Strategi Penanganan Permukiman Kumuh (Studi Kasus : Kawasan Kaligawe, Semarang)

Tingginya jumlah penduduk di pusat kota mengharuskan terpenuhinya kebutuhan akan permukiman yang layak huni, khususnya untuk menampung kaum urbanis yang pekerjaannya terkonsentrasi pada sektor perdagangan dan jasa di kawasan komersial yang ada di pusat kota. Ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana yang lengkap di pusat kota ini menimbulkan daya tarik bagi masyarakat untuk bermukim di kawasan tersebut. Mereka membutuhkan tempat hunian lebih banyak berada di sekitar kawasan komersial kota, hal ini dimungkinkan juga karena mereka mendekati pusat perdagangan untuk membuka USAha dengan memanfaatkan keramaian dan padatnya pengunjung yang berdatangan ke pusat-pusat perbelanjaan di kota. Selain itu alasan lain bagi masyarakat tertarik untuk bertempat tinggal di sekitar kawasan pusat kota karena lebih memudahkan jangkauan tempat kerja bagi mereka yang bekerja di pusat kota, serta memenuhi kebutuhan tempat tinggal masyarakat yang banyak bekerja di kawasan Central Bussiness District (CBD) kota. Ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana yang lengkap di pusat kota juga menjadi daya tarik masyarakat untuk tinggal di kawasan tersebut. Dengan tingkat pendapatan dan perekonomian masyarakat yang kurang begitu tinggi, tanpa disadari kebutuhan akan permukiman yang layak huni sulit terakomodir. Hal tersebut terjadi pada kota- kota besar di Indonesia seperti halnya di Semarang.Hasil penelitian Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang (Unissula) menunjukkan 42 titik lokasi permukiman kumuh berada di Kecamatan Semarang Utara, diantaranya. Titik-titik permukiman kumuh, antara lain berada di daerah Krakasan, Makam Kobong, Stasiun Tawang, Bandarharjo, Kebonharjo, Kampung Melayu, Tanjung Mas, Dadapsari, Purwosari, Plombokan, dan Panggung. Berdasarkan hasil studi yang sama, sejumlah kawasan di Kecamatan Tugu juga dihuni oleh kaum suburban, diantaranya permukiman kumuh di Mangkang Kulon, Mangkang Wetan, Mangunharjo, Randugarut, Karanganyar, Tugurejo, dan Jrakah. Daerah Semarang bagian utara menjadi daya tarik tersendiri bagi para pendatang. Kawasan dekat pantai seperti Bandarharjo dan Mangunharjo menjadi pusat perdagangan dan industri yang menarik orang untuk datang dan bekerja.Proses terbentuknya permukiman kumuh, terjadi karena para pekerja memilih tinggal di dekat tempat kerja. Perkembangan Kota Semarang bermula dari sekitar pelabuhan yang diikuti pertumbuhan industri di sekitar Genuk dan Kaligawe. Sementara perdagangan dan jasa berada di sekitar Johar. Perkembangan yang begitu pesat di pusat perdagangan, industri, dan jasa mengakibatkan kebutuhan akan lahan semakin meningkat. Sementara pada bagian lain, para pendatang seringkali tidak memiliki keterampilan dan bekal yang cukup dari kampung halaman. Mereka kemudian mencari tempat tinggal seadanya di dekat pabrik atau pantai. Sedikit demi sedikit permukiman kumuh pun terbentuk. Adapun kebutuhan rumah tidak sebanding dengan jumlah penduduk yang kian meningkat pertumbuhannya

Profil Pasien Suspek Resistensi Ganda Tuberkulosis HIV/AIDS di Rumah Sakit Penyakit Infeksi (RSPI) Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Tahun 2012

