UJI SENSITIVITAS BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES DAN PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA TERHADAP AIR REBUSAN CACING TANAH LUMBRICUS RUBELLUS DAN PHERETIMA ASIATICA DAN ANTIBIOTIK SECARA IN VITRO

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai uji sensititvitas bakteri S.aureus, S. pyogenes dan P.aeruginosa terhadap antibiotik uji dan air rebusan cacing tanah secara in vitro. Hasil penelititan dengan diameter daerah hambat sebagai parameter dan dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial ini menunjukan bahwa bakteri S.aureus lebih sensitif terhadap kloramfenikol dan gentamicin, S.pyogenes lebih sensititif terhadap basitracin dan P. aeruginosa resisten terhadap keempat antibiotik uji. Selanjutnya, bakteri S. aureus lebih sensitif terhadap air rebusan cacing tanah P.asiatica daripada air rebusan L.rubellus. Sementara S. pyogenes dan P. aeruginosa lebih sensititf terhadap air rebusan L.rubellus daripada air rebusan P.asiatica. Konsentrasi air rebusan cacing tanah yang memberikan hambatan yang efektif terhadap S.aureus adalah konsentrasi 80 %, S.pyogenes dimulai dari konsentrasi 20 % dan P.aeruginosa dimulai dari konsentrasi 2,5 %. Bakteri S.aureus dan S.pyogenes lebih sensitif terhadap antibiotik sementara P. aeruginosa lebih sensitif terhadap air rebusan cacing tanah

ANALISIS PERTUMBUHAN DAN KANDUNGAN TOTAL FLAVONOID KULTUR KALUS KRISAN (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat) DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASAM 2,4-DIKLOROFENOKSIASETAT (2,4-D) DAN AIR KELAPA

Chrysanthemum morifolium contains flavonoids which have antioxidant properties and was useful in treating various diseases. The production of flavonoids from plants can be done in vitro through callus culture. Auxin 2,4-D growth regulators and organic compounds such as coconut water added to the media can affect the success of callus formation and secondary metabolite synthesis. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best treatment of 2,4-D concentration and coconut water that can increase the growth and total flavonoid levels of C. morifolium callus cultures. The method used in this research was the experimental method completely randomized design (CRD) with 8 treatments, namely 1 ppm 2,4-D + 10% coconut water (CW); 2 ppm 2,4-D + 10% CW; 3 ppm 2,4-D + 10% CW ; 4 ppm 2,4-D + 10% CW; 1 ppm 2,4-D; 2 ppm 2,4-D; 3 ppm 2,4-D; 4 ppm 2,4-D in 4 replication. The results showed that the treatment of 4 ppm 2,4-D and 10% CW was the best treatment combination, resulting in an average callus size (1.4 cm), fresh weight (0.19 grams), dry weight (0.16 gram) and total flavonoid content (1.873 mgQE/g

Pemberian Asam Humat untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Kandungan Total Flavonoid Sawi Hijau (Brassica juncea L.) pada Perbedaan Kadar Salinitas

Salt affects plant growth due to increased soil osmotic pressure and plant nutrients disturbance. Most plants are susceptible to high salinity which can cause physiological and biochemical interference. This research was conducted to obtain a possible salinity level for mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.) to grow well and the best humic acid dosage to reduce salinity damages and to gain high total flavonoid content. This research used Randomized Block Design method with two factors and four replications. The factors are salinity levels (control, 50, 75, and 100 mM) and humic acid dosage (control, 2, 4, and 8 g/kg). In the parameters which had interactions between the two treatments, the highest results were obtained with a combination of 100 mM salinity and 12 g humic acid, such as plant height (33.35 cm), leaf area (379.66 cm2), fresh weight (22.41 g) and dry weight (1.54 g). The highest results on leaf number (8.5 leaves) and total flavonoid content (0.074 mgQE/g sample) were obtained with 100 mM salinity. Humic acid dose of 12 g gave the highest result on leaf number (8.69 leaves) and total flavonoid content (0.095 mgQE/g sample).Salt affects plant growth due to increased soil osmotic pressure and plant nutrients disturbance. Most plants are susceptible to high salinity which can cause physiological and biochemical interference. This research was conducted to obtain a possible salinity level for mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.) to grow well and the best humic acid dosage to reduce salinity damages and to gain high total flavonoid content. This research used Randomized Block Design method with two factors and four replications. The factors are salinity levels (control, 50, 75, and 100 mM) and humic acid dosage (control, 2, 4, and 8 g/kg). In the parameters which had interactions between the two treatments, the highest results were obtained with a combination of 100 mM salinity and 12 g humic acid, such as plant height (33.35 cm), leaf area (379.66 cm2), fresh weight (22.41 g) and dry weight (1.54 g). The highest results on leaf number (8.5 leaves) and total flavonoid content (0.074 mgQE/g sample) were obtained with 100 mM salinity. Humic acid dose of 12 g gave the highest result on leaf number (8.69 leaves) and total flavonoid content (0.095 mgQE/g sample)

