornozelo (p<0,05). O NAF não apresentou diferença significativa entre os grupos. A força e potência muscular apresentaram correlações moderadas com VMH, VMM e FPP e correlações baixas com a CP e com o NAF (p<0,05). A curva ROC sugeriu o ponto de corte de FPP de 14,51 Kgf para rastreamento de redução de função muscular nas mulheres idosas (p=0,03). CONCLUSÕES: Existe associação entre a função muscular de MMII, FPP e VMM: esses parâmetros diminuem com o envelhecimento, e a FPP pode prever redução de função muscular de MMII em idosas.Objectives: to evaluate the relationship between lower extremity muscle function, calf circumference (CC), handgrip strength (HG), functional mobility and level of physical activity among age groups (65-69, 70-79, 80+) of older adults (men and women) and to identify the best parameter for screening muscle function loss in the elderly. Methods: 81 community-dwelling elderly (42 women and 39 men) participated. Walking speed (Multisprint Kit), HG (Jamar dynamometer), hip, knee and ankle muscle function (Biodex isokinetic dynamometer), level of physical activity (Human Activity Profle) and CC (tape measure) were evaluated. ANOVA, Pearson correlation and ROC curves were used for statistical analysis. Results: Dominant CC (34.9±3 vs 37.7±3.6), habitual (1.1±0.2 vs 1.2±0.2) and fast (1.4±0.3 vs 1.7±0.3) walking speed, HG (23.8±7.5 vs 31.8±10.3), average peak torque and average hip, knee and ankle power (p<0.05) were lower for the 80+ group than for the 65-69 year-olds. There were no differences in physical activity level among age groups. Moderate signifcant correlations were found between muscle function parameters, walking speed and HG; a fair degree of relationship was found between muscle function parameters, CC and level of physical activity (p<0.05). The ROC curve analysis suggested a cutoff point of 14.51 Kgf for screening muscle function loss in elderly women (p=0.03). Conclusions: This study demonstrated an association between muscle function, HG and fast walking speed, a decrease in these parameters with age and the possibility of using HG to screen for muscle function of the lower extremities

A lavagem do Bonfim: olhares e clicks cruzados entre as imagens de Weldon Americano e as fotografias da pesquisa Lazer e Corpo

Este artigo procura identificar as similaridades e as diferenças entre os conteúdos culturais e corporais subjacentes nas imagens fotográficas da Festa do Senhor do Bonfim retratadas por Weldon Americano da Costa em sua obra “Cidade do Salvador: Terra do meu coração” e as fotografias produzidas na Pesquisa Lazer e Corpo. Para tanto, adota a perspectiva da análise fotográfica (KOSSOY, 2001) como dispositivo de pesquisa. A associação e a correlação de fotografias de tempos históricos diferentes revela múltiplos significados emergentes nas festas populares baianas, suas facetas e ressignificações. Verifica-se: desde o cortejo das velhas e jovens baianas à presença das ‘baianas de eventos’, a arte de equilibrar entre fé e trabalho; as carroças, entre a tradição e a proibição; e a cultura material do vestir-se na roda de capoeirapesquisa financiada pela Rede CEDES/Ministério dos Esporte

Changes in body composition in women using long-acting reversible contraception

OBJECTIVE: Users of hormonal long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) report weight gain as a side effect, but few studies have assessed body composition change among LARC users. We evaluated weight and body composition of healthy women using the levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS), copper intrauterine device (copper IUD) or etonogestrel implant (ENG implant). We hypothesized that weight gain and body composition over 12 months would not differ between copper IUD, LNG-IUS and ENG implant users. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a prospective cohort study of a subgroup of women enrolled in the Contraceptive CHOICE Project who initiated the LNG-IUS, copper IUD or ENG implant. Inclusion criteria included lack of metabolic and eating disorders or change in body weight of more than 5% in the 6 months before enrollment. We measured changes in weight and body composition (body fat percentage, total body fat mass, total lean mass and total body mass) in women who continued their method for 12 months. RESULTS: We analyzed data from 149 participants: 85 LNG-IUS users, 31 copper IUD users and 33 ENG implant users. The mean age was 25.9 years, 56.4% were White, 82.5% had some college education and 67.6% were nulliparous. Although lean body mass increased over 12 months in LNG-IUS and copper IUD users but not in ENG implant users, changes in body weight and body composition did not differ between the groups. In the adjusted model, Black race was associated with change in total body mass (p<.05). CONCLUSIONS: Among those who continued the method for 12 months, changes in body weight and composition did not differ between copper IUD, LNG-IUS and ENG implant users. IMPLICATIONS STATEMENT: Changes in body weight and composition over 12 months did not differ between copper IUD users and LNG-IUS and ENG implant users among those with 12 months of continuous use

