Mining legacy of Douro Coal Basin: remains of a system under process

A identificação do legado mineiro da Bacia Carbonífera do Douro levanta questões face aos paradigmas de reconhecimento patrimonial e da intervenção sobre as marcas de uma actividade económica estritamente ligada ao território que transforma e que hoje nos chegam. No território transformado pelo Sistema Carbonífero do Douro (SCD) o actual enquadramento patrimonial identifica “fragmentos” que não permitem a sua leitura como integrante de um sistema sociotécnico. Como alternativa, é apresentado um entendimento de como o Sistema se vai territorializando, sedimentando uma “paisagem antropogeográfica”. De um exclusivo reconhecimento das “construções resistentes” hoje existentes, propomos a identificação do conjunto de relações temporal e espacialmente transversais que, assumindo formas distintas em função do contexto integrado, foram determinando as morfologias do SCD, imputando-lhes a dimensão identitária inerente a um sistema produtivo motor de aculturação, possibilitando ler o Sistema como tal. Face à capacidade de representação dos valores que estabelecem vínculos entre o presente e o passado sobre a qual deverá incidir a condição patrimonial, identifica-se neste conjunto de relações as regras para a transformação futura do território que o SCD moldou, procurando-se veicular um entendimento prospectivo de património, então potenciador de uma requalificação territorial integrada e dotada de significado.The recognition of the mining legacy of Douro Coal Basin raises issues regarding the paradigms of heritage recognition and of intervention on the present marks of an economic activity strictly linked to the territory, so transformed by it. In the territory transformed by the Carboniferous System of Douro (SCD) the current heritage context identifies only “fragments”, which don’t allow their understanding as an integrated part of a sociotechnical system. As an alternative, it is proposed the understanding of how the SCD was being territorialized and settling an “anthropogeographic landscape”. This paper identifies temporal and spatial correlations that supported SCD territorialisation. These correlations assumed distinct forms according to the surrounding context and determined SCD morphologies, attributing to them the identity inherent to a productive system that enhanced acculturation and allowing its perception as a system. The evaluation of heritage condition and future interventions should consider values and needs that result from the links between present and past. Under this assumption, a group of intervention principles for the transformation of the SCD territory are identified. The goal is to move closer to a prospective understanding of heritage, enabling an integrated and meaningful territory requalification.Peer Reviewe

Vancomycin use in a brazilian teaching hospital: comparison with the Hospital Infection Controlpractices Advisory Committee Guidelines (HICPAC)

This study describes vancomycin prescribing patterns in an average complexity hospital and compare the guidelines proposed by the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). The study was conducted in a 256-bed secondary-care hospital. Data were collected of all patients given vancomycin from March 2003 to February 2004, using a standardized chart-extraction form designed. Appropriate and inappropriate use was reviewed according to the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) guidelines on prudent vancomycin use. Out of 118 prescriptions, 95 (80.5%) were considered appropriate. Out of these 95 orders, 77 (81.1%) were administered for empiric treatment of suspected Gram-positive infections, 17 (17.9%) were administered for treatment of proven Gram-positive infections (76.5% identified as Staphyloccocus aureus-like agents) and 1 (1.0%) for beta-lactam allergy. The majority of the patients (96.6%) had recently used an antimicrobial medication (3 months). The mean pre-treatment hospitalization period was 11±10 days. Out of the 118 treatments, 67 (56.8%) were for nosocomial infections. The more frequent indications for vancomycin use were pneumonia (48.3%) and primary sepsis (18.6%), accounting for more than 66% of all treatments. No restriction policy was suggested because vancomycin use was considered adequate in the majority of the treatment cases. The broad empiric use of this antimicrobial was greater than expected in the institution and its use should be revised.University of São Paulo (USP) - University Hospita

Ambivalence and innovative moments in grief psychotherapy: the cases of Emily and Rose

