6,275 research outputs found
Quenching of phase coherence in quasi-one dimensional ring crystals
The comparison of the single-particle (SP) dynamics between the whisker and
ring NbSe crystals provides new insight into the phase transition
properties in quasi-one-dimensional charge density wave (CDW) systems.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
Pump- and Probe-polarization Analyses of Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics in Organic Superconductors
We investigated photo-excited carrier relaxation dynamics in the strongly correlated organic superconductors kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Cu(NCS)(2) and kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br, using different polarizations of pump and probe pulses. Below the glasslike transition temperature (T (g)) anisotropic responses for probe polarization were observed in both compounds. Decomposing the data into anisotropic and isotropic components, we found the anisotropic component shows no pump polarization dependence, meaning that dissipative excitation process was dominant for the anisotropic carrier relaxation. This behavior indicates that the appearance of anisotropic responses can be associated with spatial symmetry breaking due to structural change of BEDT-TTF molecules
Toda Lattice Solutions of Differential-Difference Equations for Dissipative Systems
In a certain class of differential-difference equations for dissipative
systems, we show that hyperbolic tangent model is the only the nonlinear system
of equations which can admit some particular solutions of the Toda lattice. We
give one parameter family of exact solutions, which include as special cases
the Toda lattice solutions as well as the Whitham's solutions in the Newell's
model. Our solutions can be used to describe temporal-spatial density patterns
observed in the optimal velocity model for traffic flow.Comment: Latex, 13 pages, 1 figur
Simulation of an automatically-controlled STOL aircraft in a microwave landing system multipath environment
The simulated response is described of a STOL aircraft to Microwave Landing System (MLS) multipath errors during final approach and touchdown. The MLS azimuth, elevation, and DME multipath errors were computed for a relatively severe multipath environment at Crissy Field California, utilizing an MLS multipath simulation at MIT Lincoln Laboratory. A NASA/Ames six-degree-of-freedom simulation of an automatically-controlled deHavilland C-8A STOL aircraft was used to determine the response to these errors. The results show that the aircraft response to all of the Crissy Field MLS multipath errors was small. The small MLS azimuth and elevation multipath errors did not result in any discernible aircraft motion, and the aircraft response to the relatively large (200-ft (61-m) peak) DME multipath was noticeable but small
Anomalies, absence of local equilibrium and universality in 1-d particles systems
One dimensional systems are under intense investigation, both from
theoretical and experimental points of view, since they have rather peculiar
characteristics which are of both conceptual and technological interest. We
analyze the dependence of the behaviour of one dimensional, time reversal
invariant, nonequilibrium systems on the parameters defining their microscopic
dynamics. In particular, we consider chains of identical oscillators
interacting via hard core elastic collisions and harmonic potentials, driven by
boundary Nos\'e-Hoover thermostats. Their behaviour mirrors qualitatively that
of stochastically driven systems, showing that anomalous properties are typical
of physics in one dimension. Chaos, by itslef, does not lead to standard
behaviour, since it does not guarantee local thermodynamic equilibrium. A
linear relation is found between density fluctuations and temperature profiles.
This link and the temporal asymmetry of fluctuations of the main observables
are robust against modifications of thermostat parameters and against
perturbations of the dynamics.Comment: 26 pages, 16 figures, revised text, two appendices adde
Gopakumar-Vafa invariants via vanishing cycles
In this paper, we propose an ansatz for defining Gopakumar-Vafa invariants of
Calabi-Yau threefolds, using perverse sheaves of vanishing cycles. Our proposal
is a modification of a recent approach of Kiem-Li, which is itself based on
earlier ideas of Hosono-Saito-Takahashi. We conjecture that these invariants
are equivalent to other curve-counting theories such as Gromov-Witten theory
and Pandharipande-Thomas theory. Our main theorem is that, for local surfaces,
our invariants agree with PT invariants for irreducible one-cycles. We also
give a counter-example to the Kiem-Li conjectures, where our invariants match
the predicted answer. Finally, we give examples where our invariant matches the
expected answer in cases where the cycle is non-reduced, non-planar, or
non-primitive.Comment: 63 pages, many improvements of the exposition following referee
comments, final version to appear in Inventione
The Complexity of Selecting Maximal Solutions
AbstractMany important computational problems involve finding a maximal (with respect to set inclusion) solution in some combinatorial context. We study such maximality problems from the complexity point of view, and categorize their complexity precisely in terms of tight upper and lower bounds. Our results give characterizations of coNP, DP, ΠP2, FPNP||, FNP//OptP [log n] and FPΣP||2 in terms of subclasses of maximality problems. An important consequence of our results is that finding an X-minimal satisfying truth assignment for a given CNF boolean formula is complete for FNP//OptP[log n], solving an open question by Papadimitriou [Proceedings of the 32nd IEEE Symposium on the Foundations of Computer Science, 1991, pp. 163-169]
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