Structural modelling and testing of failed high energy pipe runs: 2D and 3D pipe whip

Copyright @ 2011 ElsevierThe sudden rupture of a high energy piping system is a safety-related issue and has been the subject of extensive study and discussed in several industrial reports (e.g. [2], [3] and [4]). The dynamic plastic response of the deforming pipe segment under the blow-down force of the escaping liquid is termed pipe whip. Because of the potential damage that such an event could cause, various geometric and kinematic features of this phenomenon have been modelled from the point of view of dynamic structural plasticity. After a comprehensive summary of the behaviour of in-plane deformation of pipe runs [9] and [10] that deform in 2D in a plane, the more complicated case of 3D out-of-plane deformation is discussed. Both experimental studies and modelling using analytical and FE methods have been carried out and they show that, for a good estimate of the “hazard zone” when unconstrained pipe whip motion could occur, a large displacement analysis is essential. The classical, rigid plastic, small deflection analysis (e.g. see [2] and [8]), is valid for estimating the initial failure mechanisms, however it is insufficient for describing the details and consequences of large deflection behaviour

Extending the RP survey to the outer LMC

We are extending our search for faint PNe in the LMC to include the outer 56 deg2 area not covered in the original UKST survey of the central 25 deg2 region. Candidate PNe have been selected using the Magellanic Cloud Emission Line Survey (MCELS) and the first round of observations has yielded 93 new LMC PNe while confirming the 102 previously known PNe in the outer LMC. We plan to continue our spectroscopic object identification program until we cover all our remaining candidates in the survey area. These observations, providing medium and high resolution spectra from 3650 Ang to 6900 Ang will additionally be used to measure fluxes for a series of research projects including luminosity functions, abundances and LMC kinematics.Comment: 2 pages, 1 figure, IAU283 poster contributio

Decentralisation: does the New Zealand local government system measure up?

Decentralisation continues to be well received as a strategy for improving the governance of countries and delivering more responsive and efficient services. Cheerleaders include multilateral agencies like the World Bank and developed countries, like England, which seek to reverse years of centralisation. Evaluating the effectiveness of decentralised models raises the question of what it means to be ‘decentralised’, and how decentralisation itself is measured. This article describes the World Bank’s diagnostic framework for assessing decentralisation and applies the framework to the New Zealand local government system.&nbsp

Small Library, Big Job

Many small college libraries employ only one professional. T hat means one person serves as reference librarian, cataloger, acquisitions specialist, circulation supervisor, inter-library loan officer, periodicals manager, information literacy instructor, and administrator- as well as conm1ittee member and sometimes teacher. (We won\u27t mention organist, student activity sponsor, or even volleyball coach.) Wearing so many hats at one time can be both a bane and a blessing. No two days are ever alike. I like being my own boss. It\u27s never boring. A 2004 ACL Conference roundtable discussion brought out all of these positives about working in the single-professional library. But the twenty or so librarians who attended were also quick to mention long hours, stress, and backlogs of work that burden them in their assigned places of service. They shared some very help fit! words of advice for those who work in similar situations

Collection Development in a Small Library

“Libraries need to become fundamentally different institutions than they were twenty years ago.” So says Mark Sandler in his article, “Collection Development in the Day of Google” in the October, 2006 issue of Library Resources & Technical Services.1 Is your collection development policy up to date? Does it reflect user’s expectations? Does it provide for an expanded range of formats? Does it address funding issues? As the small college library develops a collection that supports the curriculum of the college, the policy that governs that responsibility must be reflective of the community it serves. Overarching issues like information literacy and the rapidly changing information environment must also be considered