Just wrong? Or just WEIRD? Investigating the prevalence of moral dumbfounding in non‑Western samples

Moral dumbfounding occurs when people maintain a moral judgment even though they cannot provide a reason for this  judgment. Dumbfounded responding may include admitting to not having reasons, or the use of unsupported declarations  (“It’s just wrong”) as justifcation for a judgment. Published evidence for dumbfounding has drawn exclusively on samples  of WEIRD backgrounds (Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic), and it remains unclear to what extent the  phenomenon is generalizable to other populations. Furthermore, the theoretical implications of moral dumbfounding have  been disputed in recent years. In three studies we apply a standardized moral dumbfounding task, and show evidence for  moral dumbfounding in a Chinese sample (Study 1, N = 165), an Indian sample (Study 2, N = 181), and a mixed sample  primarily (but not exclusively) from North Africa and the Middle East (MENA region, Study 3, N = 264). These fndings  are consistent with a categorization theories of moral judgment. </p

Presentation_1_SnO2/Graphene Nanoplatelet Nanocomposites: Solid-State Method Synthesis With High Ethanol Gas-Sensing Performance.PDF

The full text of this article can be freely accessed on the publisher's website

Data_Sheet_1_Outcome and risk factors of complications after cranioplasty with polyetheretherketone and titanium mesh: A single-center retrospective study.pdf

BackgroundTo compare the incidence of complications and constructive effects of cranioplasty with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and titanium mesh after decompressive craniectomy, and to further explore potential risk factors of postoperative and post-discharge complications.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 211 patients who underwent PEEK or titanium mesh cranioplasty in the Department of Neurosurgery of Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, between July 2017 and September 2021. Demographic data, imaging data, and postoperative complications were recorded and statistically analyzed. Long-term effects and satisfaction degree were evaluated based on following-up telephone survey. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze risk factors of postoperative and post-discharge complications of PEEK and titanium cranioplasty.ResultsThe total postoperative complication rates of the PEEK and titanium mesh groups were 38.7 and 51.4% (p = 0.063), and post-discharge complication rates were 34.7 and 36.0% (p = 0.703), respectively. The incidence of pneumocephalus during hospitalization (33.3% vs. 6.6%, p ConclusionThere were no differences in overall postoperative and post-discharge complication rates between the titanium mesh and PEEK. A history of VPS before cranioplasty was an independent risk factor for postoperative overall complications, and infection was a risk factor for implant failure. Finally, depression skull defects and titanium mesh implants increased the incidence of postoperative pneumocephalus. Our results aim to promote a better understanding of PEEK and titanium cranioplasty and to help both clinicians and patients make better choices on implant materials.</p

A Lanthanide Complex-Based Ratiometric Luminescence Probe for Time-Gated Luminescence Detection of Intracellular Thiols

A lanthanide complex-based ratiometric luminescence probe, [4′-(2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyloxy)-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine-6,6′′-diyl] bis­(methylenenitrilo) tetrakis­(acetate)-Eu³⁺/Tb³⁺ (NSTTA-Eu³⁺/Tb³⁺), has been designed and synthesized for the specific recognition and time-gated luminescence detection of biothiols in physiological pH aqueous media. The probe itself is almost nonluminescent due to the presence of photoinduced electron transfer (PET) from the terpyridine-Ln³⁺ moiety to the 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl (DNBS) moiety. In the presence of biothiols, the reaction of NSTTA-Eu³⁺/Tb³⁺ with biothiols results in the cleavage of DNBS to afford the deprotonated (4′-hydroxy-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine-6,6′′-diyl) bis­(methylenenitrilo) tetrakis­(acetate)-Eu³⁺/Tb³⁺ (HTTA-Eu³⁺/Tb³⁺), which terminates the PET process. After the reaction, the intensity of Eu³⁺ emission at 610 nm is unchanged, while that of Tb³⁺ emission at 540 nm is remarkably increased, which provides a ∼36-fold enhanced intensity ratio of Tb³⁺ emission to Eu³⁺ emission (<i>I</i>₅₄₀/<i>I</i>₆₁₀). This unique luminescence response allows NSTTA-Eu³⁺/Tb³⁺ to be used as a ratiometric probe for the time-gated luminescence detection of biothiols, using the intensity ratio of <i>I</i>₅₄₀/<i>I</i>₆₁₀ as a signal. Thus, based on the probe NSTTA-Eu³⁺/Tb³⁺, a ratiometric time-gated luminescence detection method for biothiols was established and successfully used for the quantitative detection of the total biothiols in several living cell samples

Lanthanide Complex-Based Luminescent Probes for Highly Sensitive Time-Gated Luminescence Detection of Hypochlorous Acid

Two novel lanthanide complex-based luminescent probes, ANMTTA-Eu³⁺ and ANMTTA-Tb³⁺ {ANMTTA, [4′-(4-amino-3-nitrophenoxy)­methylene-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine-6,6″-diyl] bis­(methylenenitrilo) tetrakis­(acetic acid)}, have been designed and synthesized for the highly sensitive and selective time-gated luminescence detection of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in aqueous media. The probes are almost nonluminescent due to the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process from the 4-amino-3-nitrophenyl moiety to the terpyridine-Ln³⁺ moiety, which quenches the lanthanide luminescence effectively. Upon reaction with HOCl, the 4-amino-3-nitrophenyl moiety is rapidly cleaved from the probe complexes, which affords strongly luminescent lanthanide complexes HTTA-Eu³⁺ and HTTA-Tb³⁺ {HTTA, (4′-hydroxymethyl-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine-6,6″-diyl) bis­(methylenenitrilo) tetrakis­(acetic acid)}, accompanied by the remarkable luminescence enhancements. The dose-dependent luminescence enhancements show good linearity with detection limits of 1.3 nM and 0.64 nM for HOCl with ANMTTA-Eu³⁺ and ANMTTA-Tb³⁺, respectively. In addition, the luminescence responses of ANMTTA-Eu³⁺ and ANMTTA-Tb³⁺ to HOCl are pH-independent with excellent selectivity to distinguish HOCl from other reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). The ANMTTA-Ln³⁺-loaded HeLa and RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were prepared, and then the exogenous HOCl in HeLa cells and endogenous HOCl in macrophage cells were successfully imaged with time-gated luminescence mode. The results demonstrated the practical applicability of the probes for the cell imaging application