Análise de uma sequência didática para articular a tabela periódica aos princípios de integração entre ciência, tecnologia e sociedade

O presente trabalho discute como uma sequencia didática (SD) elaborada por bolsistas do Programa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) do curso de Licenciatura em Química da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF) apresentou-se como uma opção interessante de estratégia de ensino e aprendizagem relativa a aspectos teóricos e fenomenológicos do tema tabela periódica integrados ao contexto CTS. Os recursos usados: jogos e textos adaptados se revelaram como materiais potencialmente significativos que contribuíram não só na formação dos alunos da educação básica, mas principalmente na formação inicial de professores de Química

Phototherapy 660 nm for the prevention of radiodermatitis in breast cancer patients receiving radiation therapy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Breast neoplasms are the second most common type of cancer worldwide, and radiation therapy is a key component of their treatment. Acute skin reactions are one of the most common side effects of radiation therapy, and prevention of this adverse event has been investigated in several studies. However, a clinically applicable, preventative treatment remains unavailable. It has been demonstrated that application of a low-power laser can promote tissue repair. Therefore, the aim of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of an indium gallium aluminum phosphorus (InGaAIP) laser operated at 660 nm in preventing radiodermatitis in women undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer.Methods/Design: This is a two-arm, randomized controlled trial. A total of 52 patients undergoing radiotherapy for breast cancer (stages I to III) will be enrolled. Patients will be randomly assigned to an intervention group to receive laser therapy (n = 26) or a control group to receive a placebo (n = 26). the laser or placebo will be applied five days a week, immediately before each radiotherapy session. Skin reactions will then be graded weekly by a nurse, a radiotherapist, and an oncologist (all of whom will be blinded) using the Common Toxicity Criteria (CTC) developed by the National Cancer Institute and the Acute Radiation Morbidity Scoring Criteria developed by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Patients will also answer a modified visual analogue scale for pain (a self-evaluation questionnaire). Primary and secondary outcomes will be the prevention of radiodermatitis and pain secondary to radiodermatitis, respectively.Discussion: the ideal tool for preventing radiodermatitis is an agent that mediates DNA repair or promotes cell proliferation. Application of a low-power laser has been shown to promote tissue repair by reducing inflammation and inducing collagen synthesis. Moreover, this treatment approach has not been associated with adverse events and is cost-effective. Thus, the results of this ongoing trial may establish whether use of a low-power laser represents an ideal treatment option for the prevention of radiodermatitis.Hosp Canc Barretos, Dept Oncol, BR-14784400 Barretos, SP, BrazilUniv Vale Sapuca, Dept Physiotherapy, BR-37550000 Pouso Alegre, MG, BrazilHosp Canc Barretos, Dept Radiotherapy, BR-14784400 Barretos, SP, BrazilOncominas, Dept Radiotherapy, BR-37550 Pouso Alegre, MG, BrazilUniv Vale Sapuca, Dept Plast Surg, BR-37550000 Pouso Alegre, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Plast Surg, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Plast Surg, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Topical use of mitomycin C for the treatment of corneal-conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia and conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma: preliminary results

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety, efficacy and recurrence after topical use of mitomycin C (MMC) for primary or recurrent corneal-conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and recurrent squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). METHODS: Two groups of patients were trated. Group 1 patients with primary or recurrent CIN were treated with topical 0.02% MMC, qid for 28 days. Group 2, patients with recurrent SCC, were treated with topical 0.02% MMC, qid for 21 to28 days. RESULTS: Eight patients with CIN and 1with SCC had a total regression of the lesion and all of them had negative control exfoliative cytology for neoplastic cells. One patient with CIN and 2 with SCC had partial regression of the lesions, which were excised surgically, and the pathology was negative for neoplasia. Side effects were transient and subsided after descontinuation of the treatment. There was no recurrence of the lesions on a mean follow-up of 24.9 months. CONCLUSION: The preliminary results of this study suggest that the use of the topical MMC is safe and efficient for the treatment of primary and recurrent CIN and recurrent SCC, although it did not prevent surgery in almost all cases of CEC. There were no recurrences during the follow-up. Further studies with more patients and longer follow-up are necessary to confirm this results.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a segurança, a eficácia e a recidiva tumoral após o uso de mitomicina C (MMC) tópica no tratamento de neoplasias intra-epiteliais (NIC) primárias e recidivadas e carcinomas espinocelulares (CEC) recidivados. MÉTODOS: Dois grupos de pacientes foram tratados. Grupo 1 com diagnóstico de NIC primário ou recidivado fez uso do colírio de MMC 0,02%, 4 vezes ao dia por 28 dias. O grupo 2 com diagnóstico de CEC recidivado fez uso do colírio de MMC 0,02%, 4 vezes ao dia por 21 a 28 dias. Após o término do tratamento era feita citologia exfoliativa para controle ou biópsia nos casos de lesão residual. RESULTADOS: Oito pacientes com NIC e 1 com CEC mostraram regressão total da lesão e citologia exfoliativa de controle negativa para células neoplásicas. Em 1 paciente com NIC e 2 com CEC, houve regressão parcial das lesões, tendo sido necessária exérese cirúrgica da lesão residual, com exame anatomopatológico negativo para neoplasia. Os efeitos colaterais foram transitórios e desapareceram após a suspensão do colírio. Não houve recidiva tumoral num seguimento médio de 24,9 meses. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados preliminares desse estudo su-gerem que o uso da MMC tópica é opção segura e eficaz como tratamento único de NIC primária ou recidivada e no tratamento do CEC recidivado, porém não evitando a cirurgia na maioria dos pacientes com CEC. Não foram observadas recidivas tumorais durante o segmento. Mais estudos são necessários, com maior número de pacientes e maior tempo de seguimento para confirmar esses resultados.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Setor de Tumores OcularesUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Setor de Córnea e Patologia ExternaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de PatologiaUNIFESP, Setor de Tumores OcularesUNIFESP, Setor de Córnea e Patologia ExternaUNIFESP, Depto. de PatologiaSciEL