UJI SENSITIVITAS BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES DAN PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA TERHADAP AIR REBUSAN CACING TANAH LUMBRICUS RUBELLUS DAN PHERETIMA ASIATICA DAN ANTIBIOTIK SECARA IN VITRO

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai uji sensititvitas bakteri S.aureus, S. pyogenes dan P.aeruginosa terhadap antibiotik uji dan air rebusan cacing tanah secara in vitro. Hasil penelititan dengan diameter daerah hambat sebagai parameter dan dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial ini menunjukan bahwa bakteri S.aureus lebih sensitif terhadap kloramfenikol dan gentamicin, S.pyogenes lebih sensititif terhadap basitracin dan P. aeruginosa resisten terhadap keempat antibiotik uji. Selanjutnya, bakteri S. aureus lebih sensitif terhadap air rebusan cacing tanah P.asiatica daripada air rebusan L.rubellus. Sementara S. pyogenes dan P. aeruginosa lebih sensititf terhadap air rebusan L.rubellus daripada air rebusan P.asiatica. Konsentrasi air rebusan cacing tanah yang memberikan hambatan yang efektif terhadap S.aureus adalah konsentrasi 80 %, S.pyogenes dimulai dari konsentrasi 20 % dan P.aeruginosa dimulai dari konsentrasi 2,5 %. Bakteri S.aureus dan S.pyogenes lebih sensitif terhadap antibiotik sementara P. aeruginosa lebih sensitif terhadap air rebusan cacing tanah

PEMAHAMAN DAN PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP RENCANA GEOPARK PANGANDARAN

Geopark adalah taman bumi yang memiliki unsur geodiversity, biodiversity dan cultural diversity. Kegiatan ini merupakan kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pemahaman masyarakat terhadap rencana pengembangan Geopark Pangandaran serta melakukan penyuluhan terkait pengelolaam geopark terutama dilihat dari aspek biodiversitas dan konservasi wilayah. Kegiatan ini terdiri dari beberapa tahapan kegiatan yaitu penyuluhan, identifikasi pemahaman masyarakat terhadap rencana Geopark Pangandaran dan penilaian (assessment) hasil penyuluhan. Penyuluhan telah dilaksanakan di bulan Agustus 2017 di Pangandaran. Kegiatan penyuluhan terdiri dari ceramah mengenai pengertian dan sejarah geopark, pengelolaan geopark, manfaat dan keistimewaan geopark serta cara penilaian suatu wilayah menjadi kawasan geopark dunia; diskusi kelas untuk bertukar pikiran serta membahas permasalahan seputar pengelolaan geopark termasuk permasalahan keanekaragaman hayati, sosial dan ekonomi, serta kegiatan field trip yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman peserta penyuluhan terhadap keanekaragaman hayati serta geologi yang ada di Pangandaran. Pelaksanaan kegiatan PkM ini telah mampu meningkatkan pemahaman, pengetahuan serta sikap peserta penyuluhan terhadap pengembangan Geopark Pangandaran

