Ecological Strategy to Prevent Vulture Menace to Aircraft in India

Vultures are sincere scavengers. Though seen with disgust, they work silently as effective biological incinerators of nature by feeding and digesting the diseased and rotten animal carcasses. Vultures are shifting their natural habitat and proliferating unnaturally in the cities because of encroachment of forest, unplanned industrialisation, urbanisation, and uncivilised way of life prevailing in the society. Hence, the problem of vulture menace to aircraft has arisen. Vulture strikes to aircraft can be minimised by promptly lifting the dead animals/carcasses from different parts of the city to the permanent feeding ground, which should be out of buffer zone area and away from the flying path. and simultaneously discouraging the illegal skinning, specially in the vicinity of aerodrome. In this paper, an ecological solution of the vulture strike to aircraft is highlighted

CONDITION OF FEMALE CHARACTERS IN HARDY'S NOVELS: SPECIAL REFERENCE IN ‘TESS OF THE D'URBERVILLES

Thomas Hardy was one of the most popular Novelist of Victorian age. His writings are reflective of the great movement from the Victorian to the modern age. He focuses on social problems like unjust marriage law, superstition, inequality, proprieties, orthodoxy and patriarchy by his Novels. Hardy tried tirelessly in order to change the male dominated society and to bring out the desired changes for the mutual benefit of women as well as man. The Victorian society of that century was rigid and uncompromising one towards women. Friendship between man and women was not acceptable in that time. Live in relationship is a social crime. Thomas Hardy showed his sympathy to the women in Victorian age that faces problems of unhappy marriage life, divorces, deception in love, merciless fate, hypocrisy, mistreatment and orthodoxy. Hardy tried to change the views of male-dominated Society for the benefit of women through his Novels. In his ‘Tess of the D’Urbervilles’ Hardy tries to sketch pathetic condition of women. She suffers a lot in her life from the birth to last breath of life because of honest love, scarifies and faithfulness. Female protagonist of Hardy’s novels became the victim of patriarchal society. They face suppression, maltreatment, wife-selling, domestic violence, sexual harassment in their life. The condition of women was very pathetic; they had neither freedom of speech nor freedom to work according to their choice. They were used for physical pleasure. This situation was very accurately depicted by Thomas Hardy in his novels

Quantum Locality

It is argued that while quantum mechanics contains nonlocal or entangled states, the instantaneous or nonlocal influences sometimes thought to be present due to violations of Bell inequalities in fact arise from mistaken attempts to apply classical concepts and introduce probabilities in a manner inconsistent with the Hilbert space structure of standard quantum mechanics. Instead, Einstein locality is a valid quantum principle: objective properties of individual quantum systems do not change when something is done to another noninteracting system. There is no reason to suspect any conflict between quantum theory and special relativity.Comment: Introduction has been revised, references added, minor corrections elsewhere. To appear in Foundations of Physic

Consistent Histories in Quantum Cosmology

We illustrate the crucial role played by decoherence (consistency of quantum histories) in extracting consistent quantum probabilities for alternative histories in quantum cosmology. Specifically, within a Wheeler-DeWitt quantization of a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmological model sourced with a free massless scalar field, we calculate the probability that the univese is singular in the sense that it assumes zero volume. Classical solutions of this model are a disjoint set of expanding and contracting singular branches. A naive assessment of the behavior of quantum states which are superpositions of expanding and contracting universes may suggest that a "quantum bounce" is possible i.e. that the wave function of the universe may remain peaked on a non-singular classical solution throughout its history. However, a more careful consistent histories analysis shows that for arbitrary states in the physical Hilbert space the probability of this Wheeler-DeWitt quantum universe encountering the big bang/crunch singularity is equal to unity. A quantum Wheeler-DeWitt universe is inevitably singular, and a "quantum bounce" is thus not possible in these models.Comment: To appear in Foundations of Physics special issue on quantum foundation

Multi-environment analysis of grain quality traits in recombinant inbred lines of a biparental cross in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

A set of 286 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) along with the parents and a popular wheat variety in India were grown for two consecutive years at three locations belonging to the two major wheat growing zones of India and evaluated for four grain quality traits. Rare recombinants with high trait value appeared for protein content (PC), thousand-kernel weight (TKW), sedimentation value (SV), and kernel hardness (KH). The magnitude of environmental effects was more pronounced than genotypic effects and genotype-environment interaction (GEI). The cumulative contribution of environment and GEI components to the total variance was highest in the expression of PC followed by TKW, SV, and KH. The top five percent (14 RILs) of genotypes with high trait value were subjected to Eberhart and Russell (1966) (ER), genotype and genotype-environment (GGE) and additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) stability models. Five RILs were identified as stable in all the three stability models. RIL61 with 38.8%, RIL101 with 8.9%, RIL226 with 26.1% superiority over check variety were the most stable genotypes in all the three stability models for PC, TKW and KH, respectively. RIL113 was found to be stable genotype in ER and GGE models, whereas, RIL231 was the most stable genotype in AMMI and GGE models in the expression of SV. These common stable genotypes with high trait value identified through ER, AMMI and GGE models could be potential donors in active breeding programs to develop high yielding wheat varieties with improved PC, TKW, SV and KH

Thermomagnetic history effects in SmMn2_2Ge2_2

The intermetallic compound SmMn$_2$Ge$_2$, displaying multiple magnetic phase transitions, is being investigated in detail for its magnetization behavior near the 145 K first order ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition occuring on cooling, in particular for thermomagnetic history effects in the magnetization data. The most unusual finding is that the thermomagnetic irreversibility, [= M$^{FCW}$(T)-M$^{ZFC}$(T)] at 135 K is higher in intermediate magnetic field strengths. By studying the response of the sample (i.e., thermomagnetic irreversibility and thermal hysteresis) to different histories of application of magnetic field and temperature, we demonstrate how the supercooling and superheating of the metastable magnetic phases across the first order transition at 145 K contribute to overall thermomagnetic irreversibility.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Physical Review

Determining the antioxidant activity of certain medicinal plants of Sonitpur, (Assam), India using DPPH assay

As part of a screening program for biologically active compounds in medicinal plants of northeast India, twelve plants were investigated for their phytochemical screening and anti-oxidant activity. The antioxidant activity was estimated by using 2, 2- diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical assay. Oroxylum indicum, Ipomoea aquatica and Moringa oleifera exhibited strong antioxidant activity as compared to other plants. Oroxylum indicum showed the highest antioxidant activity. The present study indicated that these plants are of therapeutic potential due to their high free-radical scavenging activity. The role of phytochemical constituents of these important medicinal plants in traditional medicine treatment is discussed

Two-spinon dynamic structure factor of the one-dimensional S=1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet

The exact expression derived by Bougourzi, Couture, and Kacir for the 2-spinon contribution to the dynamic spin structure factor $S_{zz}(q,\omega)$ of he one-dimensional $S$=1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet at $T=0$ is evaluated for direct comparison with finite-chain transition rates ($N\leq 28$) and an approximate analytical result previously inferred from finite-$N$ data, sum rules, and Bethe-ansatz calculations. The 2-spinon excitations account for 72.89% of the total intensity in $S_{zz}(q,\omega)$. The singularity structure of the exact result is determined analytically and its spectral-weight distribution evaluated numerically over the entire range of the 2-spinon continuum. The leading singularities of the frequency-dependent spin autocorrelation function, static spin structure factor, and $q$-dependent susceptibility are determined via sum rules.Comment: 6 pages (RevTex) and 5 figures (Postscript