Clinical summary of VP shunt malposition in grade 2 with revision surgery and all grade 3 or 4 patients.

Clinical summary of VP shunt malposition in grade 2 with revision surgery and all grade 3 or 4 patients.</p

Data of patients with postoperative bleeding.

Data of patients with postoperative bleeding.</p

Comparison of cohort demographics between patients with and without shunt malposition.

<p>Comparison of cohort demographics between patients with and without shunt malposition.</p

MOESM1 of Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in rat elicits a region-specific neurotrophic response in SVZ microglia

Additional file 1: Table S1. Total numbers of animals, numbers of included animals with sex distribution and excluded animals with reason for exclusion for each experiment. Table S2. Percentages of CD11b+ CD45+ microglia per tissue group and condition for each experiment. Table S3. List of all statistical comparisons in the main figures. Figure S1. Right and left hemispheres in sham animals are not different. Figure S2. Density of PCNA+ and PAX6+ cells in the dorsolateral SVZ. Figure S3. Hypoxia alone is insufficient to elicit HI-specific microglial changes. Figure S4. SVZ microglial phagocytosis of Ki67+ SVZ cells. Figure S5. Magnetic bead sorting resulted in a high purity of CD11b+ CD45+ microglia. Figure S6. Microarray validation with qPCR for Igf-1. Figure S7. The gene expression profile of cortex and SVZ microglia after neonatal HI shared similarities with that of microglia from rodent models of neurodegenerative diseases

Absolute risk reduction (ARR) and diagnostic ratio for early postoperative cranial CT of various radiological factors.

<p>Absolute risk reduction (ARR) and diagnostic ratio for early postoperative cranial CT of various radiological factors.</p

Data_Sheet_1_Endoscopic surgery for spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhage: A systematic review and meta-analysis.docx

IntroductionTreatment for spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhage (SSICH) is limited and consist of either best medical treatment (BMT) or surgical hematoma evacuation. Treatment methods and choice of surgical technique are debated, and so far, no clear advantage of endoscopic surgery (ES) over conventional craniotomy (CC) or BMT was shown. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the differences in outcome, morbidity, and mortality between ES and CC or BMT.MethodsWe systematically searched Embase and PubMed databases for randomised controlled trials comparing ES to CC or BMT. The primary outcome was favourable functional outcome after 6 months. Secondary outcomes were morbidity and mortality rates and duration of surgery.ResultsSeven articles were eligible for the outcome analysis with 312 subjects in the control (216 CC, 96 BMT) and 279 in the treatment group (ES). Compared to BMT, ES showed significantly improved favourable functional outcome (RR 1.93 [1.12; 3.33], p = 0.02) and mortality rates (RR 0.63 [0.44; 0.90], p = 0.01). No significant difference in favourable functional outcome and mortality was seen in ES compared to CC (RR 2.13 [0.01; 737], p = 0.35; RR 0.42 [0.17; 1.05], p = 0.06). ES showed significantly lower morbidity (RR 0.41 [0.29; 0.58], p ConclusionES showed significantly improved favourable functional outcome and mortality rates compared to BMT while showing reduced length of surgery and lower complication rates compared to CC. Therefore, ES appears a promising approach for treatment of SSICH justifying further prospective trials.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO, identifier: CRD42020181018.</p

Additional file 1: of Low-dose aspirin and burr-hole drainage of chronic subdural hematoma: study protocol for a randomized controlled study

SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents. (DOC 134 kb

Data of patients with hygromas due to VP shunt overdrainage.

<p>Data of patients with hygromas due to VP shunt overdrainage.</p

Data_Sheet_1_Treatment and Postinterventional Management of a Fusiform Intracranial Aneurysm in a Professional Soccer Player: A Case Report.PDF

IntroductionWhile intracranial aneurysms are common lesions affecting between 1 and 5% of the general population, the prevalence in professional athletes remains unknown. The result is uncertainty and lack of guidelines on appropriate treatment of these patients.Case PresentationA 29-year-old professional soccer player presented in our hospital with an incidentally found intracranial aneurysm. After detailed depiction of the aneurysm and interdisciplinary discussion, endovascular treatment using a flow diverter was chosen to be the best treatment modality. Postinterventional medication consisted of dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel. The main challenge in managing the case of our patient was the combination of the dual antiplatelet treatment regime with his professional career in a contact sport.ConclusionDue to lack of literature or similar reports regarding the management of professional athletes with intracranial aneurysms, the optimal treatment strategy remains unclear. Even though decisions should be made dynamically and case-adapted to each situation, developing a registry could help provide guidance and new ideas for similar cases in the future.</p

Table_1_The RNA-Binding Protein RBM3 Promotes Neural Stem Cell (NSC) Proliferation Under Hypoxia.XLSX

Neural stem cells (NSCs) reside physiologically in a hypoxic niche to maintain self-renewal and multipotency. Whereas mild hypoxia is known to promote NSC proliferation, severe hypoxia in pathological conditions exerts the reverse effect. The multi-functional RNA-binding protein RBM3 is abundant in NSCs and can be regulated by hypoxic exposure. Although RBM3 has been shown to accelerate cell growth in many cell types, whether and how it affects NSC proliferation in hypoxic environment remains largely unknown. In this study, we tested how RBM3 regulates cell proliferation under hypoxia in C17.2 mouse NSC cell line and in primary mouse NSCs from both the forebrain of postnatal day 0 (P0) mice and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of adult mice. Our results demonstrated that RBM3 expression was highly sensitive to hypoxia, and NSCs were arrested in G0/G1 phase by 5, 2.5, and 1% O2 treatment. When we overexpressed RBM3, hypoxia-induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase was relieved and more cell transit into S phase was observed. Furthermore, cell viability under hypoxia was also increased by RBM3. In contrast, in RBM3-depleted primary NSCs, less BrdU-incorporated cells were detected, indicating exacerbated cell cycle arrest in G1 to S phase transition. Instead, overexpressed RBM3 significantly increased proliferation ratio in primary NSCs. Our findings indicate RBM3 as a potential target to maintain the proliferation capacity of NSCs under hypoxia, which can be important in NSC-based therapies of acute brain injury and chronic neurodegenerative diseases.</p