New non-toxic semi-synthetic derivatives from natural diterpenes displaying promising anti-tuberculosis activity

We herein report the synthesis of six diterpene derivatives, three of which are 23 new, generated through known organic chemistry reactions that allowed structural 24 modification of the existing natural products kaurenoic acid (1) and copalic acid (2). The 25 new compounds were fully characterized using high resolution mass spectrometry, infra-26 red spectroscopy, 1H and 13C NMR experiments. We also report the evaluation of the anti-27 tuberculosis potential for all compounds, which showed some promising results for 28 Micobacterium tuberculosis inhibition. Moreover, the toxicity for each of the most active 29 compounds was also assessed

Trypanosoma amblyommi sp. nov. (Protozoa: Kinetoplastida) isolated from Amblyomma brasiliense (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Parasites of the genus Trypanosoma are microorganisms that display wide morphological, biological and genetic variability. Here we present the first description of an isolate of the genus Trypanosoma naturally infecting the tick Amblyomma brasiliense. The ticks were collected from a specimen of Tayassu pecari (Queixada, white-lipped peccary) from the Itatiaia National Park, Itatiaia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The isolate was characterised by molecular, morphometric and biological analyses. A Trypanosoma culture was isolated from crushed nymphal and adult ticks, propagated in the tick cell line IDE8 and maintained in L15B culture medium, incubated at 32 °C. The isolate grew well in L15B medium at 30 °C, 32 °C and 34 °C but not at lower or higher temperatures. The culture remained stable in axenic L15B medium at 30 °C. Cryopreserved cultures retained viability after cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen. Growth in axenic medium and developmental forms of the trypanosomes were analysed. Analysis of the 18S rDNA region confirmed the authenticity of this new species and the nucleotide sequence was deposited in Genbank. The species was named Trypanosoma amblyommi sp. nov. strain C1RJ. Characteristics related to pathogenicity, involvement with vertebrate hosts, epidemiology, developmental cycle and transmission mechanisms are still unknown. Therefore, further studies are necessary to understand aspects of the biological cycle of Trypanosoma amblyommi sp. nov

Mycobacterium bovis infection in goats from the Northeast Region of Brazil

A total of 8,058 male and female mixed-breed goats and 1-4 years of age were slaughtered over a period of 7 months at the public slaughterhouse of Patos city, Paraíba state, in the Northeast region of Brazil; 822 animals were inspected for gross lesions of tuberculosis, and 12 (1.46%) had lesions suggestive of tuberculosis in the mammary gland, lungs, liver and mediastinal, mesenteric, submandibular, parotid and prescapular lymph nodes. Presence of granulomatous lesions was confirmed in the submandibular lymph node of one (8.3%) goat at the histopathological examination and at the mycobacterium culture the same sample was confirmed positive. Isolate was confirmed as belonging to the M. tuberculosis complex by PCR restriction enzyme analysis (PRA). Spoligotyping identified the isolate into spoligotype SB0295 on the M. bovis Spoligotype Database website (www.mbovis.org), and it was classified as M. bovis. The occurrence of M. bovis in goats in this study suggests that this species may be a potential source of infection for humans and should be regarded as a possible problem in the advancement of control and eradication program for bovine tuberculosis in Brazil