Latar belakang : Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan Mycobacterium tuberculosis terutama menyerang paru. Laporan World Health Organization (WHO) menuliskan pada umumnya hanya sedikit orang yang terinfeksi TB menjadi sakit TB namun pada orang dengan HIV/AIDS yang terinfeksi TB banyak menjadi sakit TB. Resistensi terhadap Obat Anti Tuberkulosa (OAT) menjadi salah satu masalah penting dalam pengobatan TB. Ketersediaan obat yang ampuh tetapi tidak diberikan dengan baik menimbulkan masalah resistensi termasuk Resistensi Ganda (RG)/ Multidrug Resistant (MDR).Metode : Penelitian ini mempunyai desain deskriptif potong lintang menggunakan data yang sudah direkapitulasi dari case report form (CRF). Sampel penelitian ini adalah pasien suspek resistensi ganda TB pada HIV. Kriteria inklusi adalah semua pasien usia > 15 tahun dengan HIV TB Paru BTA positif atau negatif kasus baru, kasus kambuh, kasus putus obat, gagal terapi (suspek resistensi ganda) yang berobat ke Instalasi rawat jalan maupun Instalasi rawat inap RSPI Prof Dr. Sulianti Saroso. Sampel berjumlah 21 orang pasien suspek resistensi ganda TB HIV/AIDS periode Maret – Desember 2012 di RSPI Prof dr Sulianti Saroso. Hasil disajikan ke dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi kemudian dianalisis secara univariat.Hasil : Secara keseluruhan kelompok pasien suspek resistensi ganda TB HIV/AIDS paling banyak didapatkan pada usia 15-35 tahun sebesar 18 orang (85,7%), sebanyak 7 orang (33,33%) bekerja dengan pekerjaan sebagai karyawan, tingkat pendidikan paling banyak Sekolah Menengah Atas berjumlah 15 orang (71,4%) dan faktor risiko pasien paling banyak dari seks bebas dengan jumlah 13 orang (61,9%), Hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium menunjukkan jumlah CD4 pasien cenderung rendah yaitu CD4 <100 sel/μL berjumlah 18 orang (66,7%), sementara jumlah limfosit paling banyak antara 15 % sampai 40 % sebanyak 10 orang (47,6%).Kesimpulan : Profil pasien suspek resistensi ganda TB HIV/AIDS RSPI Prof dr Sulianti Saroso pada kelompok usia produktif dengan faktor risiko utama adalah seks bebas dan kondisi sistem kekebalan tubuh buruk

Formulation of Watermelon Rind (Citrullus vulgaris schard) and Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Jam as Functional Food Rich in Antioxidants

The body's immune system is one of the natural defenses in the human body, functioning to ward off various diseases, including those that emerged after the Covid-19 pandemic. One plant with potential as an antioxidant and easily found in the environment is watermelon. Jam made from watermelon rind and secang wood, with various formulations, namely 100% watermelon rind: 0% secang (F1), 90% watermelon rind: 10% secang (F2), 80% watermelon rind: 2% secang (F3), and 70% watermelon rind: 3% secang (F4), is expected to possess good antioxidant properties. A promising antioxidant formulation for watermelon rind jam and secang is the one with 70% watermelon rind and 30% secang (F4), having an IC50 value of 144.27 g/mL, which is classified as a moderate antioxidant. Among the four jam formulations, panelists preferred the jam formulation (F4) without the addition of sweetened condensed milk in terms of color and texture. However, for the jam formulation (F4) with the addition of sweetened condensed milk, panelists favored it in terms of aroma and taste. The jam formulation (F4) meets the quality standards for fruit jam based on INS 3746:2008, including total plate count, arsenic, and tin categories

Mapping ergonomics application to improve SMEs working condition in industrially developing countries: a critical review

In industrially developing countries (IDC), small and medium enterprises (SMEs) account for the highest proprotion of employment. Unfortunately, the working conditions in SMEs are often very poor and expose employees to a potentially wide range of health and safety risks. This paper presents a comprehensive review of 161 articles related to ergonomics application in SMEs, using Indonesia as a case study. The aim of this paper is to investigate the extent of ergonomics application and identify areas that can be improved to promote effective ergonomics for SMEs in IDC. The most urgent issue found is the need for adopting participatory approach in contrast to the commonly implemented top-down approach. Some good practices in ergonomics application were also revealed from the review, e.g. a multidisciplinary approach, unsophisticated and low-cost solutions, and recognising the importance of productivity. The review also found that more work is still required to achieve appropriate cross-cultural adaptation of ergonomics application. Practitioner Summary: Despite continuous efforts in addressing ergonomics issues in SMEs of IDC, workers are still exposed to poor work conditions. We reviewed factual-based evidence of current ergonomics application to inform future strategies of ergonomics in IDC, using Indonesia as a case study

Kekerasan Verbal dalam Video Monolog Akun Instagram @Ismaillishtkroo

This research was conducted to describe (1) the types of speech acts, (2) the speech act functions; (3) the types of verbal violence in the monologue video account @ismaillishtkroo. This type of research is a qualitative study using descriptive method. The object of this study is a speech containing verbal violence in monologue and comet video on the Instagram account @ismaillishtkroo. The data taken was analyzed with the following steps: (1) transcribing spoken language in the video into written language, (2) identifying data in accordance with the aspects studied, (3) classifying research data by creating tables based on aspects that are researched, (4) interpreting data, (5) inferring data based on research results. In this study, found the following 3 things. First, the types of speech acts that found are expressive, directive, assertive and commissive. Second, the speech act function found is a contradictory and competitive function. Third, the types of verbal violence found are curse, ridicule, accusations, intimidation, insults, coercion, threats, harassment, curses, and rebuke

