Funding By Political Grouping

<p>Current member states are all member states as of May 1, 2004. Accession countries are those member states which joined the EU in May 2004, or which are considered “applicant states”. EFTA countries include Iceland and Norway. Associate state is Israel.</p

Direct Cancer Research Spending by Type of Funding Organisation

<p>Direct Cancer Research Spending by Type of Funding Organisation</p

Direct Cancer Research Spending by Country, including European Commission and Trans-European Organisations

<p>Direct Cancer Research Spending by Country, including European Commission and Trans-European Organisations</p

Percentage Spending by CSO: EU versus US

<p>The relative sizes of the two pie charts are proportional to the sizes of the two budgets.</p

Comparison of Direct Cancer Research Spending between EU-15 Only and the US, as a Percentage of GDP and as Spending per Capita

<p>Comparison of Direct Cancer Research Spending between EU-15 Only and the US, as a Percentage of GDP and as Spending per Capita</p

UK cancer care: a watershed moment and the need for urgent intervention

In November, 2022, NHS England reported the worst ever waiting times for cancer treatment (figure 1).1, 2 In the past 12 months, 69 000 patients in the UK have waited longer than the recommended 62-day wait from suspected cancer referral to start of treatment (twice as many than in 2017–18), with 13% of patients with cancer in England waiting more than 104 days in September, 2022—double the advised maximum waiting time.3 Waiting times for cancer treatment have been steadily deteriorating since 2013, but this deterioration has been exacerbated since the COVID-19 pandemic. Across all three major modalities of cure—surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic therapy—a 4-week delay in treatment increases mortality by between 6% and 13% for solid cancers, with further increases if the delay is longer.4 Communities with the largest cancer burden and suffering the strongest effects of COVID-19 are often also the communities with the least access to timely cancer care, further exacerbating the differences in cancer care throughout the UK. Despite the stated commitment of the UK Government to so-called levelling up, health inequalities in the UK continue to widen...</p

Reported and predicted breast cancer deaths in the HIP trial^*.

<p>Reported and predicted breast cancer deaths in the HIP trial^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0154113#t003fn003" target="_blank">*</a>}.</p

Reported and predicted risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) death in the PLCO trial^*.

<p>Reported and predicted risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) death in the PLCO trial^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0154113#t002fn002" target="_blank">*</a>}.</p

Computations of predicted numbers of breast cancer deaths in the Two-County trial.

<p>Computations of predicted numbers of breast cancer deaths in the Two-County trial.</p

Typical results of randomised trials testing the efficacy of interventions aiming at reducing the risk of cancer death.

<p>Typical results of randomised trials testing the efficacy of interventions aiming at reducing the risk of cancer death.</p