POTENSI REGENERASI SEL SERTOLI DAN SEL LEYDIG TIKUS (Rattus norvegicus) MODEL DIABETES PASCA PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT BUAH JENGKOL (Archidendron pauciflorum)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that causes disruption of spermatogenesis due to decreased numbers of Sertoli cells and Leydig cells. The aim of this study was to determine the potency of ethanol extract of Jengkol fruit peel (JFPEE) on increasing the regeneration of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells in diabetic rat models. This type of research is experimental research using a completely randomized design (CRD)with 5 treatments and 5 replications. Treatment was given orally for 54 consecutive days consisting of negative control (NC), positive control (PC), comparison (Glibenclamide dose 10 mg/kg BW), P1 and P2 (JFPEE dose 385 and 770 mg/kg BW). Diabetic induction was performed with streptozotocin dose 65 mg/kg BW in male Wistar rat except for NC group. The parameters observed were the number of Sertoli cells and Leydig cells in 25 seminiferous tubules.The results of histological structured showed that the highest number of Sertoly cells and Leydig cells were obtained in group P2 (4.40±0.55; 9.80±0.84) and it was not significantly different from the NC group (5.00±1.41; 12.20±2.77). It can be concluded that 770 mg/kg BW was the effective dose of JFPEE that can increase the regeneration of Sertoli cells and Leydig cells in diabetic rat models.Keywords: Jengkol Fruit Peel Ethanol Extract, Leydig Cells, Regeneration, Sertoli Cells

Empowering the Rural Communities through Education on the Use of Chrysanthemums as Medicinal Plants and Herbal Tea

Chrysanthemum is widely known as ornamental plants, but chrysanthemums can also be used as medicinal plants and can be processed into healthy beverages known as chrysanthemum tea. The purpose of the PPM activity is to educate the community, especially PKK women who are participants in this activity about the role of chrysanthemum plants in the prevention and treatment of various diseases such as fever, hypertension, osteoporosis, eye healthy and making chrysanthemum tea as a healthy beverage. PPM activities was carried out through outreach activities with presentations and discussions (question and answer), demonstrations of making chrysanthemum tea, and distributing questionnaires to determine participants understanding before and after the implementation of PPM activities. The results of the questionnaire showed that participants knowledge about the use of chrysanthemum as medicinal ingredients increased after participating in outreach activities, as well as the interest in chrysanthemum tea cultivation and entrepreneurship

Characterization of Plantaricin Genes and Lactic Acid Production by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains Isolated from Ishizuchi-Kurocha

Background and Objective: Ishizuchi-kurocha is a post-fermented tea that involved two main kinds of microorganisms, namely fungi and lactic acid bacteria, which are primary and secondary fermentation, respectively. Therefore, this research aimed to confirm the role of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum during secondary fermentation of Ishizuchi-kurocha and the anti-bacterial effect due to lactic acid production and genes detection of plantaricin. Material and Methods: Antimicrobial were estimated using well diffusion method. Lactic acid was determined with spectrophotometric method. Detection of plantaricin genes were confirmed by Real-Time qPCR. The genes were sequenced through DNA Sequencing Analytical service by the Division of Genomic Research, Gifu University using the Multi-capillary DNA Sequencer ABI Prism 3100/3130 Genetic Analyzer and the data analyzed by the CLC Sequence Viewer 8.0 and BioEdit 7.2. Statistical analysis was evaluated by one-way of variance followed Tukey’s post hoc test using RStudio version 4.1.3. Results and Conclusion: L. plantarum strain IYO1511 has higher antibacterial activities than strain IYO1501. In addition, L. plantarum strain IYO1511 produced higher lactic acid than strain IYO1501 and has plantaricin genes, plnA, plnEF, plnN, plnJ and plnK. However, L. plantarum strain IYO1501 only encoded plnEF, plnN, and plnJ. The plantaricin genes from the strains IYO1501 and IYO1511 were sequenced to identify the heterologous gene clusters of each species. It was discovered that plnA, plnEF, and plnJ of L. plantarum IYO1511 showed 100% similarity homology toward GenBank. The plnN of strain IYO1511 and plnEF of IYO1501 present extra base pairs inserted into the DNA. L. plantarum strains can be used as food preservative for artificial fermentation to control the safety and quality of the product of Ishizuchi-kurocha.The lactic acid and plantaricin were expected to inhibit pathogenically and spoilage bacteria to produce a unique acidic flavor as well as fragrance to Ishizuchi‐kurocha. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest

Partisipasi dan Persepsi Masyarakat Desa Cinunuk dalam Pengelolaan Sampah

Abstract. Community can participate in waste management through reducing waste, sorting waste, disposing of waste in its place, and reuse. This study aimed to determine community participation and factors influencing community participation in waste management, Cinunuk Village. Quantitative and qualitative methods were applied in this study, using a questionnaire, literature study, and direct observation. Respondents were determined by proportional random sampling. Discriminant analysis was applied in this study. The results show that reuse activities are still challenging to do in a village environment to minimize waste generation volume. The entire community has participated in every type of waste management activity. Where on average, the community actively participates in waste disposal activities (55%). Meanwhile, in reduce, waste sorting and reuse activities, participation tends to be passive. The factors that distinguish the formation of active and passive community participation in Cinunuk Village are perception, experience, communication, and facilities. The classification of participation inoowaste management activities produces different factors. Keywords: Community Participation, Waste, Waste Management Abstrak. Masyarakat dapat berpartisipasi dalam pengelolaan sampah melalui kegiatan reduce, memilah sampah, membuang sampah pada tempatnya, dan reuse. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui partisipasi masyarakat dan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah di Desa Cinunuk. Metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif diaplikasikan pada studi ini, menggunakan kuesioner, studi literatur, dan observasi langsung. Pemilihan responden dilakukan secara proporsional random sampling. Analisis diskriminan diaplikasikan pada studi ini. Hasil menunjukan bahwa kegiatan reuse masih sulit dilakukan di lingkungan desa untuk meminimalisasi volume timbulan sampah. Seluruh masyarakat telah berpatisipasi dalam setiap jenis kegiatan pengelolaan sampah. Dimana rata-rata masyarakat berpartisipasi aktif dalam kegiatan membuang sampah (55%). Sedangkan pada kegiatan reduce, memilah sampah dan kegiatan reuse, partisipasi masih cenderung pasif. Faktor yang membedakan terbentuknya partisipasi masyarakat secara aktif dan pasif dalam pengelolaan sampah di Desa Cinunuk adalah faktor persepsi, pengalaman, komunikasi dan sarana. Klasifikasi partisipasi masyarakat dalam kegiatan pengelolaan sampah menghasilkan faktor yang berbeda. Kata Kunci: Cinunuk, Partisipasi Masyarakat, Pengelolaan Sampa

Efek Kombinasi Ekstrak Temulawak dan Belimbing Wuluh terhadap Perbaikan Histologis Ginjal Tikus yang Terpapar Herbisida Paraquat

Paraquat merupakan herbisida yang digunakan pada pertanian. Akumulasi paraquat pada tanaman sayur jika dikonsumsi dapat bersifat racun dan menyebabkan gangguan pada organ ginjal seperti kerusakan pada glomerulus berupa edema spatium Bowman, serta pada tubulus berupa infiltrasi sel radang dan pembengkakan sel epitel tubulus. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kombinasi ekstrak temulawak dan belimbing wuluh (TBW) terhadap perbaikan histologis ginjal tikus yang terpapar paraquat. Metode penelitian secara eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan lima perlakuan dan lima ulangan. Induksi paraquat dilakukan pada seluruh perlakuan kecuali KN. Susunan perlakuan yang terdiri dari KN (tween 80 1%), KP (paraquat 25 mg/KgBB), P1 (kombinasi TBW 770 mg/KgBB), P2 (kombinasi TBW 385 mg/KgBB), P3 (kombinasi TBW 192,5 mg/KgBB). Parameter yang diamati yaitu histologis ginjal meliputi diameter glomerulus, lebar ruang Bowman, dan persentase nekrosis pada tubulus proksimal. Data dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji ANOVA pada taraf kepercayaan 95% kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan diameter glomerulus, penurunan lebar ruang Bowman serta penurunan persentase nekrosis sel tubulus proksimal pada perlakuan P1-P3 dengan dosis optimum yang dapat memperbaiki struktur histologis ginjal yaitu 385 mg/KgBB. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu kombinasi ekstrak temulawak dan belimbing wuluh berpengaruh memperbaiki struktur histologis ginjal tikus yang terpapar paraquat