Upaya Meningkatkan Keaktifan dan Prestasi Belajar Matematika melalui Problem Solving Siswa Kelas VII SMP N 1 Botodayaan Rongkop Gunungkidul

The purpose of this research is to improve the activity and mathematics achievement of students of class VII with learning methods of problem solving in SMP N 1 Botodayaan, Rongkop, Gunungkidul. This research is Classroom Action Research (CAR). Techniques of data collection in this study was done by observation, documentation, and testing. Test instrument used to test the test item, whereas the observation sheet used to determine the level of involvement of the student. Data analysis techniques for observation sheet was conducted to determine student activity, whereas for mathematics achievement tests done by calculating the average value of the class. The results showed that after the application of the learning methods of problem solving, activity and learning mathematics achievement increased. It can be shown an increase in the average yield percentage of student activity sheets based on the observation that pre-cycle by 37.88% student activity, student activity first cycle of 51.01%, 76.77% for the second cycle. While the average value of student mathematics achievement increased from an average initial value of 56.97 to 66.16 in the first cycle and second cycle being 71.59. It is expected that schools can apply the learning method

Pengelolaan Aset/barang Milik Daerah di Dinas Tenaga Kerja Kota Magelang Tahun 2018/2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan pengelolaan asset/barang milik daerah pada Dinas Tenaga Kerja Kota Magelang apakah telah sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri No. 19 Tahun 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif. Dalam mengumpulkan data-data, penulis membuat daftar pertanyaan untuk ditanyakan langsung kepada informan yang terkait dengan pengelolaan asset/barang milik daerah, melakukan survey dan wawancara, ataupun observasi dengan cara turun langsung ke lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan asset/barang milik daerah pada Dinas Tenaga Kerja Kota Magelang sudah dilaksanakan dengan maksimal dan sesuai dengan Permendagri No. 19 Tahun 2016. Walaupun belum semua pengelolaan asset/barang dilakukan dengan maksimal seperti pengadaan barang, yang terkadang dalam satu tahun sekali tidak dilakukan pengadaan barang sama sekali

Learning Difficulties and Students' Ability Level During Pandemic Covid-19 on the Subject of Thermochemistry

This study aims to identify learning difficulties learning experienced by students on the subject thermochemistry in class XI IPA SMA Negeri 8 Palu during the Covid-19 pandemic for the 2021 / 2022 school year. The instruments used in this study are thermochemistry tests, questionnaires, and interviews. The result showed students’ difficulties in the subject thermochemistry in class XI IPA was 60 %, the highest difficulty of students is found in the thermochemistry test of calculating the heat of the type of compound, calculating enthalpy changes, and formulating steps and hypotheses of an experiment. The difficulty is indicated by the low level of student comprehension of 54 %, medium 43 %, and high 3 % with an average of 30%. Furthermore, the difficulty of students in participating in chemistry learning during the Covid-19 pandemic is technical difficulties with a percentage of 65.92 %, difficulties in implementing learning with a percentage 0f 65.44 %, and external difficulties (environment and parents) with a percentage of 52.92 %. based on these results, the learning difficulties experienced by students during chemistry learning thermochemistry subjects during the Covid-19 pandemic include students often being constrained by signals and quotas to access materials on the internet and do not have student handbooks to study at home, difficulty understanding chemistry concepts because teacher explanations are elusive, students are not active in participating in learning because chemistry learning during the pandemic is not interesting, can’t afford chemistry books and quotas also parents don’t provide motivation and students are often lazy to do assignments because no one helps with doing. The result of this study indicates that the level of students' difficulties learning about thermochemistry is a quite high category with a low level of student ability and students agree that it is difficult to study chemistry during the pandemic Covid-19

Experimentation of Problem-Based Learning Model on Critical Thinking Ability in Learning Number Theory

Abstract Critical thinking is needed in learning mathematics because it can train students to develop and analyze problems given. The research aims to determine the effect of PBL models on critical thinking skills in learning number theory. The research experimental design used was the one-group pretest-posttest. The subjects of this research are students of the Mathematics Education Muhammadiyah University of Metro who had taken the learning number theory. The instrument in this research was a critical thinking test. Data analysis techniques used in this research were (1) normality test using the Liliefors test, (2) homogeneity test using Bartlet test, and (3) hypothesis testing using paired mean difference test. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that: (1) There is an effect of PBL model on students’ critical thinking skills, (2) There is a difference in the average N-Gain score of students’ critical thinking skills before and after using PBL with observed = 12,025 &gt; tcritical (0.05; 1) = 2,001., (3) PBL can increase in the average value proportion of each indicator of critical thinking.</jats:p