Development of a Ruthenium(II) Complex-Based Luminescent Probe for Hypochlorous Acid in Living Cells

A novel Ru­(II) complex, [Ru­(bpy)₂(DNPS-bpy)]­(PF₆)₂ (bpy: 2,2′-bipyridine, DNPS-bpy: 4-(2,4-dinitrophenylthio)­methylene-4′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridine), has been designed and synthesized as a highly sensitive and selective luminescence probe for the recognition and detection of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in living cells by exploiting a “signaling moiety-recognition linker-quencher” sandwich approach. The complex possesses large stokes shift (170 nm), long emission wavelength (626 nm), and low cytotoxicity. Owing to the effective photoinduced electron transfer (PET) from Ru­(II) center to the electron acceptor, 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP), the red-emission of bipyridine-Ru­(II) complex was completely withheld. In aqueous media, HOCl can trigger an oxidation reaction to cleave the DNP moiety from the Ru­(II) complex, which results in the formation of a highly luminescent bipyridine-Ru­(II) complex derivative, [Ru­(bpy)₂(COOH-bpy)]­(PF₆)₂ (COOH-bpy: 4′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridyl-4-carboxylic acid), accompanied by a 190-fold luminescence enhancement. Cell imaging experimental results demonstrated that [Ru­(bpy)₂(DNPS-bpy)]­(PF₆)₂ is membrane permeable, and can be applied for capturing and visualizing the exogenous/endogenous HOCl molecules in living cell samples. The development of this Ru­(II) complex probe not only provides a useful tool for monitoring HOCl in living systems, but also strengthens the application of transition metal complex-based luminescent probes for bioimaging

Developing Red-Emissive Ruthenium(II) Complex-Based Luminescent Probes for Cellular Imaging

Ruthenium­(II) complexes have rich photophysical attributes, which enable novel design of responsive luminescence probes to selectively quantify biochemical analytes. In this work, we developed a systematic series of Ru­(II)-bipyrindine complex derivatives, [Ru­(bpy)_3‑<i>n</i>(DNP-bpy)_<i>n</i>]­(PF₆)₂ (<i>n</i> = 1, 2, 3; bpy, 2,2′-bipyridine; DNP-bpy, 4-(4-(2,4-dinitrophenoxy)­phenyl)-2,2′-bipyridine), as luminescent probes for highly selective and sensitive detection of thiophenol in aqueous solutions. The specific reaction between the probes and thiophenol triggers the cleavage of the electron acceptor group, 2,4-dinitrophenyl, eliminating the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process, so that the luminescence of on-state complexes, [Ru­(bpy)_3‑<i>n</i>(HP-bpy)_<i>n</i>]²⁺ (<i>n</i> = 1, 2, 3; HP-bpy, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2′-bipyridine), is turned on. We found that the complex [Ru­(bpy)­(DNP-bpy)₂]²⁺ remarkably enhanced the on-to-off contrast ratio compared to the other two (37.8 compared to 21 and 18.7). This reveals a new strategy to obtain the best Ru­(II) complex luminescence probe via the most asymmetric structure. Moreover, we demonstrated the practical utility of the complex as a cell-membrane permeable probe for quantitative luminescence imaging of the dynamic intracellular process of thiophenol in living cells. The results suggest that the new probe could be a very useful tool for luminescence imaging analysis of the toxic thiophenol in intact cells

Facile Assembly of Functional Upconversion Nanoparticles for Targeted Cancer Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy

The treatment depth of existing photodynamic therapy (PDT) is limited because of the absorption of visible excitation light in biological tissue. It can be augmented by means of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) transforming deep-penetrating near-infrared (NIR) light to visible light, exciting PDT drugs. We report here a facile strategy to assemble such PDT nanocomposites functionalized for cancer targeting, based on coating of the UCNPs with a silica layer encapsulating the Rose Bengal photosensitizer and bioconjugation to antibodies through a bifunctional fusion protein consisting of a solid-binding peptide linker genetically fused to <i>Streptococcus</i> Protein G′. The fusion protein (Linker-Protein G) mediates the functionalization of silica-coated UCNPs with cancer cell antibodies, allowing for specific target recognition and delivery. The resulting nanocomposites were shown to target cancer cells specifically, generate intracellular reactive oxygen species under 980 nm excitation, and induce NIR-triggered phototoxicity to suppress cancer cell growth in vitro

Identification of novel <i>LEF1</i> mutations in ALL patients.

<p>A. Schematic structure of the <i>LEF1</i> gene. B-C.Point mutations of <i>LEF1</i> in exon 2 (B) and exon 3 (C).</p

Correlation of <i>LEF1</i> high expression with clinical features in adult ALL.

<p>A-C. Association of <i>LEF1</i> expression with CD34+, BCR-ABL + and complex karyotype (A), Splenomegaly and lymph node enlargement (B) and relapse rates (C) in B-ALL. * <i>P</i><0.05; **<i>P</i><0.01.</p