128 research outputs found

    Characterizing far from equilibrium states of the one-dimensional nonlinear Schr{\"o}dinger equation

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    We use the mathematical toolbox of the inverse scattering transform to study quantitatively the number of solitons in far from equilibrium one-dimensional systems described by the defocusing nonlinear Schr{\"o}dinger equation. We present a simple method to identify the discrete eigenvalues in the Lax spectrum and provide a extensive benchmark of its efficiency. Our method can be applied in principle to all physical systems described by the defocusing nonlinear Schr{\"o}dinger equation and allows to identify the solitons velocity distribution in numerical simulations and possibly experiments.Comment: Submission to SciPos

    Targeting proteases and proteolytic processing of unusual N-terminal extensions of Plasmodium proteins: parasite peculiarity

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    More than sesquicentennial years of malarial research, however the unique malarial parasite, Plasmodium still bewilders us with its atypical characteristic features. Elimination strategies, deeper knowledge of the parasite biology and pathways can help combat this global health concern that affects ∼250 million people annually. In this review, we unveil an unusual phenomenon observed in the parasite proteome, N-terminal extensions in proteins and highlight that the proteases that may be involved in their processing events, are potential candidates to target this pathogen. Plasmodium encodes larger proteins as compared to its eukaryotic counterparts with homology regions present in the C-terminus of the protein. In contrast, the function of unusual extensions in the N-terminus remains mostly elusive. This novelty observed in Plasmodium proteins is collated here with a focus on replication proteins. The plausible functions and prevalence of these extensions, despite the reduction in genome size, through the parasite evolution are also mentioned. We hypothesize that these extensions, propagated via the energy consuming cellular processes in the otherwise host-dependent obligate parasite, are beneficial to the parasite in ways that are yet to be explored. Consequently, targeting the proteolytic processing of these proteins and the involved proteases would serve as a new drug development regimen to tackle the emerging resistance in parasites to existing antimalarials

    Phase diffusion and fluctuations in a dissipative Bose-Josephson junction

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    We analyze the phase diffusion, quantum fluctuations and their spectral features of an one-dimensional Bose-Josephson junction (BJJ) coupled to a bosonic heat bath. We show the dependence of the phase diffusion coefficient on the on-site interaction parameter UU and the temperature in zero-phase and π\pi-phase modes. We find that in the π\pi-phase mode, the phase diffusion co-efficient as a function of UU decreases so long as UU is below a critical value while it increases above the critical value. This criticality of on-site interaction reflects a transition between Josephson oscillation and macroscopic quantum self-trapping (MQST) regime. Based on the thermal canonical Wigner distribution, we calculate the coherence factor to understand its dependence on temperature and on-site interaction energy in Josephson oscillation and MQST regime. Furthermore, we discuss coherent and incoherent spectral properties in connection with the fluctuations of the relative phase and the population imbalance in both zero and π\pi-phase modes from weak to strong dissipation regime

    The effects of trap-confinement and interatomic interactions on Josephson effects and macroscopic quantum self-trapping for a Bose-Einstein Condensate

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    We theoretically study the effects of trap-confinement and interatomic interactions on Josephson oscillations (JO) and macroscopic quantum self-trapping (MQST) for a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) confined in a trap which has a symmetric double-well (DW) potential along z-axis and 2D harmonic potentials along x- and y-axis. We consider three types of model interaction potentials: contact, long-range dipolar and finite-range potentials. Our results show that by changing the aspect ratio between the axial and radial trap sizes, one can induce a transition from JO to MQST for contact interactions with a small scattering length. For long-range dipolar interatomic interactions, we analyze transition from Rabi to Josephson regime and Josephson to MQST regime by changing the aspect ratio of the trap for a particular dipolar orientation. For a finite-range interaction, we study the effects of relatively large scattering length and effective range on JO and MQST. We show that JO and MQST are possible even if scattering length is relatively large, particularly near a narrow Feshbach resonance due to the finite-range effects
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