Cascade Radical 1,6-Addition/Cyclization of <i>para</i>-Quinone Methides: Leading to Spiro[4.5]deca-6,9-dien-8-ones

A cascade three-component iodoazidation of <i>para</i>-quinone methides to construct spiro[4.5]­deca-6,9-dien-8-ones under mild conditions has been developed. The chemoselective 1,6-addition of azide radical triggered a regioselective 5-exo-dig cyclization/radical coupling sequence, enabling C–N, C–C, and C–I bond formations in a one-pot procedure with high efficiency

Total Synthesis of (+)-Chimonanthine, (+)-Folicanthine, and (−)-Calycanthine

Facile, straightforward, and asymmetric total syntheses of (+)-chimonanthine (<b>1</b>), (+)-folicanthine (<b>2</b>), and (−)-calycanthine (<b>3</b>) were accomplished in four to five steps from commercially available tryptamine. The synthesis features copper-mediated asymmetric cyclodimerization of chiral tryptamine derivative, which established a new entry into constructing the sterically hindered vicinal quaternary stereogenic carbon centers of dimeric hexahydropyrroloindole alkaloids in one procedure. An unprecedented base-induced isomerization from the chimonanthine skeleton to the calycanthine skeleton was observed and facilitated the synthesis of (−)-calycanthine (<b>3</b>)

Silver-Catalyzed Cascade 1,6-Addition/Cyclization of <i>para</i>-Quinone Methides with Propargyl Malonates: An Approach to Spiro[4.5]deca-6,9-dien-8-ones

An unprecedented silver-catalyzed cascade 1,6-addition/5-<i>exo</i>-<i>dig</i> cyclization reaction between <i>para</i>-quinone methides and propargyl malonates under mild reaction conditions has been described. This reaction provides an efficient method to construct versatile spiro[4.5]­cyclohexadienones in moderate to excellent yields with high atom economy and scalability

CsB_<i>x</i>Ge_6–<i>x</i>O₁₂ (<i>x</i> = 1): A Zeolite Sodalite-Type Borogermanate with a High Ge/B Ratio by Partial Boron Substitution

The partial replacement of Ge atoms in tetrahedral positions by a small number of B atoms leads to a new microporous borogermanate, CsB_<i>x</i>Ge_6–<i>x</i>O₁₂ (<i>x</i> = 1), under solvothermal conditions. Its framework shows the highest atomic ratios of Ge/B in reported borogermanates and leads to a new type of zeolite sodalite-type net

Effects of Early Blood Pressure Lowering on Early and Long-Term Outcomes after Acute Stroke: An Updated Meta-Analysis

<div><p>Background</p><p>Hypertension is common after acute stroke onset. Previous studies showed controversial effects of early blood pressure (BP) lowering on stroke outcomes. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of early BP lowering on early and long-term outcomes after acute stroke.</p><p>Methods</p><p>A meta-analysis was conducted with prospective randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of early BP lowering on early and long-term outcomes after acute stroke compared with placebo. Literature searching was performed in the databases from inception to December 2013. New evidence from recent trials were included. Outcomes were analyzed as early (within 30 days) and long-term (from 3 to 12 months) endpoints using summary estimates of relative risks (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) with the fixed-effect model or random-effect model.</p><p>Results</p><p>Seventeen trials providing data from 13236 patients were included. Pooled results showed that early BP lowering after acute stroke onset was associated with more death within 30 days compared with placebo (RR: 1.34 and 95% CI: 1.02, 1.74, <i>p</i> = 0.03). However the results showed that early BP lowering had no evident effect on early neurological deterioration, early death within 7 days, long-term death, early and long-term dependency, early and long-term combination of death or dependency, long-term stroke recurrence, long-term myocardial infarction and long-term CVE.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>The new results lend no support to early BP lowering after acute stroke. Early BP lowering may increase death within 30 days after acute stroke.</p></div

Gene expression of key genes in GA pathway responsible for flowering.

<p>Col in sterile culture was chosen for gene expression. The samples were harvested at 8, 10, 11, 12 and 13 DAI for RT-qPCR. Bars represent SEs of three technical repeats. Experiments were repeated independent for three times with similar results and one representative result was showed.</p

Gene expression of key genes in photoperiod pathway responsible for flowering.

<p>Col in sterile culture was chosen for gene expression. The samples were harvested 8, 10, 11, 12 and 13 DAI for RT-qPCR. Bars represent SEs of three technical repeates. Experiments were repeated independent for three times with similar results and one representative result was showed.</p

Early and long-term dependency, the combination of death or dependency after acute stroke.

<p>The figure shows meta-analysis of early BP lowering on early dependency (A.), early death or dependency (B.), long-term dependency from 3 to 12 months (C.) and long-term death or dependency from 3 to 12 months (D.) after acute stroke. Risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated event rates of intervention (BP lowering) compared with control (placebo). Overall effects were tested by Z tests and the heterogeneity of between-studies was tested by χ² test and measured as the value of <i>I²</i>.</p

Influence of <i>P</i>. <i>indica</i> on flowering of <i>Arabidopsis</i> and silique numbers grown in soil.

<p>(A) Picture of 5-week-old <i>Arabidopsis</i> (4 ecotypes) plants with (+P, right) or without (-P, left) <i>P</i>. <i>indica</i> inoculation. (B) Days until flowering. (C) Silique number of <i>P</i>. <i>indica</i>-colonized and non-colonized plants. Experiments were repeated independent for four times with similar results. “*” indicates significant difference (p<0.05) according to Student’s <i>t</i>-test.</p

Gene expression of key genes in the autonomous and age pathways responsible for flowering.

<p>Col in sterile culture was chosen for gene expression analyses. The samples were harvested at 8 DAI, 10 DAI, 11 DAI, 12 DAI, and 13 DAI for RT-qPCR. Bars represent SEs of three technical repeats. Experiments were repeated independent for three times with similar results and one representative result was showed.</p