Biodiversidad de cicadélidos (insecta: hemiptera: auchenorrhyncha) en maíz y la maleza asociada: análisis de tres zonas agrológicas diferentes en la provincia de Tucumán, Argentina

Fil: Paradell, Susana Liria. División Entomología. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Defea, Bárbara Soledad. División Entomología. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Catalano, María Inés. División Entomología. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Rusconi, José Matías. División Entomología. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Marino de Remes Lenicov, Ana María. División Entomología. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentin

Decay resistance variability of European wood species thermally modified by industrial process

Thermal modification is now considered as a new ecofriendly industrial wood modification process improving mainly the material decay resistance and its dimensional stability. Most industrial thermal treatment processes use convection heat transfer which induces sometimes heterogeneous treatment temperature propagation within the oven and lead to the heterogeneity in treatment efficiency. Thus, it is common that treatment is not completely effective on several stack boards, in a same batch. The aim of this paper was to study the decay resistance variability of various European wood species thermally modified. Thermal modifications were performed around 240°C during 4h, on about 10 m3 of 27 x 152 x 2000 mm3 wood planks placed in an industrial oven having a volume of 20 m3, on the following wood species: spruce, ash, beech and poplar. All of the tests concerning the decay resistance were carried out in the laboratory using untreated beech and pine woods as reference materials. An agar block test was used to determine the resistance of thermally modified woods, leached beforehand according to EN 84 standard or not, to brown-rot and white-rot fungi, according to XP CEN/TS 15083-1. A large selection of treated wood samples was tested in order to estimate the variability of treatment efficiency. Thermal treatment increased the biological durability of all leached and un-leached modified wood samples, compared with native wood species. The treatment temperature of 240°C used in this study is sufficient to reach durability classes ''durable'' or ''very durable'' for the four wood species. However, the dispersion of weight loss values, due to the fungal attacks was very important and showed a large variability of the durability of wood which has been treated in a single batch. These results showed that there is a substantial need to develop process control and² indicator in order to insure that the quality of treated timber is properly evaluated with a view to putting this modified timber on the market under a chain of custody. (Résumé d'auteur

Prevención, orientación, diagnóstico y derivación sobre consumo y adicciones desde una perspectiva integral de salud en el ámbito de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata

El presente trabajo intenta ofrecer herramientas conceptuales y prácticas para el abordaje de las problemáticas vinculadas al consumo y adicción a sustancias psicoactivas en el ámbito de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. A partir de un breve paneo contextual para situarnos en las dimensiones macrosociales del tema, transitaremos por algunas definiciones clave y desarrollaremos un proyecto para la creación de un dispositivo que trabaje coordinadamente con otras áreas, para la prevención, orientación, diagnóstico y derivación de trabajadores/as docentes y Nodocentes, y en un futuro estudiantes, de la UNLP que lo necesiten. Con una perspectiva integral de salud, derechos e interdisciplinaria, promoviendo una transformación necesaria para el cuidado del capital humano de la universidad, de manera congruente con su compromiso social y el Plan Estratégico que la sostiene. Un objetivo que de alguna manera constituye un desafío de gestión, política y políticas y que interpela prácticas cotidianas de organización, comunicación y coordinación puertas adentro de la institución.Instituto de Investigaciones en Educación Superio

Educación secundaria y ciudadanía juvenil: igualdad o confusa inclusión como premisa del Estado?

El presente trabajo intenta abordar la relación entre escuela secundaria, ciudadanía1 juvenil y Estado a partir de dar cuenta de tensiones y desafíos que ella plantea en establecimientos ubicados en barrios de la ciudad de La Plata. El concepto de ciudadanía juvenil, la obligatoriedad de la escuela secundaria y la realidad que atraviesa este nivel en general y en barrios pobres en particular declama interrogantes cruciales al considerar los derechos juveniles: ¿Qué sucede con la ciudadanía en contextos donde las experiencias de aprendizaje de calidad están lejos del alcance individual? ¿Cómo es la relación Estado-Escuela-ciudadanía juvenil? Con la mirada puesta en estos interrogantes, se trabajará con encuestas, entrevistas, información institucional, de organismos gubernamentales y no gubernamentales.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Occupational Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Birth Weight and Length of Gestation: A European Meta-Analysis

BACKGROUND: Women of reproductive age can be exposed to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) at work and exposure to EDCs in pregnancy may affect fetal growth. OBJECTIVES: We assessed whether maternal occupational exposure to EDCs during pregnancy as classified by application of a job exposure matrix was associated with birth weight, term low birth weight (LBW), length of gestation, and preterm delivery. METHODS: Using individual participant data from 133,957 mother-child pairs in 13 European cohorts spanning births from 1994 to 2011, we linked maternal job titles with exposure to 10 EDC groups as assessed through a job exposure matrix. For each group, we combined the two levels of exposure categories (possible and probable) and compared birth outcomes with the unexposed group (exposure unlikely). We performed meta-analyses of cohort-specific estimates. RESULTS: Eleven percent of pregnant women were classified as exposed to EDCs at work during pregnancy based on job title. Classification of exposure to one or more EDC group was associated with an increased risk of term LBW (OR 1.25, 95%CI 1.04, 1.49), as were most specific EDC groups; this association was consistent across cohorts. Further, the risk increased with increasing number of EDC groups (OR 2.11 95%CI 1.10, 4.06 for exposure to 4 or more EDC groups). There were few associations (p < 0.05) with the other outcomes; women holding job titles classified as exposed to bisphenol A or brominated flame retardants were at higher risk for longer length of gestation. CONCLUSION: Results from our large population-based birth cohort design indicate that employment during pregnancy in occupations classified as possibly or probably exposed to EDCs was associated with an increased risk of term LBW

