The Increase in Effectiveness of Broccoli Waste as Bio-Fumigant to Control Ralstonia Solanacearum on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

The use of synthetic bactericide can cause the death of natural enemies and pathogenic resistance. Innovation is needed to replace methyl bromide solution. Research to find biofumigan compounds as an alternative to methyl bromide is considered essential. Waste broccoli biofumigan known as a source because it contains glucosinolates (GSL). If out of the plant tissue, the GSL will be hydrolyzed to compounds that are toxic to pests and pathogens. The research aimed to obtain optimum dose for broccoli waste to control the attack of Ralstonia solanacearum disease and increase tomato yield. Research was conducted at Screen House of Faculty of Agriculture of Islamic University of Malang on February - June 2014. The research was conducted experimentally using completely randomized block design with three replications. Research result indicated that the application of broccoli waste of 400 g per 5 kg of soil has able to extend the incubation period to 11 days, decrease disease incidence of 86.18%, decrease the population of Ralstonia solanacearum 75.45%, and increase plant yield of 129.29% and number of plant fruit of 13.87%. Keywords: effectiveness, plant waste, bio-fumigant, control, Ralstonia solanacearu

Structural performance of 1 way and 2 way setback with the soft first story using ddbd

Irregular building structures increasingly varied, such as setback buildings and buildings with soft level stiffness irregularity on the first floor of the building (soft first story). High-rise buildings are at risk of collapse due to earthquakes. Designing efficiency requires a Direct Displacement Based Design (DDBD) method. In this study, the DDBD method uses pushover analysis on soft first-story buildings without a setback,1-way setback, and 2-way setback. This study aims to obtain the value software's value of displacement, story drift, ductility, plastic hinge response, and performance levels study indicates that the displacement value of the soft first-story building without setback is smaller than the setback building. In addition, the value of displacement and story drift in the setback building with a soft first story is influenced by the small setback area ratio. The highest displacement and story drift values in the X direction are 1-way setback buildings, which are 0.422 m and 0.0147 m, while in the Y-direction, the 2-way setback buildings are 0.44 m and 0.0167 m. The most significant value of actual ductility is a building without setbacks with a soft first-story. The plastic hinge response in all three buildings shows a strong column weak beam. The level of structural performance in all three buildings is at the level of Immediate Occupancy, where the value of the performance level of the FEMA 356 method is greater than the ATC 40 method

Pembandingan Perancangan Bangunan Tahan Gempa Menggunakan SNI 1726:2012 Dan SNI 1726:2019

Indonesia has a code for designing a seismic-resistant building, which has always improved year after year. Start from Peraturan Perencanaan Tahan Gempa Indonesia Untuk Gedung (PPTI-UG) 1983, SNI 1726:2002, SNI 1726:2012, and the latest one is SNI 1726:2019. SNI 1726:2019 experienced some renewal on designing a seismic-resistant building. This research aims to compare spectrum response design and the structural behavior between seismic-resistant building design using SNI 1726:2012 and SNI 1726:2019. The reviewed structure behaviors are base shear force (V), drift (δmax), and story drift (Δ). The study compares the detail of the structural components as well as using SNI 2847:2013 and SNI 2847:2019. The research uses a 10-story building modeling that serves as an apartment building and located in the city of Banda Aceh. Seismic analysis using a spectrum response analysis with Special Moment Resisting Frame (SMRF) structure. The result showed that the peak acceleration (Sa) for the class sites of Medium Land (SD) and Hard Land (SC) were 11% and 26%, respectively, while for Soft Land (SE), there was no increase. The shear force in SNI 1726: 2019 has increased by 19.75% for the X direction and 19.97% for the Y direction. The increase in the shear force is directly proportional to the increase in drift and story drift. In the beam detailing and beam-column connection, there were no significant changes. While in the column detailing, there are additional provisions that cause the transverse reinforcement to be tighter

Pertumbuhan, Hasil dan Translokasi Timbal (Pb) pada Tanaman Kangkung (Ipomea reptans) dan Bayam (Amaranthus tricolor L.) Dengan Penambahan Pupuk ZA Berbeda Dosis

Lead (Pb) is the heavy metal that causes the most pollution in the environment. This study was conducted to compare the ability of water spinach and spinach plants to absorb lead due to the administration of various doses of ZA as a heavy metal suppressor on polluted land. This research is a pot experiment using a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors. The first factor is the type of plant (Kangkung and Spinach). The second factor was the dose of ZA fertilizer  (0; 1.19; 2.38 3.57; 4.76 g / pot). The variables observed included growth, plant yield, and Pb concentration in plants. The results showed that the growth of kale plants increased with the increasing dose of ZA application up to 2.38 g / pot. Increasing the dose gave an insignificant increase in growth (P <0.05), likewise in spinach plants. However, higher doses caused a significant reduction in the number of spinach leaves (P <0.05). The fresh weight of kale roots and shoots significantly increased by an average of 50.74% and 36.57% compared to the control. While the spinach plant experienced an increase in the average root and shoot fresh weight significantly by 50.76% and 53.10% compared to the control. Water spinach plants accumulated more Pb in the crown with an average Translocation Factor (TF) value of 1.09. Meanwhile, spinach plants accumulated more Pb in their roots with an average TF value of 0.75. These results suggest that the application of ZA increases the Pb uptake of plant hyperaccumulators from vegetables. However, spinach is safer to eat because heavy metals are accumulated in the roots. Keywords: Phyitoremediation, Lead, water spinach, spinach, ZA, Translocation

EFEK PEMBERIAN MONOSODIUM GLUTAMAT (MSG) DALAM PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN PAKCOY (Brassica rapa L.)

Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) is one of the most widely cultivated horticultural plants and is characterized by wider, thicker, and greener stems and leaves than ordinary mustard greens. This study aims to determine the effect of different doses of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on the growth and yield of pakcoy plants. The design used was a simple randomized block design (RAK) consisting of five treatments of MSG doses including P0 (0 g/plant), P1 (5 g/plant), P2 (10 g/plant), P3 (15 g/plant). ), P4 (20 g/plant). The results showed that the administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) had a significant effect on the growth and yield of pakcoy plants. P2 treatment (10 g/plant) was the best treatment with a plant height of 20.73 cm and produced an economical fresh weight of 183.69 g/plant.Keywords : Pakcoy, Monosodium Glutamate (MSG), Growth, Yield

Pertumbuhan dan Kualitas Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Varietas Medians pada Berbagai Dosis Pemberian Pupuk Nitrogen

Pertumbuhan, hasil dan kualitas kentang sangat dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan unsur hara di dalam tanah. Nitrogen (N) adalah nutrisi tanaman yang sangat dinamis, sehingga aplikasinya merupakan tantangan dalam budidaya kentang olahan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan dosis pupuk nitrogen yang mampu menghasilkan umbi dengan  hasil tinggi dan memiliki kadar pati yang tinggi. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimen di lahan petani Desa Sumberejo – Batu pada ketinggian 690 m dari permukaan laut. Empat perlakuan dosis pemupukan nitrogen diterapkan , yaitu: dosis 40, 80, 120, 160 N kg ha-1. Setiap perlakuan dalam  diulang enam kali.  Sumber pupuk nitrogen yang digunakan berasal dari ZA. Pemberian pupuk ZA dilakukan 2 kali, yaitu: bersamaan waktu tanam dan 35 hari setelah tanam. Dalam percobaan ini menggunakan varietas Medians. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum dengan meningkatnya dosis pupuk N maka tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun dan klorofil total akan meningkat, meskipun antara dosis 120 dan 160 N kg ha-1 tidak berbeda nyata. Meningkatnya pemberian pupuk N menyebabkan kadar air umbi semakin berkurang dan bobot kering umbi meningkat. Pemberian pupuk nitrogen dosis 115 kg ha-1 merupakan dosis optimal untuk menghasilkan umbi konsumsi dan kadar pati umbi yang maksimal. Hasil umbi konsumsi yang diperoleh sebesar 33.82 ton ha-1 dan kadar pati 16.33%

THE EFFECT OF WATERING INTERVAL ON GROWTH AND RESULT OF TWO VARIETIES OF Glutinous Rice (Oryza Sativa L. Var. Glutinosa)

National sticky rice consumption during the last five years (2014-2018) tends to increase by 19.10% per year (BPS, 2018). Rice irrigation water management is very important to maximize the development of rice cultivation technology, especially to improve water use efficiency. This study aims to determine the effect of water application intervals on the growth and yield of several varieties of glutinous rice (Oryza sativa L. Var. Glutinosa). This research was carried out in March - July 2021 at the Green house of the Faculty of Agriculture in this location, which is located at an altitude of 550 meters above sea level with an average temperature of 270C-300C. The experiment used a factorial randomized block design (RAK) consisting of 2 factors. The first factor: interval of water supply consisting of 3 levels I0 (watered every day), I1 (watered every 6 days), I2 (watered every 12 days). The second factor is plant variety which consists of 2 levels: V1 = Siem variety (white), V2 = Payaman variety (black). The results data were tested with the BNT test (Least Significant Difference) at 5% level. Based on the ANOVA results, there was no significant interaction with plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers and leaf area. In each treatment, the best growth rate and yield between watering intervals and two varieties of glutinous rice (Oryza sativa L. Var. Glutinosa) were not foun

EFEK APLIKASI BAHAN ORGANIK DAN KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK DAUN KELOR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, HASIL DAN KUALITAS PAKCOY (Brassica rapa L.).

This study aims: to determine the effect of the interaction of organic matter application and concentration of Moringa leaf extract on the growth, yield and quality of pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.). The study was conducted from May 2022 to June 2022 at the Green House of the Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic University of Malang, at an altitude of ± 500 meters above sea level, with a temperature of 23oC - 29oC. Quality analysis was conducted at the Integrated Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic University of Malang. Factorial Randomized Block Design Research with 2 factors. Factor 1 is organic matter (O) 2 levels, O0 (without organic matter), O1 (with organic matter). Factor 2, namely Moringa leaf extract (K) 4 levels, K0 (without Moringa leaf extract), K1 (2 ml/liter of water), K2 (4 ml/liter of water), K3 (6 ml/liter of water), there were 8 treatment combinations and 3 replications. The results showed that there was no significant interaction with the combination treatment of organic matter and Moringa leaf extract. O1 treatment showed better results on the variables of plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight consumption and chlorophyll. Treatment K, had no significant effect on all parameters. Further research needs to be done with higher concentrations of Moringa leaf extract to determine growth, yield and quality. It is necessary to analyze the content of organic matter prior to the study.Key words : Mustard Pakcoy, Organic Matter, Concentration of Moringa Leaf Extract

Factors Affecting the Farmer’s Response to the Development of Soybean Farming in East Java Indonesia

The research was conducted to find out (1) factors influencing farmer\u27s decision to cultivate soybean, and (2)the opportunity level of farmer response to soybean farming in Jember and Sampang. Research location was determined through purposive method and sampling conducted through simple random sampling method. Data analysis method used was logit regression model where the dependent variable (Y) was dummy variable with value of 1 (response) and 0 (non-response). Research result found G value of 130.198 (p-value = 0.0001) indicating that logistic regression model, as a whole, could explain farmers\u27 decision in their response to soybean farming. Factors influencing farmers\u27 response to soybean farming were acreage, education, income, and area status