Several studies have suggested that the process of narrative change in psychotherapy occurs through the emergence and expansion of moments of novelty, known as innovative moments (IMs), that allow changes in the problematic self-narrative responsible for the client’s suffering. However, as these IMs challenge typical (and problematic) ways of acting, feeling, and thinking, they may also generate discrepancy or uncertainty. Clients may reduce uncertainty by returning to the problematic self-narrative immediately after the emergence of an IM, thus ensuring the homeostasis of the previous meaning system. This cyclical movement is a form of ambivalence, which can maintain problematic stability across therapy and lead to therapeutic failure. In this study, we identified return to the problem markers (RPMs), which are empirical indicators of the ambivalence process, for all IMs in two cases of constructivist grief psychotherapy. Both cases evidenced a high percentage of IMs with RPMs, and the evolution of IMs and RPMs along treatment was significantly correlated. We suggest that stability of the ambivalence process in grief psychotherapy may represent a form of self-protection from the anxiety or guilt of releasing pain as a disconnection from the deceased

Mudanças no self de carreira em estudantes universitários

Apresenta-se um estudo que tem como objectivo avaliar as mudanças no self de carreira de estudantes universitários do início para o final do último ano de graduação. Para tal recorreu-se a um estudo de medidas repetidas dos índices de uma Grelha de Repertório da Carreira (GRC), desenvolvido para este propósito. Esta grelha avalia a relação estabelecida pelos estudantes entre construtos vocacionais, aspectos do self e figuras determinantes da construção da sua identidade. Do estudo participaram 80 estudantes de graduação da Universidade do Minho, no noroeste de Portugal, inscritos pela primeira vez no último ano do curso de licenciatura, dos quais 49 são mulheres (61,25%) e 31 são homens (38,75%), com idades compreendidas entre os 21 e os 45 anos (M=23,9, DP=4,31). Os resultados evidenciam variações intraindividuais, na flexibilidade cognitiva e definição do self de carreira, inferiores no segundo momento de avaliação.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

Um Estudo sobre a Ludoterapia nas Dificuldades de Aprendizagem: estudo de caso

O objectivo deste estudo centra-se na análise reflexiva da importância do papel da técnica de Ludoterapia no apaziguamento das Dificuldades de Aprendizagem de uma criança. Para tal, debruçamo-nos num estudo de caso de uma criança de seis anos de idade, no qual, metodologicamente, é aplicada uma bateria de instrumentos em dois momentos distintos. Foram realizadas, no total, 25 sessões de Ludoterapia e de apoio psicopedagógico. A bateria de testes é composta pelas provas Bar-Ilan, Escala de Inteligência de Wechsler para a Idade Pré-Escolar e Primária e pela Bateria de Provas Fonológicas. Ao fim de 25 sessões de Ludoterapia, no segundo momento de avaliação verificou-se um desenvolvimento cognitivo adequado para a sua idade, ao contrário dos resultados do primeiro momento de avaliação

Ambivalence in grief therapy: the interplay between change and self-stability

This article explores the role of ambivalence in grief therapy within a narrative framework. From this perspective, change starts with the occurrence of innovative moments, which can be nullified by reaffirmation of the problematic self-narrative as a sign of ambivalence. This study analyzed ambivalence in six complicated grief cases using the “Return to the Problem Coding System.” Markers of ambivalence emerged in all cases, with a decreasing profile in cases with greater symptomatic improvement, suggesting an association between clinical change and ambivalence evolution in therapy. Addressing ambivalence may bring to light important aspects of client’s selfreconstruction after a major loss.Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, through the Grant PTDC/PSI-PCL/121525/2010 (Ambivalence and Unsuccessful Psychotherapy,2012–2015) and the PhD Grant SFRH/BD/48607/200

Contact lens care solutions and ocular surface

Safe wear of non-daily disposable contact lenses require care systems to ensure disinfection and cleaning to allow the lens to be reused after a period of non lens wear (typically overnight). To do so, modern care systems, also known as multipurpose solutions (MPS) or multipurpose disinfecting solutions (MPDS) try to mimic the environment of the ocular surface regarding pH, osmolality, surface tension or viscosity while introducing other singular properties as a wide-spectrum antimicrobial activity and high cleaning performance. This delicate equilibrium or properties is challenging and sometimes results in adverse events that have drawn the attention of the CL industry and scientifi c community to these systems with an increased intensity during the past decade. Even with disposable lenses, safety is still a concern and presently we are in front of a new paradigm of solutions development, which must provide reinforced disinfecting capabilities and at the same time improve the compatibility with the ocular surface. Indeed, disinfection effi cacy against different new strains of microorganisms and compatibility with the ocular surface have been two aspects widely covered in the recent scientifi c literature, topics that will also be addressed in this chapter

Activation of adenosine A2A receptors induces TrkB translocation and increases BDNF-mediated phospho-TrkB localization in lipid rafts : implications for neuromodulation

Copyright © 2010 the authorsBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling is critical for neuronal development and transmission. Recruitment of TrkB receptors to lipid rafts has been hown to be necessary for the activation of specific signaling pathways and modulation of neurotransmitter release by BDNF. Since TrkB receptors are known to be modulated by adenosine A2A receptor activation, we hypothesized that activation of A2A receptors could influence TrkB receptor localization among different membrane microdomains. We found that adenosine A2A receptor agonists increased the levels of TrkB receptors in the lipid raft fraction of cortical membranes and potentiated BDNF-induced augmentation of phosphorylated TrkB levels in lipid rafts. Blockade of the clathrin-mediated endocytosis with monodansylcadaverine(100µM) did not modify the effects of theA2A receptor agonists but significantly impairedBDNFeffects on TrkB recruitment to lipid rafts. The effect of A2A receptor activation in TrkB localization was mimicked by 5 µM forskolin, an adenylyl cyclase activator. Also, it was blocked by the PKA inhibitors Rp-cAMPs and PKI-(14 –22), and by the Src-family kinase inhibitor PP2. Moreover, removal of endogenous adenosine or disruption of lipid rafts reduced BDNF stimulatory effects on glutamate release from cortical synaptosomes. Lipid raft integrity was also required for the effects of BDNF on hippocampal long-term potentiation at CA1 synapses. Our data demonstrate, for the first time, a BDNF-independent recruitment of TrkB receptors to lipid rafts induced by activation of adenosine A2A receptors, with functional consequences for TrkB phosphorylation and BDNF-induced modulation of neurotransmitter release and hippocampal plasticity.Supported by Fundacão para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (SFRH/BD/21374/2005 for N.A.L., SFRH/BD/21359/2005 for V.C.S., and SFRH/BPD/11528/2002 for D.B.P.) and by the European Union [European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) COST B30 concerted action, Neural Regeneration and Plasticity (NEREPLAS)]

Conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem acerca do uso de luvas no contexto hospitalar

O uso de luvas é inquestionável no cuidado à saúde, embora, a escolha entre luvas esterilizadas ou de procedimentonão é consensual entre os profissionais. Teve-se como objetivo avaliar o conhecimento dos profissionais deenfermagem acerca do uso de luvas considerando diferentes atividades. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo transversaldescritivo realizado em um hospital do interior do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul no mês de junho de 2007. Aplicou-sequestionário por entrevista, contendo questões de múltipla escolha sobre uso de luvas em diferentes procedimentosassistenciais. Participaram do estudo profissionais de enfermagem que atuavam diretamente na assistência àpacientes. Dos 74 entrevistados observou-se que a freqüência do uso de luvas em curativos representa uma temáticacontroversa, ou seja, variou de 1,3 % a 83,7%. Outro resultado preocupante foi a alta freqüência de não adesão aouso de luvas na administração de medicação: 31,0% em intramuscular, 18,9% em intravenosa, e 40,5% emsubcutânea Para execução da higiene corporal e posicionamento do paciente, as luvas foram citadas como de usofreqüente. Conlui-se no computo geral, o conhecimento sobre a indicação de luvas, nas diversas atividades aindanecessita de esclarecimentos quanto à adequada utilização