Soberanía popular frente a la emergencia sanitaria: la experiencia de los Comités Populares y de Crisis en la ciudad de La Plata

La presente es la primera compilación sobre temas abordados en la Comisión de Defensa de la Soberanía Nacional de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Este es el resultado de un trabajo colectivo que reúne reflexiones y propuestas de diferentes docentes, investigadores y extensionistas, cuyas tareas cotidianas construyen conocimiento desde una perspectiva soberana.Fil: Cisilino Blanco, Juan Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Rusconi, Ana. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentin

Studies on the immature stages of the planthopper Lepidelphax pistiae (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), a potential biocontrol agent for the aquatic weed Pistia stratiotes (Araceae) from Argentina

Descriptions of the immature stages of the planthopper Lepidelphax pistiae Remes Lenicov (Delphacidae), a specialist herbivore of Pistia stratiotes L.(Alismatales: Araceae) from Argentina, are provided. Newly emerged nymphs from eggs collected in the field, were reared in rearing chambers. Fifth nymphal instars may be easily recognized by the whitish coloration with a distinctive blackish antennal flagellum and ungues, and the relatively long frons and rostrum. Information is provided on nymphal behavior and the main features of the fifth nymph instar that distinguishes it from the two other delphacids that live and feed on plants from centraland northern Argentine wetlands.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Universal scaling laws for correlated decay of many-body quantum systems

Quantum systems are open, continually exchanging energy and information with the surrounding environment. This interaction leads to decoherence and decay of quantum states. In complex systems, formed by many particles, decay can become correlated and enhanced. A fundamental question then arises: what is the maximal decay rate of a large quantum system, and how does it scale with its size? In this work, we address these issues by reformulating the problem into finding the ground state energy of a generic spin Hamiltonian. Inspired by recent work in Hamiltonian complexity theory, we establish rigorous and general upper and lower bounds on the maximal decay rate. These bounds are universal, as they hold for a broad class of Markovian many-body quantum systems. For many physically-relevant systems, the bounds are asymptotically tight, resulting in exact scaling laws with system size. Specifically, for large atomic arrays in free space, these scalings depend only on the arrays' dimensionality and are insensitive to details at short length-scales. The scaling laws establish fundamental limits on the decay rates of quantum states and offer valuable insights for research in many-body quantum dynamics, metrology, and fault tolerant quantum computation

Parental Reflective Functioning correlates to brain activation in response to video-stimuli of mother–child dyads: Links to maternal trauma history and PTSD

Parental Reflective Functioning is a parent's capacity to infer mental states in herself and her child. Parental Reflective Functioning is linked to the quality of parent-child attachment and promotes parent-child mutual emotion regulation. We examined neural correlates of parental reflective functioning and their relationship to physical abuse. Participants were mothers with (n = 26) and without (n = 22) history of childhood physical abuse. Parental reflective functioning was assessed by coding transcripts of maternal narrative responses on interviews. All mothers also underwent magnetic resonance imaging while watching video clips of children during mother-child separation and play. Parental reflective functioning was significantly lower among mothers with histories of childhood physical abuse. When mothers without history of childhood physical abuse watched scenes of separation versus play, brain activation was positively correlated with parental reflective functioning in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and negatively associated with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and insula. These associations were not present when limiting analyses to mothers reporting abuse histories. Regions subserving emotion regulation and empathy were associated with parental reflective functioning; yet these regions were not featured in maltreated mothers. These data suggest that childhood physical abuse exposure may alter the psychobiology that is linked to emotional comprehension and regulation

Studies on the immature stages of the planthopper Lepidelphax pistiae (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), a potential biocontrol agent for the aquatic weed Pistia stratiotes (Araceae) from Argentina

Descriptions of the immature stages of the planthopper Lepidelphax pistiae Remes Lenicov (Delphacidae), a specialist herbivore of Pistia stratiotes L.(Alismatales: Araceae) from Argentina, are provided. Newly emerged nymphs from eggs collected in the field, were reared in rearing chambers. Fifth nymphal instars may be easily recognized by the whitish coloration with a distinctive blackish antennal flagellum and ungues, and the relatively long frons and rostrum. Information is provided on nymphal behavior and the main features of the fifth nymph instar that distinguishes it from the two other delphacids that live and feed on plants from centraland northern Argentine wetlands.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse